共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 128 毫秒
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两刚性平行平面之间粘附长条弹性体(其横截面为矩形),在上下两面相反方向切向力的作用下,弹性体将发生变形.在导出这种变形的数学模型的基础上,给出了一种新的差分解法.对于具有奇性的边界条件,进行了详细的分析和推导,给出了一种合理而有效的新的离散边界条件.模拟计算表明,其结果与定性分析相吻合.因此对该类问题的研究提供了新的实用的数值解法和数值分析方法. 相似文献
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梯形复式断面均匀流水力计算 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对由主槽、斜边坡以及边滩三部分组成的梯形复式断面渠道均匀流的水力计算进行了研究,采用表观切应力表示各子断面间的横向动量交换,结合各部分力的平衡关系式,推导出了主槽、斜边坡和边滩平均流速的计算公式.采用UK-FCF的实验数据对公式进行了验证,滩槽相对水深为0.057~0.4的7组工况计算值与实测值的比较表明,不考虑表观切应力的计算值与实测值的一致性都较差.比较而言,斜边坡部分平均流速在水深较小时计算值大于实测值,在水深较大时计算值小于或接近实测值,表观切应力对边滩部分平均流速的影响不明显,而主槽部分若不考虑表观切应力的影响,则计算值与实测值差别较大.运用三段式模型与刘沛清等提出的两段式模型分别进行了有边坡梯形断面复式渠道的水力计算,结果表明对于有边坡段的梯形断面渠道(河道),三段式模型更加有效.最后,将计算的表观切应力与实测表观切应力进行了比较,两者的一致性表明采用的动量输运系数是合适的. 相似文献
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《应用数学和力学》2018,(11)
对非Newton流体的本构及流动规律进行研究是分析、预测和控制非Newton流体在管道中流动的关键.实验表明非Newton流体在流动过程中具有历史记忆性,基于空间分数阶微积分方法,建立了分数阶非Newton流体本构模型;并推导了该模型在圆管中的流速分布、流量、平均流速、压降、平均Reynolds数等管道流动参数;提出了分数阶非Newton流体圆管流态判别准则.研究表明非Newton流体的圆管流层间的切应力可以通过流速的轴向分布大小来描述.对于不含屈服切应力的分数阶非Newton流体,分数阶的阶数越大,断面流速分布越均匀,记忆能力越强.分数阶的阶数大小反映了流体对全域空间的记忆性强弱;而对于含有屈服切应力的分数阶非Newton流体,分数阶的阶数越大,速梯区流速分布越均匀,流核区速度越小.分数阶的阶数大小反映了局部空间记忆性强弱.该研究为非Newton流体的记忆特征提供了一种新的建模方法. 相似文献
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锥形血管入口区域内管壁应力分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对锥形血管入口区域的流动进行了探讨,导出了压力分布、轴向和径向的速度分布以及流场的切应力分布、管壁应力分布等公式,进行了相应的数值算例的研究和分析,还着重讨论了血管锥度角对管壁应力、压力分布等的影响。 相似文献
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采用解析方法分析了矩形微通道热沉内单相稳态层流流体的流动与传热.基于y方向流速和导热不变的假设,建立流体在矩形微通道内流动的流速方程和传热的温度方程,进而推导出Nusselt数和Poiseuille数的理论表达式.通过计算结果可以看出,推导的Nusselt数和Poiseuille数的解析解与其他文献的结果吻合较好,而且当宽高比趋于无穷大时,Nusselt数和Poiseuille数分别趋近于8.235和96,这与其他文献结果完全相同.在Reynolds数相同时,摩擦因数随着宽高比的增加而增加,而在相同宽高比时,摩擦因数随Reynolds数的增加而减小. 相似文献
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用直接数值模拟的方法研究平板二维边界层对自由流中涡扰动的感受性.在自由流涡扰动与壁面凸起物的相互作用下,在边界层内找到了激发出来的Tollmein-Schlichting(T-S)波,证实了感受性现象及其中波长转变机制的存在.数值模拟得到的T-S波幅值与自由流扰动幅值、凸起高度及矩形凸起物长度的关系,与实验测量所得一致.则由此确定的感受性线性关系式的适用范围亦与实验所得相符. 相似文献
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本文考虑了固体材料内以拉压和滑移方式消耗变形功的两种主要物理机制,提出了用纤维构元与滑移构元共同组集的弹塑性材料模型.两种构元都是单自由度变形体,其力学性质及塑性变形中的耦合硬化系数可由传统的材料力学实验确定.各种取向的构元在三维空间中均匀分布,并与宏观应变协调变形.从模型结构的力学响应导出了全量型和增量型本构方程,不必预先设定加载函数(塑性势函数).构元经历的变形历史与其取向有关,作为组合效应的应力应变关系能反映加载路径的影响.因此,本文得到的本构方程既保持了简洁的数学形式,又能模拟复杂加载条件下材料的宏观弹塑性力学行为. 本文预测了几种多晶金属材料在典型复杂加载路径下的应力应变响应与后继屈服面,与实验结果吻合良好. 相似文献
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基于周边不变形理论,结合闭口薄壁杆件约束扭转的计算分析,研究了波形钢腹板箱梁在约束扭转时混凝土悬臂板上扭转剪应力的分布,并进行了计算.通过对悬臂板在约束扭转中剪力流计算公式的推导,进一步阐述了其自由扭转剪应力及翘曲扭转剪应力的分布,指出了相关文献在这部分计算中存在的问题.通过一个简支波形钢腹板组合箱梁算例,将该文方法计算结果与ANSYS有限元计算结果进行比较.结果表明:在波形钢腹板箱梁截面中,主要由波形钢腹板承受扭转剪应力,其次是混凝土底板,底板剪应力最大值发生在底板中心处,其数值近似等于腹板剪应力的一半,而混凝土顶板和悬臂部分的扭转剪应力很小;该文计算的扭转剪应力结果在总体上符合有限元得到的扭转剪应力分布规律,在悬臂自由端为0,随着离开悬臂自由端距离的增大,扭转剪应力逐渐增大并达到峰值. 相似文献
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两个平行的无限大多孔圆盘,圆盘表面有均匀注入时,数值地研究圆盘间不可压缩导电微极流体,在横向外加磁场作用下的轴对称稳定层流.运用von Krmn的相似变换,将非线性运动的控制方程转化为无量纲形式.使用基于有限差分格式的算法,在相应的边界条件下,求解简化后耦合的常微分方程组.讨论Reynolds数、磁场参数、微极参数和Prandtl数,对流动速度和温度分布的影响.在特殊情况下,所得结果与已有文献的工作有着很好的一致性.研究表明,圆盘表面的传热率随着Rynolds数、磁场参数和Prandtl数的增加而增加;剪切应力随着注入的增加而减少,但它随着外部磁场的加强而增加.和Newton流体相比较,微极流体的剪切应力因素较弱,有利于聚合体加工过程中流动和温度的控制. 相似文献
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The free vibration of laminated composite plates on elastic foundations is examined by using a refined hyperbolic shear deformation theory. This theory is based on the assumption that the transverse displacements consist of bending and shear components where the bending components do not contribute to shear forces, and likewise, the shear components do not contribute to bending moments. The most interesting feature of this theory is that it allows for parabolic distributions of transverse shear stresses across the plate thickness and satisfies the conditions of zero shear stresses at the top and bottom surfaces of the plate without using shear correction factors. The number of independent unknowns in the present theory is four, as against five in other shear deformation theories. In the analysis, the foundation is modeled as a two-parameter Pasternak-type foundation, or as a Winkler-type one if the second foundation parameter is zero. The equation of motion for simply supported thick laminated rectangular plates resting on an elastic foundation is obtained through the use of Hamilton’s principle. The numerical results found in the present analysis for free the vibration of cross-ply laminated plates on elastic foundations are presented and compared with those available in the literature. The theory proposed is not only accurate, but also efficient in predicting the natural frequencies of laminated composite plates. 相似文献
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Flow of a Maxwell fluid between two side walls induced by a constantly accelerating plate 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Waseem Akhtar Corina Fetecau Victor Tigoiu Constantin Fetecau 《Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Physik (ZAMP)》2009,60(3):498-510
The unsteady flow of a Maxwell fluid induced by a constantly accelerating plate between two side walls perpendicular to the
plate is studied. Exact solutions for the velocity field are established by means of the Fourier sine transforms. The adequate
tangential stresses are also determined. The similar solutions for a Newtonian fluid are obtained as limiting cases of our
solutions. In the absence of the side walls, the similar solutions for the unsteady flow over an infinite flat plate are recovered.
Finally, for comparison, the velocity field in the middle of the channel and the shear stresses at the bottom wall and on
the side walls are plotted for different values of the material constants.
相似文献
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Physiological pulsatile flow in a 3D model of arterial stenosis is investigated by using large eddy simulation (LES) technique. The computational domain chosen is a simple channel with a biological type stenosis formed eccentrically on the top wall. The physiological pulsation is generated at the inlet using the first harmonic of the Fourier series of pressure pulse. In LES, the large scale flows are resolved fully while the unresolved subgrid scale (SGS) motions are modelled using a localized dynamic model. Due to the narrowing of artery the pulsatile flow becomes transition-to-turbulent in the downstream region of the stenosis, where a high level of turbulent fluctuations is achieved, and some detailed information about the nature of these fluctuations are revealed through the investigation of the turbulent energy spectra. Transition-to-turbulent of the pulsatile flow in the post stenosis is examined through the various numerical results such as velocity, streamlines, velocity vectors, vortices, wall pressure and shear stresses, turbulent kinetic energy, and pressure gradient. A comparison of the LES results with the coarse DNS are given for the Reynolds number of 2000 in terms of the mean pressure, wall shear stress as well as the turbulent characteristics. The results show that the shear stress at the upper wall is low just prior to the centre of the stenosis, while it is maximum in the throat of the stenosis. But, at the immediate post stenotic region, the wall shear stress takes the oscillating form which is quite harmful to the blood cells and vessels. In addition, the pressure drops at the throat of the stenosis where the re-circulated flow region is created due to the adverse pressure gradient. The maximum turbulent kinetic energy is located at the post stenosis with the presence of the inertial sub-range region of slope −5/3. 相似文献
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This paper describes a higher-order global-local theory for thermal/mechanical response of moderately thick laminated composites with general lamination configurations. In-plane displacement fields are constructed by superimposing the third-order local displacement field to the global cubic displacement field. To eliminate layer-dependent variables, interlaminar shear stress compatibility conditions have been employed, so that the number of variables involved in the proposed model is independent of the number of layers of laminates. Imposing shear stress free condition at the top and the bottom surfaces, derivatives of transverse displacement are eliminated from the displacement field, so that C0 interpolation functions are only required for the finite element implementation. To assess the proposed model, the quadratic six-node C0 triangular element is employed for the interpolation of all the displacement parameters defined at each nodal point on the composite plate. Comparing to various existing laminated plate models, it is found that simple C0 finite elements with non-zero normal strain could produce more accurate displacement and stresses for thick multilayer composite plates subjected to thermal and mechanical loads. Finally, it is remarked that the proposed model is quite robust, such that the finite element results are not sensitive to the mesh configuration and can rapidly converge to 3-D elasticity solutions using regular or irregular meshes. 相似文献
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Hamidreza Yazdani Sarvestani Mohammadreza Yazdani Sarvestani 《Applied Mathematical Modelling》2012,36(4):1570-1588
In this study, based on the reduced form of elasticity displacement field for a long laminate, an analytical method is established to exactly obtain the interlaminar stresses near the free edges of generally laminated composite plates subjects to extension, torsion, and bending. The constant parameters being in the displacement field, which describe the global deformation of a laminate, are appropriately calculated by using the improved first-order shear deformation theory. Reddy’s layerwise theory is subsequently employed for analytical and numerical examinations of the boundary layer stresses within arbitrary laminated composite plates. Various numerical results are developed for the interlaminar normal and shear stresses along the interfaces and through the thickness of laminates near the free edges. Finally the effects of end conditions of laminates and geometric parameters on the boundary-layer stress are studied. 相似文献
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V. Yu. Liapidevskii V. V. Pukhnachev 《Proceedings of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics》2013,281(1):77-90
A two-dimensional motion of an incompressible viscoelastic Maxwell continuum is considered. The system of quasilinear equations describing this motion has both real and complex characteristics. A class of effectively one-dimensionalmotions is analyzed for which the original system of equations is decomposed into a hyperbolic subsystem and a quadrature. The properties of the hyperbolic submodels obtained depend on the choice of the invariant derivative in the rheological relation. When one chooses the Jaumann corotational derivative as the invariant derivative, the equations of the submodel remain quasilinear. They can be represented in the form of conservation laws, which allows one to analyze discontinuous solutions to these equations. When one chooses the upper or lower convected derivative, the equations of one-dimensional hyperbolic submodels turn out to be linear. The problem of shear motion between parallel plates and the problem of interaction between the stress field that does not depend on one of the coordinates and a transverse shear flow with initially constant vorticity are studied in detail. It is established that a plane Couette flow in the model with the corotational derivative is unstable in the linear approximation in the class of shear flows if the Weissenberg number is greater than one. The development of small perturbations gives rise to discontinuities in tangential velocities and stresses. The hysteresis phenomenon is observed when the Weissenberg number successively increases and decreases while passing through a critical value. The Couette flow in models with the upper and lower convected derivative remains stable with respect to one-dimensional perturbations. 相似文献
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提出了轻质热防护系统外面板使用多层结构的概念,设计了2种热防护材料组合构成的3种铺层方案.通过模拟飞行器再入大气层时受到的机械和热载荷条件,数值计算得到了层间剪切力、底部温度和y方向位移.计算结果发现,层间剪切力发生在边缘部位且呈反对称分布;选用高热导率和高热容材料能够减少材料内的温度梯度,进而有效地降低结构的热应力和热变形;在均匀温度场情况下,两种材料的热膨胀系数之差越小,则层间剪切力越小.该研究表明不同的材料组合和铺层次序的多层结构,可以满足不同设计要求,具有优化设计潜力. 相似文献