An extended simplest equation method and its application to several forms of the fifth-order KdV equation

In this paper, an extended simplest equation method is proposed to seek exact travelling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations. As applications, many new exact travelling wave solutions for several forms of the fifth-order KdV equation are obtained by using our method. The forms include the Lax, Sawada-Kotera, Sawada-Kotera-Parker-Dye, Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon, Kaup-Kupershmidt, Kaup-Kupershmidt-Parker-Dye, and the Ito forms.     

Reinterpretation and simplified implementation of a discontinuous Galerkin method for Hamilton–Jacobi equations

In this note, we reinterpret a discontinuous Galerkin method originally developed by Hu and Shu [C. Hu, C.-W. Shu, A discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for Hamilton–Jacobi equations, SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 21 (1999) 666–690] (see also [O. Lepsky, C. Hu, C.-W. Shu, Analysis of the discontinuous Galerkin method for Hamilton–Jacobi equations, Applied Numerical Mathematics 33 (2000) 423–434]) for solving Hamilton–Jacobi equations. With this reinterpretation, numerical solutions will automatically satisfy the curl-free property of the exact solutions inside each element. This new reinterpretation allows a method of lines formulation, which renders a more natural framework for stability analysis. Moreover, this reinterpretation renders a significantly simplified implementation with reduced cost, as only a smaller subspace of the original solution space in [C. Hu, C.-W. Shu, A discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for Hamilton–Jacobi equations, SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 21 (1999) 666–690; O. Lepsky, C. Hu, C.-W. Shu, Analysis of the discontinuous Galerkin method for Hamilton–Jacobi equations, Applied Numerical Mathematics 33 (2000) 423–434] is used and the least squares procedure used in [C. Hu, C.-W. Shu, A discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for Hamilton–Jacobi equations, SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 21 (1999) 666–690; O. Lepsky, C. Hu, C.-W. Shu, Analysis of the discontinuous Galerkin method for Hamilton–Jacobi equations, Applied Numerical Mathematics 33 (2000) 423–434] is completely avoided.     

Uniqueness of numerical solutions to nonlinear parabolic equations by a fully implicit discontinuous Galerkin method

We prove uniqueness of numerical solutions to nonlinear parabolic equations approximated by a fully implicit interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (IPDG) method, with a mesh-independent constraint on time step.     

Interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin methods with implicit time‐integration techniques for nonlinear parabolic equations

We prove existence and numerical stability of numerical solutions of three fully discrete interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin methods for solving nonlinear parabolic equations. Under some appropriate regularity conditions, we give the l²(H¹) and l^∞(L²) error estimates of the fully discrete symmetric interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin–scheme with the implicit θ ‐schemes in time, which include backward Euler and Crank–Nicolson finite difference approximations. Our estimates are optimal with respect to the mesh size h. The theoretical results are confirmed by some numerical experiments. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2013     

拟等级网格下非线性延迟微分方程间断有限元法

本文利用间断有限元法求解非线性延迟微分方程,在拟等级网格下.给出非线性延迟微分方程间断有限元解的整体收敛阶和局部超收敛阶,数值实验验证了理论结果的正确性.     

Structural Stability of Discontinuous Galerkin Schemes

The goal of this work is to determine classes of traveling solitary wave solutions for a differential approximation of a discontinuous Galerkin finite difference scheme by means of an hyperbolic ansatz. It is shown that spurious solitary waves can occur in finite-difference solutions of nonlinear wave equation. The occurence of such a spurious solitary wave, which exhibits a very long life time, results in a non-vanishing numerical error for arbitrary time in unbounded numerical domain. Such a behavior is referred here to have a structural instability of the scheme, since the space of solutions spanned by the numerical scheme encompasses types of solutions (solitary waves in the present case) that are not solutions of the original continuous equations. This paper extends our previous work about classical schemes to discontinuous Galerkin schemes (David and Sagaut in Chaos Solitons Fractals 41(4):2193?C2199, 2009; Chaos Solitons Fractals 41(2):655?C660, 2009).     

计算有弥散和吸附的径向渗流问题的局部化间断Galerkin方法

在Corkburn和Shu新近发展的求解对流扩散方程的局部化间断Galerkin方法的基础上,针对有弥散和吸附的径向渗流问题中出现的推广的对流扩散方程的形式,构造了一种计算有弥散和吸附的径向渗流问题的局部化间断Galerkin有限元方法,为径向渗流问题的求解提供了一个高阶的新方法．对对流-弥散和对流-弥散-吸附两种情况进行了数值实验, 所得结果的相应部分与已知的一些精确解结果和数值结果是一致的,表明方法是可靠的．从计算速度上看,方法也是可行的．     

The discontinuous Galerkin method for fractional degenerate convection-diffusion equations

We propose and study discontinuous Galerkin methods for strongly degenerate convection-diffusion equations perturbed by a fractional diffusion (Lévy) operator. We prove various stability estimates along with convergence results toward properly defined (entropy) solutions of linear and nonlinear equations. Finally, the qualitative behavior of solutions of such equations are illustrated through numerical experiments.     

New traveling waves solutions to generalized Kaup-Kupershmidt and Ito equations

In this paper we consider a special fifth-order KdV equation with constant coefficients and we obtain traveling wave solutions for it, using the projective Riccati equation method. By mean of a scaling, exact solutions to general Kaup-Kupershmidt (KK) equation are obtained. As a particular case, exact solutions to standard KK equation can be derived. Using the same method, we obtain exact solutions to standard Ito equation. By mean of scaling, new exact solutions to general Ito equation are formally derived.     

非线性算子方程的泰勒展式算法

本文的目的是给出一种解Ｈｉｌｂｅｒｔ空间中非线性方程的ｋ阶泰勒展式算法（ｋ１）．标准Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ方法可以看作１阶泰勒展式算法，而最优非线性Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ方法可视为２阶泰勒展式算法．我们应用这种算法于定常的Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程的数值逼近．在一定情景下，最优非线性Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ方法提供比标准Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ方法和非线性Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ方法更高阶的收敛速度．     

Exact soliton solutions for the general fifth Korteweg-de Vries equation

With the aid of computer symbolic computation system such as Maple, the extended hyperbolic function method and the Hirota’s bilinear formalism combined with the simplified Hereman form are applied to determine the soliton solutions for the general fifth-order KdV equation. Several new soliton solutions can be obtained if we taking parameters properly in these solutions. The employed methods are straightforward and concise, and they can also be applied to other nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics. The article is published in the original.     

The extended tanh method for solving systems of nonlinear wave equations

The extended tanh method with a computerized symbolic computation is used for constructing the traveling wave solutions of coupled nonlinear equations arising in physics. The obtained solutions include solitons, kinks and plane periodic solutions. The applied method will be used to solve the generalized coupled Hirota Satsuma KdV equation.     

Nonautonomous first integrals and general solutions of the KdV‐Burgers and mKdV‐Burgers equations with the source

The method for constructing first integrals and general solutions of nonlinear ordinary differential equations is presented. The method is based on index accounting of the Fuchs indices, which appeared during the Painlevé test of a nonlinear differential equation. The Fuchs indices indicate us the leading members of the first integrals for the origin differential equation. Taking into account the values of the Fuchs indices, we can construct the auxiliary equation, which allows to look for the first integrals of nonlinear differential equations. The method is used to obtain the first integrals and general solutions of the KdV‐Burgers and the mKdV‐Burgers equations with a source. The nonautonomous first integrals in the polynomials form are found. The general solutions of these nonlinear differential equations under at some additional conditions on the parameters of differential equations are also obtained. Illustrations of some solutions of the KdV‐Burgers and the mKdV‐Burgers are given.     

New generalized and improved (G′/G)-expansion method for nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics

In this article, new extension of the generalized and improved (G′/G)-expansion method is proposed for constructing more general and a rich class of new exact traveling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations. To demonstrate the novelty and motivation of the proposed method, we implement it to the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. The new method is oriented toward the ease of utilize and capability of computer algebraic system and provides a more systematic, convenient handling of the solution process of nonlinear equations. Further, obtained solutions disclose a wider range of applicability for handling a large variety of nonlinear partial differential equations.     

波动方程的非线性、非局部边值问题

用 Galerkin方法证明了波动方程的一类非线性非局部边值问题的解的存在性定理 .     

On the Numerical Solution to a Nonlinear Wave Equation Associated with the First Painlev′e Equation: an Operator-Splitting Approach

The main goal of this article is to discuss the numerical solution to a nonlinear wave equation associated with the first of the celebrated Painlevé transcendent ordinary differential equations. In order to solve numerically the above equation, whose solutions blow up in finite time, the authors advocate a numerical methodology based on the Strang’s symmetrized operator-splitting scheme. With this approach, one can decouple nonlinearity and differential operators, leading to the alternate solution at every time step of the equation as follows: (i) The first Painlevé ordinary differential equation, (ii) a linear wave equation with a constant coefficient. Assuming that the space dimension is two, the authors consider a fully discrete variant of the above scheme, where the space-time discretization of the linear wave equation sub-steps is achieved via a Galerkin/finite element space approximation combined with a second order accurate centered time discretization scheme. To handle the nonlinear sub-steps, a second order accurate centered explicit time discretization scheme with adaptively variable time step is used, in order to follow accurately the fast dynamic of the solution before it blows up. The results of numerical experiments are presented for different coefficients and boundary conditions. They show that the above methodology is robust and describes fairly accurately the evolution of a rather “violent” phenomenon.     

New solitary wave and periodic wave solutions for general types of KdV and KdV–Burgers equations

In this paper, we first introduced improved projective Riccati method by means of two simplified Riccati equations. Applying the improved method, we consider the general types of KdV and KdV–Burgers equations with nonlinear terms of any order. As a result, many explicit exact solutions, which contain new solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions and the combined formal solitary wave solutions are obtained. Some of them are found for the first time.     

基于吴方法的孤波自动求解软件包及其应用

基于非线性代数方程组的吴特征列方法,在计算机代数系统Maple上实现了非线性微分方程孤波解的自动求解,编制了一个小型实用的软件包。作为应用,考虑了一个一般的五阶模型方程,利用该软件包获得了此方程新的孤波解以及孤子解存在的条件。