基于传播模式演化的组织内知识传播研究

组织内个体之间的知识传播存在不同的模式,传播模式会影响传播效果,反过来传播模式会随着传播的进行而发生演化,反作用于知识传播,进而影响组织绩效和创新。基于此,本文先归纳了六种知识传播模式之间的演化规则,然后对应不同类型的组织,利用复杂网络设置了多组仿真实验,模拟了传播模式不断演化时组织知识传播的动态过程。对比分析实验结果发现:专家对组织知识传播至关重要,专家能够大大提高组织知识储量;顺畅的沟通机制不仅能显著提高组织知识储量,还能让知识传播更兼顾公平;组织内个体的知识分享习惯是其获取知识的关键,越懂得分享的人越能获取更多的知识。     

植物种子风传播核的概率模型

种子风传播过程是植被地理分布及其对环境变化响应的关键.植物种子风传播核是种子风传播能力的重要特征.建立种子传播核模型对准确预测植被地理分布十分关键.基于风速的对数正态分布和维布尔分布模式,推导出了植物种子风传播核的两种概率模型,并指出了计算步骤.同时,以6种蒲公英为例,分析了不同植物在不同地点和不同月份种子风传播核特征.算例表明,不同植物、不同地点和不同时间种子风传播核的差异,并且种子风传播强度在风速为对数正态分布下比维布尔分布下要高,传播核强度较高最大传播距离在维布尔分布下比对数正态分布下要远.种子风传播模型研究未来需要考虑近地面层空气动力学参数和风速分布其它模式.     

一类具有直接和间接传播的SIV传染病模型

传染病的传播途径是多种多样的,如:直接传播和间接传播等.在以往的传染病模型中,大多是只考虑直接传播对疾病的影响,而忽略了环境作用对疾病的影响,即间接传播的影响.其实,间接传播在传染病的传播中同样起着重要的作用,忽略间接传播的影响会低估基本再生数,从而错估传染病爆发的规模,给人类的健康带来更大的威胁.研究了一个既有直接传播又有间接传播的SⅣ传染病模型,通过研究模型的动力学行为,给出了无病平衡点和地方病平衡点全局渐近稳定的条件,并用数值模拟证实了该结果.     

基于个体策略选择的知识传播研究

本文采用小世界网络模型模拟现实组织结构,构建了组织内部基于个体策略选择的知识传播模型,探讨了个体策略选择和网络结构对组织内部知识传播效果的影响。研究发现组织中无条件传播知识的个体的数量与平均知识水平成正比,对知识传播起促进作用;在网络结构方面,小世界网络对知识传播更加有利;组织规模较小时,更换策略的时间间隔对知识传播有较大影响。研究结果为组织有效地促进知识传播提供了支持。     

考虑攻击相关性的蠕虫传播模型

网络节点的感染概率直接对蠕虫的传播过程产生影响,而攻击行为的相关性会加大节点的感染概率。基于此,本文提出了考虑攻击相关性的STIR蠕虫传播模型。根据攻击相关性的特点,给出感染概率的更新计算方法,并利用状态转移概率法对传播过程进行数学描述,推导传播临界值的计算公式,最后在无标度网络中进行仿真分析。实验结果验证了数值推导出的传播临界值的正确性。与未考虑攻击相关性的蠕虫传播模型相比,STIR模型能够更好地模拟蠕虫的传播过程。同时在研究中还发现,感染概率初始值、感染变化率和传播概率的增加都会加大蠕虫的传播速度和传播规模。     

微博传播波的函数解析实证研究

为定量地揭示微博传播行为内在的时间演化规律,将微博转发量随时间的变化定义为微博传播波.根据微博传播网络的结构,将微博传播波分解为由若干"大V"所引发的微博传播子波.通过实证,发现了微博传播子波所遵从的统一的指数衰减函数形式.最终实现了将微博传播行为重构为一系列指数衰减函数的叠加,并对该函数中各参数的意义及影响因素进行了初步的探讨.     

基于风速随机变量的植物种子风传播距离概率模型

种子风传播过程是植被地理分布及其对环境变化响应的关键.植物种子风传播距离是种子风传播能力的重要特征.建立种子风传播距离模型对准确预测植被地理分布变化十分关键.首先基于物理学中动力学原理,推导出了种子风传播动力学方程,基于风速对数正态分布和维布尔分布模式,推导出了植物种子风传播距离概率模型,并给出了计算步骤.同时,以6种蒲公英为例,分析了不同植物在不同地点和不同月份种子风传距离的概率密度特征.算例表明,不同植物、不同地点和不同时间种子风传播距离概率密度不同,并且种子风传播距离概率密度在风速为对数正态分布下比维布尔分布下要高,传播距离概率密度较高最大传播距离在维布尔分布下比对数正态分布下要远.未来研究种子风传播距离模型需要考虑近地面层空气动力学参数和风速分布其它模式.     

天波的多跳传播模型研究

介绍了短波无线电传播的相关背景知识,详细讨论了无线电波在传播过程中的各种损耗,包括自由空间传播损耗、电离层吸收损耗、反射损耗和额外系统损耗等,并给出了具体的计算方法,建立了电波最远传播距离的数学模型.根据该模型的计算结果,分析了无线电波在海洋和地面上的传播情况.最后选取5月份的青岛作为发射点,由最佳工作频率和不同的发射仰角,给出了白天和晚上无线电波的最远传播距离.     

证券市场信息传播的数学模型研究

根据信息的传播理论,从信息传播的实际出发,以股票市场中内部信息的传播如何影响股价的波动及交易量的变化为主要研究内容,从全新的角度建立数学模型来描述了信息自身的传播过程,预测传播的高峰时刻,分析其过程中股票交易量的变化情况.给出了该模型的两个定理.定理1说明:传播信息的投资者的人数先单调增加,然后单调减少并趋于零;定理2表明总有一部分人在信息公布之前无法得知内部消息.从模型得出的两个定理与信息传播的真实形式相符合,说明了模型的准确性.     

矩形截面梁中波传播的精确分析

将傅立叶级数方法推广应用于矩形截面梁中波传播的精确分析．不仅试着直接从三维弹性动力学方程出发,导出了矩形截面梁中波传播的一般解析解,而且给出了弹性波在自由矩形截面梁中的传播特性．波传播精确模型的提出,为实现梁波的耦合控制奠定了坚实基础．     

两类带有确定潜伏期的SEIS传染病模型的分析

通过研究两类带有确定潜伏期的SEIS传染病模型,发现对种群的常数输入和指数输入会使疾病的传播过程产生本质的差异．对于带有常数输入的情形,找到了地方病平衡点存在及局部渐近稳定的阈值,证明了地方病平衡点存在时一定局部渐近稳定,并且疾病一致持续存在．对于带有指数输入的情形,发现地方病平衡点当潜伏期充分小时是局部渐近稳定的,当潜伏期充分大时是不稳定的．     

Maximal and Minimal Semilattices on Ordered Sets

The map which takes an element of an ordered set to its principal ideal is a natural embedding of that ordered set into its powerset, a semilattice. If attention is restricted to all finite intersections of the principal ideals of the original ordered set, then an embedding into a much smaller semilattice is obtained. In this paper the question is answered of when this construction is, in a certain arrow-theoretic sense, minimal. Specifically, a characterisation is given, in terms of ideals and filters, of those ordered sets which admit a so-called minimal embedding into a semilattice. Similarly, a candidate maximal semilattice on an ordered set can be constructed from the principal filters of its elements. A characterisation of those ordered sets that extend to a maximal semilattice is given. Finally, the notion of a free semilattice on an ordered set is given, and it is shown that the candidate maximal semilattice in the embedding-theoretic sense is the free object.     

Optimal damping ratio for linear second-order systems

In this paper, it is shown that the optimal damping ratio for linear second-order systems that results in minimum-time no-overshoot response to step inputs is of bang-bang type. The optimal damping ratio is zero at the outset and is switched to some maximum value at an appropriate instant of time. The switching time is shown to be a function of the maximum damping ratio and the system natural frequency. Furthermore, it is shown that the larger the maximum damping ratio is, the shorter it takes for the system to reach the desired set point. Finally, it is shown that, if the optimal damping ratio is switched as a function of the system state, then the minimum-time no-overshoot criterion is satisfied, irrespective of the magnitude of the uncertainty in the value of the system natural frequency.     

AR（p）模型中的缺失数据估计

运用EM算法,对含有缺失数据的AR（p）模型进行参数估计,通过最大似然准则就非左端缺失的情况进行插补.最后,用蒙特卡洛方法给出实验分析,表明如下结果：（i）误差与AR模型的阶数正相关,与缺失比例正相关;（ii）当AR模型的特征根模长相对较小时,误差与数据长度负相关,且误差被控制在了标准差的30％以内;（iii）当模长中等时,误差基本控制在1个标准差左右;（iv）当模长较大时,误差与数据长度正相关,而且误差也相对较大.     

On stability of switched homogeneous nonlinear systems

In this paper, the problem of stability of switched homogeneous systems is addressed. First of all, if there is a quadratic Lyapunov function such that nonlinear homogeneous systems are asymptotically stable, a matrix Lyapunov-like equation is obtained for a stable nonlinear homogeneous system using semi-tensor product of matrices, and Lyapunov equation of linear system is just its particular case. Following the previous results, a sufficient condition is obtained for stability of switched nonlinear homogeneous systems, and a switching law is designed by partition of state space. In particular, a constructive approach is provided to avoid chattering phenomena which is caused by the switching rule. Then for planar switched homogeneous systems, an LMI approach to stability of planar switched homogeneous systems is presented. Similar to the condition for linear systems, the LMI-type condition is easily verifiable. An example is given to illustrate that candidate common Lyapunov function is a key point for design of switching law.     

Waves in an Inhomogeneous Tube with a Flowing Two-Phase Fluid

Results of theoretical and mathematical justification of the problem on a pulsating flow of a two-phase barotropic bubbly fluid enclosed in an elastic semi-infinite cylindrical tube inhomogeneous along its length are presented. Linear one-dimensional equations are used. It is assumed that the tube is rigidly attached to the surrounding medium and therefore its displacement in the axial direction is absent. At infinity, the tube material is assumed to be homogeneous. To describe the pressure, flow rate, and displacement of the fluid, a pulsating pressure is given at the tube end. The problem stated is reduced to a singular Sturm-Liouville boundary-value problem, which in turn is reduced to a Volterra-type integral equation. This equation is solved by the method of successive approximations. By assuming that the corresponding potential is integrable, it is proved that these approximations converge to the exact solution of the problem. It is shown that this assumption also covers the very important practical case of piecewise inhomogeneity. For numerical realization, we consider a homogeneous tube with flowing water containing a small amount of bubbles. The effect of the volume content of bubbles on wave characteristics is revealed. In particular, it is stated that, for the oscillation regime selected, an increased bubble volume content decreases the wave velocity and considerably increases the flow speed (rate).     

基于改进二进制蚁群算法的函数优化

对于函数优化问题,传统蚁群算法存在着算法实现较难,求解速度慢,需要记忆功能,不容易与其他算法结合等问题,而已有二进制蚁群算法也存在着迭代次数过多,收敛速度慢等问题.借鉴二进制蚁群算法思想,将解空间直接二进制离散化求解,实验证明该算法在处理一元及多元函数优化方面均有较好的表现,通过对几个函数的测试(包括一元和多元),结果表明该改进算法具有较好的稳定性和收敛速度,算法性能良好.     

Milnor方图中的w-凝聚性

整环R称为ω-凝聚整环,是指R的每个有限型理想是有限表现型的.本文证明了ω-凝聚整环是v-凝聚整环,且若(RDTF,M)是Milnor方图,则在Ⅰ型情形,R是ω-凝聚整环当且仅当D和T都是ω-整环,且T_M是赋值环;对于Ⅱ-型情形,R是ω-凝聚整环当且仅当D是域,[F:D]<∞,M是R的有限型理想,T是ω-凝聚整环,且R_M是凝聚整环.     

Compromise solutions and estimation of the noninferior set

A general framework is presented in which the relation of the set of noninferior points and the set of compromise solutions is studied. It is shown that the set of compromise solutions is dense in the set of noninferior points and that each compromise solution is properly noninferior. Also, under convexity of the criteria space, a characterization of the properly noninferior points in terms of the compromise solutions is presented. In this characterization, the compromise solutions depend continuously on the weights. Use of the maximum norm is studied also. It is shown that a subset of these max-norm solutions, obtained by taking certain limits of compromise solutions, is dense and contained in the closure of the set of noninferior points.     

An Iterative Analytical Theory in the Mechanics of Layered Composite Systems

An iterative analytical theory in the mechanics of layered composite systems is developed. The prehistory of the nonclassical theory of layered systems is presented. The division of this theory into two principal directions - discrete-structural and continuous-structural - is mentioned. The basic iterative Ambartsumyan theory, which belongs to the second direction, is described. The formation of the generalized iteration theory of first approximation is shown. In this theory, the disagreement between the kinematic and static models is removed, i.e., a generalization of these models is realized. The theory of second approximation is described. An iterative principle is presented for the formation of a higher-approximation nonclassical theory. Based on this principle, theories of anisotropic composite shallow shells, plates, and beams are formulated. Comparative calculation results for different layered composite systems are presented.