Nonlinear elastic constitutive relations of residually stressed composites with stiff curved fibres

Applied Mathematics and Mechanics - Mechanical models of residually stressed fibre-reinforced solids, which do not resist bending, have been developed in the literature. However, in some residually...     

Valence Quark Ratio in the Proton

Beginning with precise data on the ratio of structure functions in deep inelastic scattering（DIS） from ³ He and ³ H, collected on the domain 0.19 ≤ xB≤ 0.83, where xBis the Bjorken scaling variable, we employ a robust method for extrapolating such data to arrive at a model-independent result for the xB= 1 value of the ratio of neutron and proton structure functions. Combining this with information obtained in analyses of DIS from nuclei, corrected for target-structure depen...     

Highly transparent ceramics for the spectral range from 1.0 to 60.0μm based on solid solutions of the system AgBr-AgI-TlI-TlBr

The article is devoted to the technology for obtaining optical ceramics of Ag Br-Tl I and Ag Br-Tl Br_0.46I_0.54 systems and manufacturing samples with different compositions.The new heterophase crystal ceramics are transparent without absorption windows in the spectral range from 1.0 to 60.0μm.In the ceramics’transparency spectra based on the Ag Br-Tl I and Ag Br-Tl Br_0.46I_0.54 systems fusibility diagrams,with an increase in the thallium halides mass fraction,as well as the replacement of the bromine ion with iodine,the maximum transparency shifts to a long infrared region.     

Role of compositional changes on thermal,magnetic,and mechanical properties of Fe-P-C-based amorphous alloys

This work aimed to tune the comprehensive properties of Fe-P-C-based amorphous system through investigating the role of microalloying process on the crystallization behavior,glass forming ability(GFA),soft magnetic features,and mechanical properties.Considering minor addition of elements into the system,it was found that the simultaneous microalloying of Ni and Co leads to the highest GFA,which was due to the optimization of compositional heterogeneity and creation of near-eutectic composition.Moreover,the FeCoNiCuPC amorphous alloy exhibited the best anelastic/viscoplastic behavior under the nanoindentation test,which was owing to the intensified structural fluctuations in the system.However,the improved plasticity by the extra Cu addition comes at the expense of magnetic properties,so that the saturation magnetization of this alloying system is significantly decreased compared to the FeCoPC amorphous alloy with the highest soft magnetic properties.In total,the results indicated that a combination of added elemental constitutes,i.e.,Fe69Co5Ni5Cu1P13C7 composition,provides an optimized state for the comprehensive properties in the alloying system.     

Nonlinear dynamical magnetosonic wave interactions and collisions in magnetized plasma

The one-dimensional nonlinear dynamical wave interactions in a system of quasineutral two-fluid plasma in a constant magnetic field are investigated.The existence of the travelling wave solutions is discussed.The modulation stability of linear waves and the modulation instability of weakly nonlinear waves are presented.Both suggest that the Korteweg-de Vries(KdV) system is modulationally stable.Besides,the wave interactions including the periodic wave interaction and the solitary wave interaction are captured and presented.It is shown that these interacting waves alternately exchange their energy during propagation.The Fourier spectrum analysis is used to depict the energy transformation between the primary and harmonic waves.It is known that the wave interactions in magnetized plasma play an important role in various processes of heating and energy transportation in space and astrophysical plasma.However,few researchers have considered such magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) wave interactions in plasma.It is expected that this work can provide additional insight into understanding of behaviors of MHD wave interactions.     

Hybrid nanomaterial flow and heat transport in a stretchable convergent/divergent channel:a Darcy-Forchheimer model

The flow behavior in non-parallel walls is an important factor of any physical model including cavity flow and canals, which is applicable for diverging/converging channel. The present communication explains that the flow of the hybrid nanomaterial subjected to the convergent/divergent channel has non-parallel walls. It is assumed that the hybrid nanomaterial movement is in the porous region. A Darcy-Forchheimer medium of porosity is considered to interpret the porosity features. A useful similarity function is adopted to get the strong ordinary coupled equations. Numerical solutions are achieved through the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg(RKF) fourth-fifth order method, and they are validated with the existing results. Physical nature of the involving constraints is reported with the help of plots. It is explored that the velocity of divergent channel decreases, and convergent channel enhances for the higher solid volume faction. Further, the presence of inertia coefficient and porosity parameter amplifies the velocity at the wall.     

Dynamic and buckling analysis of polymer hybrid composite beam with variable thickness

This work deals with a study of the dynamic and buckling analysis of polymer hybrid composite(PHC) beam. The beam has variable thickness and is reinforced by carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and nanoclay(NC) simultaneously. The governing equations are derived based on the first shear deformation theory(FSDT). A three-phase HalpinTsai approach is used to predict the mechanical properties of the PHC. We focus our attention on the effect of the simultaneous addition of NC and CNT on the vibration and buckling analysis of the PHC beam with variable thickness. Also a comparison study is done on the sensation of three impressive parameters including CNT, NC weight fractions, and the shape factor of fillers on the mechanical properties of PHC beams,as well as fundamental frequencies of free vibrations and critical buckling load. The results show that the increase of shape factor value, NC, and CNT weight fractions leads to considerable reinforcement in mechanical properties as well as increase of the dimensionless fundamental frequency and buckling load. The variation of CNT weight fraction on elastic modulus is more sensitive rather than shear modulus but the effect of NC weight fraction on elastic and shear moduli is fairly the same. The shape factor values more than the medium level do not affect the mechanical properties.     

Some aspects on the sampling efficiency of microbial impaction air samplers

Indoor microbial monitoring is an important health issue in many sectors of society.In particular,it is important to monitor microbial concentrations in environments dealing with bio-susceptible products.Many human diseases are related to high,undesired microbial airborne concentrations.However,the lack of a standardized and well-accepted methodology for testing and ranking the performance of microbial air samplers is a source of uncertainty in such measurements.Several works clearly show that results obtained from microbial air sampling depend largely on measuring techniques,especially the air samplers’ physical parameters,such as d₅₀,as well as environmental conditions,sources,and concentrations of microbial organisms in the environment.Furthermore,personnel using cleanroom clothing can reduce the microbial burden within a clean environment.To evaluate this effect,we carried out experimental comparison tests in a cleanroom of class ISO 5 with different air samplers under various microbial concentration levels,generated by a human source dressed in different quality cleanroom clothing.Our results confirm that in addition to the measuring technique,cleanroom clothing does influence microbial contamination,affecting air sampler measurements.     

The spatial-temporal evolution of coherent structures in log law region of turbulent boundary layer

The spatial-temporal evolution of coherent structures(CS) is significant for turbulence control and drag reduction. Among the CS, low and high speed streak structures show typical burst phenomena. The analysis was based on a time series of three-dimensional and three-component(3D-3C) velocity fields of the flat plate turbulent boundary layer(TBL) measured by a Tomographic and Time-resolved PIV(Tomo TRPIV) system. Using multi-resolution wavelet transform and conditional sampling method, we extracted the intrinsic topologies and found that the streak structures appear in bar-like patterns. Furthermore, we seized locations and velocity information of transient CS, and then calculated the propagation velocity of CS based on spatial-temporal cross-correlation scanning. This laid a foundation for further studies on relevant dynamics properties.     

In situ synthesis of Ag-SiO2 Janus particles with epoxy functionality for textile applications

A facile method for the synthesis of silver-silica（Ag-SiO₂） Janus particles with functionalities suitable for textile applications is reported.Silica nanoparticles prepared by the Stober method were functionalized with epoxy,amine,and thiol groups,which were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared analysis.The functionalized silica nanoparticles were used to produce Pickering emulsions,and the exposed surface was used for the attachment of silver nanoparticles（AgNPs） via the low-temperature chemical reduction method.The morphology and structure of the Ag-SiO₂ Janus particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,scanning transmission electron microscopy,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray analysis,and UV-vis spectroscopy.Because of their specific functionalities,these Ag-SiO₂ Janus particles are proposed for applications on textile substrates,as they can overcome several drawbacks of direct application of AgNPs on textiles,such as leaching,agglomeration,and instability during storage.