On implication in MV-algebras

In [1], the authors introduced the notion of a weak implication algebra, which reflects properties of implication in MV-algebras, and demonstrated that the class of weak implication algebras is definitionally equivalent to the class of upper semilattices whose principal filters are compatible MV-algebras. It is easily seen that weak implication algebras are just duals of commutative BCK-algebras. We show here that most results of [1] are, in fact, immediate consequences of two well-known facts: (i) a bounded commutative BCK-algebra possesses a natural upper semilattice structure, (ii) the class of MV-algebras and that of bounded commutative BCK-algebras are definitionally equivalent. Presented by I. Hodkinson. Received November 11, 2005; accepted in final form November 26, 2005.     

BCK-代数的模糊代数理想

在有界可换BCK-代数上引入了Fuzzy代数理想的概念，给出了Fuzzy代数理想的某些特征，讨论了Fuzzy理想与Fuzzy代数理想的关系。最后描述了全体Fuzzy集的BCK-代数特征。     

关于模糊质BCK-滤子

建立了模糊质 BCK-滤子定理 :设 X是一个有界可换 BCK-代数 ,F是 X的一个真模糊 BCK-滤子 ,并且 f ( 1 )是 X的一个∨ -封闭的模糊集 .如果 F≤ f且 M={μ∈ FF(X) |F≤μ≤f}则 M包含一个关于≤的极大元 P满足 (1 ) P是一个质模糊 BCK-滤子 ,(2 ) F≤ P≤f .     

Cyclic Elements in MV-Algebras and Post Algebras

In this paper we characterize the MV-algebras containing as subalgebras Post algebras of finitely many orders. For this we study cyclic elements in MV-algebras which are the generators of the fundamental chain of the Post algebras. Mathematics Subject Classification: 03G20, 03G25, 06D25, 06D30, 06F15, 06F35.     

关于BCK-代数的模糊理想和超积

通过使用超滤子的概念以及所讨论的模糊理想的相应性质,提出了超积BCK-代数和BCK-代数模糊子集的模糊超积.     

Fuzzy Order Filters in Adjoint Semigroups of BCK-Algebras

In this paper, we introduce the notion of fuzzy order filters in adjoint semigroups of BCK-algebras. We prove that there is a bijection between the fuzzy ideals of BCK-algebras X and the fuzzy order filters in the adjoint semigroup M(X) of X.AMS Subject Classification (2000) 06F35 03G25 20M10     

赋范BCK-代数(英文)

引入了BCK-代数的范数与距离的概念,给出了赋范BCK-代数的一些基本性质,证明了赋范BCK-代数的同构(同态)像和原像仍是赋范BCK-代数,研究了BCK-代数与BCK-代数笛卡儿之间的赋范性质关系.并且引入了赋范BCK-代数的点列极限概念,研究了极限的相关性质.讨论了有界赋范BCK-代数的与模糊BCK-代数的关系.     

MV-algebras with operators (the commutative and the non-commutative case)

In the present paper we define the (pseudo) MV-algebras with n-ary operators, generalizing MV-modules and product MV-algebras. Our main results assert that there are bijective correspondences between the operators defined on a pseudo MV-algebra and the operators defined on the corresponding ℓ-group. We also provide a categorical framework and we prove the analogue of Mundici's categorical equivalence between MV-algebras and abelian ℓ-groups with strong unit. Thus, the category of pseudo MV-algebras with operators is equivalent to some category of ℓ-groups with operators.     

On Prime Submodules of a Finitely Generated Free Module Over a Commutative Ring

In this article, we give a full characterization of prime submodules of a finitely generated free module F over a commutative ring R with identity. Also we study the existence of primary decomposition of a submodule of F and characterize the minimal primary decomposition of this submodule. We also describe the structure of prime submodules of a module over a Dedekind domain.     

Decomposition of ℓ-group-valued measures

We deal with decomposition theorems for modular measures µ: L → G defined on a D-lattice with values in a Dedekind complete ?-group. Using the celebrated band decomposition theorem of Riesz in Dedekind complete ?-groups, several decomposition theorems including the Lebesgue decomposition theorem, the Hewitt-Yosida decomposition theorem and the Alexandroff decomposition theorem are derived. Our main result—also based on the band decomposition theorem of Riesz—is the Hammer-Sobczyk decomposition for ?-group-valued modular measures on D-lattices. Recall that D-lattices (or equivalently lattice ordered effect algebras) are a common generalization of orthomodular lattices and of MV-algebras, and therefore of Boolean algebras. If L is an MV-algebra, in particular if L is a Boolean algebra, then the modular measures on L are exactly the finitely additive measures in the usual sense, and thus our results contain results for finitely additive G-valued measures defined on Boolean algebras.     

一类有限BCK－代数的序结构

我们在本文中引进了ＢＣＫ－代数的主子代数的概念并证明了关于子代数格的若干结果．作为应用我们给出了ｎ阶ｎ—２型ＢＣＫ－代数的序结构的特征．     

On the Adjoint Monoids of Implicative BCK-algebras

We give some semigroup characterizations for implicative BCK-algebras, and prove that the adjoint semigroups of implicative BCK-algebras are residualed semigroups.AMS Subject Classification (2000): 03G25, 06F35     

MV-semirings and their Sheaf Representations

In this paper we show that the classes of MV-algebras and MV-semirings are isomorphic as categories. This approach allows one to keep the inspiration and use new tools from semiring theory to analyze the class of MV-algebras. We present a representation of MV-semirings by MV-semirings of continuous sections in a sheaf of commutative semirings whose stalks are localizations of MV-semirings over prime ideals. Using the categorical equivalence, we obtain a representation of MV-algebras.     

A description of <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-ary semigroups polynomial-derived from integral domains

We provide a complete classification of the n-ary semigroup structures defined by polynomial functions over infinite commutative integral domains with identity, thus generalizing Głazek and Gleichgewicht’s classification of the corresponding ternary semigroups.     

A generating function of higher-dimensional Apostol-Zagier sums and its reciprocity law

We introduce higher-dimensional Dedekind sums with a complex parameter z, generalizing Zagier's higher-dimensional Dedekind sums. The sums tend to Zagier's higher-dimensional Dedekind sums as z→∞. We show that the sums turn out to be generating functions of higher-dimensional Apostol-Zagier sums which are defined to be hybrids of Apostol's sums and Zagier's sums. We prove reciprocity law for the sums. The new reciprocity law includes reciprocity formulas for both Apostol and Zagier's sums as its special case. Furthermore, as its application we obtain relations between special values of Hurwitz zeta function and Bernoulli numbers, as well as new trigonometric identities.     

Representation theory of MV-algebras

In this paper we develop a general representation theory for MV-algebras. We furnish the appropriate categorical background to study this problem. Our guide line is the theory of classifying topoi of coherent extensions of universal algebra theories. Our main result corresponds, in the case of MV-algebras and MV-chains, to the representation of commutative rings with unit as rings of global sections of sheaves of local rings. We prove that any MV-algebra is isomorphic to the MV-algebra of all global sections of a sheaf of MV-chains on a compact topological space. This result is intimately related to McNaughton’s theorem, and we explain why our representation theorem can be viewed as a vast generalization of McNaughton’s theorem. In spite of the language used in this abstract, we have written this paper in the hope that it can be read by experts in MV-algebras but not in sheaf theory, and conversely.     

States on commutative basic algebras

The paper deals with states on commutative basic algebras that are a non-associative generalization of MV-algebras or, in other words, the algebraic semantics for a fuzzy logic which generalizes the ?ukasiewicz logic in that the conjunction is not associative. States are defined in the same way as Mundici's states on MV-algebras as normalized finitely additive [0,1]-valued functions, and some results analogous to the results that are known from MV-algebras are proved.     

Strongly stable rank and applications to matrix completion

We perform an in-depth study of strongly stable ranks of modules over a commutative ring. Here we define the strongly stable rank of a module to be the supremum of the stable ranks of its finitely generated submodules. As an application, we give non-Noetherian generalizations of known facts about outer products and matrix completions over PIRs and Dedekind domains. We construct Noetherian and non-Noetherian domains of arbitrary strongly stable rank. We also consider strongly n-generated ideals, and we characterize the rings in which every ideal is strongly 2-generated and the domains in which every ideal is strongly 3-generated.     

Algebras in the Positive Cone of po-Groups

We systemize a number of algebras that are especially known in the field of quantum structures and that in particular arise from the positive cones of partially ordered groups. Generalized effect algebras, generalized difference posets, cone algebras, commutative BCK-algebras with the relative cancellation property, and positive minimal clans are included in the text.All these structures are conveniently characterizable as special cases of generalized pseudoeffect algebras, which we introduced in a previous paper. We establish the exact relations between all mentioned structures, thereby adding new structures whenever necessary to make the scheme of order complete.Generalized pseudoeffect algebras were under certain conditions proved to be representable by means of a po-group. From this fact, we will easily establish representation theorems for all of the structures included in discussion.     

Complete Commutative Basic Algebras

By a basic algebra is meant an MV-like algebra (A, ⊕, ¬, 0) of type 〈2, 1, 0〉 derived in a natural way from bounded lattices having antitone involutions on their principal filters. In the previous paper (Botur and Hala?, Mult. Valued Log. Soft Comp., 2007) we have shown that finite basic algebras for which the operation ⊕ is commutative are MV-algebras. In this paper we generalize this result by considering commutative basic algebras for which the underlying lattice is complete.