Embedding the Vasicek model into the Cox–Ingersoll–Ross model

The Cox–Ingersoll–Ross (CIR) model and the Vasicek model are two well‐known single factor models of the interest spot rate. In this paper, we construct a mapping by means of which the price of a zero‐coupon bond in the CIR model may be obtained from a corresponding price in the Vasicek model. We use symmetry analysis to construct this mapping and verify it by transforming three arbitrary solutions of the pricing equation in the Vasicek model into solutions of the corresponding equation in the CIR model. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

利率衍生品定价可行性模型

众所周知,Vasicek短期利率模型,由于可取负的利率,使得利率衍生物定价计算具有不稳定现象,并引起业界对它的定价的可信度产生怀疑.该文指出只需以息票作为新的计价单位（Benchmark）,利率衍生物定价计算不稳定现象就可避免,为了说明定价的可行性,将在随机利率条件下以欧式看涨期权为例,通过数值方法对Vasicek和CIR这两类利率模型衍生物定价的误差进行分析.     

Using Utility Functions to Model Risky Bonds

This paper prices defaultable bonds by incorporating inherent risks with the use of utility functions. By allowing risk preferences into the valuation of bonds, nonlinearity is introduced in their pricing. The utility‐function approach affords the advantage of yielding exact solutions to the risky bond pricing equation when familiar stochastic models are used for interest rates. This can be achieved even when the default probability parameter is itself a stochastic variable. Valuations are found for the power‐law and log utility functions under the interest‐rate dynamics of the extended Vasicek and CIR models.     

PRICING EUROPEAN OPTION IN A DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL JUMP-DIFFUSION MODEL WITH TWO MARKET STRUCTURE RISKS AND ITS COMPARISONS

Using Fourier inversion transform, P.D.E. and Feynman-Kac formula, the closedform solution for price on European call option is given in a double exponential jump-diffusion model with two different market structure risks that there exist CIR stochastic volatility of stock return and Vasicek or CIR stochastic interest rate in the market. In the end, the result of the model in the paper is compared with those in other models, including BS model with numerical experiment. These results show that the double exponential jump-diffusion model with CIR-market structure risks is suitable for modelling the real-market changes and very useful.     

Calibration of the default probability model

In this paper, we study the calibration problem for the Merton–Vasicek default probability model [Robert Merton, On the pricing of corporate debt: the risk structure of interest rate, Journal of Finance 29 (1974) 449–470]. We derive conditions that guarantee existence and uniqueness of the solution. Using analytical properties of the model, we propose a fast calibration procedure for the conditional default probability model in the integrated market and credit risk framework. Our solution allows one to avoid numerical integration problems as well as problems related to the numerical solution of the nonlinear equations.     

Optimal management of DC pension plan in a stochastic interest rate and stochastic volatility framework

This paper investigates an optimal investment strategy of DC pension plan in a stochastic interest rate and stochastic volatility framework. We apply an affine model including the Cox–Ingersoll–Ross (CIR) model and the Vasicek mode to characterize the interest rate while the stock price is given by the Heston’s stochastic volatility (SV) model. The pension manager can invest in cash, bond and stock in the financial market. Thus, the wealth of the pension fund is influenced by the financial risks in the market and the stochastic contribution from the fund participant. The goal of the fund manager is, coping with the contribution rate, to maximize the expectation of the constant relative risk aversion (CRRA) utility of the terminal value of the pension fund over a guarantee which serves as an annuity after retirement. We first transform the problem into a single investment problem, then derive an explicit solution via the stochastic programming method. Finally, the numerical analysis is given to show the impact of financial parameters on the optimal strategies.     

混合分数布朗运动下分离交易可转债的定价

在假定股票价格由混合分数布朗运动驱动,且市场利率服从Vasicek过程的条件下,建立了分离交易可转债定价的金融市场偏微分方程．通过求解偏微分方程、并利用无套利定价原理得到了分离交易可转债定价的显示解.     

Vasicek利率模型下带有零息票债券的投资-消费模型

应用随机最优控制理论研究Vasicek利率模型下的投资-消费问题,其中假设无风险利率是服从Vasicek利率模型的随机过程,且与股票价格过程存在一般相关性.假设金融市场由一种无风险资产、一种风险资产和一种零息票债券所构成,投资者的目标是最大化中期消费与终端财富的期望贴现效用.应用变量替换方法得到了幂效用下最优投资-消费策略的显示表达式,并分析了最优投资-消费策略对市场参数的灵敏度.     

基于市场债券报价的利率模型参数估计与比较

分别基于短期利率期限结构延拓Vasicek与CIR模型,提出了一种有效的正则化参数估计计算方法.方法将通过当前交易市场中不同期限的零息债券市场报价来实现对于时间函数的参数估计.数值试验表明了参数估计方法的稳定性.     

Option pricing under joint dynamics of interest rates, dividends, and stock prices

This paper proposes a unified framework for option pricing, which integrates the stochastic dynamics of interest rates, dividends, and stock prices under the transversality condition. Using the Vasicek model for the spot rate dynamics, I compare the framework with two existing option pricing models. The main implication is that the stochastic spot rate affects options not only directly but also via an endogenously determined dividend yield and return volatility; consequently, call prices can be decreasing with respect to interest rates.     

具有复合泊松损失和随机利率的巨灾期权定价

分析了带有复合泊松损失过程和随机利率的巨灾看跌期权的定价问题.资产价格通过跳扩散过程刻画,该过程与损失过程相关.当利率过程服从CIR模型时,获得了期权定价的显式解,并给出相关证明.通过一个实例,讨论了资产价格与期权价格的关系.     

Pricing Variance Swaps in a Hybrid Model of Stochastic Volatility and Interest Rate with Regime-Switching

In this paper, we consider the problem of pricing discretely-sampled variance swaps based on a hybrid model of stochastic volatility and stochastic interest rate with regime-switching. Our modeling framework extends the Heston stochastic volatility model by including the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross (CIR) stochastic interest rate model. In addition, certain model parameters in our model switch according to a continuous-time observable Markov chain process. This enables our model to capture several macroeconomic issues such as alternating business cycles. A semi-closed form pricing formula for variance swaps is derived. The pricing formula is assessed through numerical implementation, where we validate our pricing formula against the Monte Carlo simulation. The impact of incorporating regime-switching for pricing variance swaps is also discussed, where variance swaps prices with and without regime-switching effects are examined in our model. We also explore the economic consequence for the prices of variance swaps by allowing the Heston-CIR model to switch across three different regimes.     

基于双因子CIR强度式定价的信用债券投资组合优化

信用风险和利率风险是相互关联影响的。资产组合优化不能将这两种风险单独考虑或简单的相加,应该进行整体的风险控制,不然会造成投资风险的低估。本文的主要工作:一是在强度式定价模型的框架下,分别利用CIR随机利率模型刻画利率风险因素“无风险利率”和信用风险因素“违约强度”的随机动态变化,衡量在两类风险共同影响下信用债券的市场价值,从而构建CRRA型投资效用函数。以CRRA型投资效用函数最大化作为目标函数,同时控制利率和信用两类风险。弥补了现有研究中仅单独考虑信用风险或利率风险、无法对两种风险进行整体控制的弊端。二是将无风险利率作为影响违约强度的一个因子,利用“无风险利率因子”和“纯信用因子”的双因子CIR模型拟合违约强度,考虑了市场利率变化对于债券违约强度的影响,反映两种风险的相关性。使得投资组合模型中既同时考虑了信用风险和利率风险、又考虑了两种风险的交互影响。避免在优化资产组合时忽略两种风险间相关性、可能造成风险低估的问题。     

Pricing catastrophe options with counterparty credit risk in a reduced form model

In this paper, we study the price of catastrophe options with counterparty credit risk in a reduced form model. We assume that the loss process is generated by a doubly stochastic Poisson process, the share price process is modeled through a jump-diffusion process which is correlated to the loss process, the interest rate process and the default intensity process are modeled through the Vasicek model. We derive the closed form formulae for pricing catastrophe options in a reduced form model. Furthermore, we make some numerical analysis on the explicit formulae.     

Computation and analysis for a constrained entropy optimization problem in finance

In [T. Coleman, C. He, Y. Li, Calibrating volatility function bounds for an uncertain volatility model, Journal of Computational Finance (2006) (submitted for publication)], an entropy minimization formulation has been proposed to calibrate an uncertain volatility option pricing model (UVM) from market bid and ask prices. To avoid potential infeasibility due to numerical error, a quadratic penalty function approach is applied. In this paper, we show that the solution to the quadratic penalty problem can be obtained by minimizing an objective function which can be evaluated via solving a Hamilton–Jacobian–Bellman (HJB) equation. We prove that the implicit finite difference solution of this HJB equation converges to its viscosity solution. In addition, we provide computational examples illustrating accuracy of calibration.     

基于分数维Vasicek利率模型的CDS定价

本文研究CDS的定价问题, 其中涉及到利率风险和传染风险. 文中用分数维Vasicek利率模型刻画利率风险, 对公司的违约强度进行建模, 给出了违约与利率相关时风险债券的价格, 并在此基础上得到CDS的价格.     

Vasiek利率模型下的亚式期权的定价问题和数值分析

本文研究了随机利率满足Vasiek模型时带有浮动的敲定价格的欧式看涨亚式期权的定价问题.通过对所涉及的退化的抛物型方程的Cauchy问题进行变量代换,我们把状态空间的维数降低了一维.为克服其中的奇异性问题,本文对方程进行了分解,第一部分的方程虽然保持奇性,但是其解具有一个精确表达式;而残差部分满足系数和初始条件都充分光滑的Cauchy问题,我们运用一般的差分方法对该部分进行了有效的数值计算。     

Approximate analytical solution for the Zakharov–Kuznetsov equations with fully nonlinear dispersion

In this paper, variational iteration method (VIM) is used to obtain numerical and analytical solutions for the Zakharov–Kuznetsov equations with fully nonlinear dispersion. Comparisons with exact solution show that the VIM is a powerful method for the solution of nonlinear equations.     

随机利率下服从分数O-U过程的欧式幂期权定价

该文考虑了利率和标的资产价格的随机性和均值回复行为,把扩展的Vasick模型和分数O-U过程进行组合,在随机利率环境下,研究了标的资产价格服从分数O-U过程的两类欧式幂期权定价问题,得到相应的定价公式,并给出了欧式幂期权的看涨.看跌平价关系.