求解一维侧边热传导方程反问题的正则化方法

研究了一维侧边热传导方程反问题.在求解一维侧边热传导方程的基础上,利用数值积分法进行离散化处理,然后引入正则化方法,采用偏差原理确定正则化参数,从而得到一维侧边热传导方程反问题的数值解.数值模拟结果表明,给出的正则化方法对于求解一维侧边热传导方程反问题是可行有效的.     

非线性热传方程的相似解

文[1]研究了非线性热传导方程的波动解,即相似变量ξ为波动变量(ξ=a+bx+ct)的情形,并规定热传导系数也只是ξ的函数。本文抛弃了这些限制条件,从更加普遍的角度去研究非线性热传导方程的相似性解。     

考虑非傅立叶效应的瞬态导热过程的波动响应分析

瞬态导热分析需要考虑非傅立叶效应.通过对抛物型及双曲型热传导方程,以及耦合热传导方程后的波动方程的数值求解,研究了非傅立叶效应下导热过程中的波动响应.结果表明,双曲型热传导过程具有明显的波动特性,所引起的波动响应前沿值成倍提高,且呈现显著的跃变行为,而波动峰值外的部位围绕着初始值小幅波动.     

曲面平滑的自适应几何扩散

1.引 言 本文的目的是用求解偏微分方程（PDE）的方法来消除离散三角形曲面的噪声,所使用的方程是热传导方程到曲面的推广.热传导方程应用于图像处理已有二十余年的历史,有关参考文献相当丰富（见[1,11,12,19]）.众所周知,对于给定的初始图像ρ0,热传导方程　　在τ时刻的解与用Gauss滤波器Gσ（x）=　（当标准差σ=2τ,时）和ρ0作卷积的结果相同.容易看出Gρ和ρ0的卷积运算相当于对ρ0做加权平均,当标准离差σ变大时,该加权平均在一个较大的范围实现,这解释了热传导方程的滤波作用.近来热传导方程已推广到空间曲面[4,5]以及高维空间中的二维流形（见[3]）,对     

求解一般抛物方程侧边值问题的具H■lder连续性的Fourier正则化方法

逆热传导问题是严重不适定问题,它的解如果存在,其解将不连续依赖于定解数据,使得数值计算和理论分析都非常困难.但目前关于逆热传导问题的已有文献大都主要集中于讨论由标准热传导方程所描述的问题.该文给出了一种适用于由一般一维抛物方程所描述的逆热传导问题且具有Ho。lder连续性的Fourier正则化新方法.     

求解一般抛物方程侧边值问题的Fourier正则化方法

逆热传导问题是严重不适定问题,它的解如果存在,其解将不连续依赖于定解数据,使得数值计算和理论分析都非常困难。但目前关于逆热传导问题的已有文 献大都主要集中于讨论由标准热传导方程所描述的问题。该文给出了一种适用于由一般一维抛物方程所描述的逆热传导问题且具有Holder连续性的Fourier正则化新方法。     

二维磁Bénard方程的热传导系数消失极限

本文主要研究二维磁Bénard方程初边值问题的热传导系数消失极限,得到解的收敛速度和边界层的宽度估计,证明当热传导系数趋向于0时,原方程的解在内部区域(远离边界层)一致收敛到极限方程的解.     

二维热传导型半导体问题的一个二阶格式

热传导型半导体器件瞬态问题的数学模型由四个拟线性偏微分方程所组成的方程组的初边值问题来描述。其中电子位势方程是椭圆型的,电子和空穴浓度方程是对流扩散型的,温度方程为热传导型的。本文对二维热传导型半导体的一类混合初边值问题利用降阶法给出了一个二阶差分格式,并对其进行了详细的理论分析,得到了离散的犾２ 误差估计结果。     

非线性热传导方程的几类精确解

通过引入恰当的试探函数,将非线性热传导方程化为易于求解的常微分方程组并对其求解,进而得到非线性热传导方程的孤波解、奇异行波解、三角函数周期波解等一些不同形式的行波解.     

关于热传导方程Neumann问题的稳定性

众所周知,热传导问题是一个典型的数学物理问题,在偏微分方程数值解法的许多著作(如[1],[2],[3],[4])中,均以热传导方程作为典型问题分析各种差分格式的收敛性和稳定性,然而一般均考虑第一类边界条件,关于热传导方程Neumann问题的稳定性的讨论却所见甚少。     

On the distributions of the ratios of the extreme roots to the trace of the Wishart matrix

In this paper, the authors cosider the derivation of the exact distributions of the ratios of the extreme roots to the trace of the Wishart matrix. Also, exact percentage points of these distributions are given and their applications are discussed.     

On the comparison between the APV and the NPV computed via the WACC

The valuation of levered investment in the practice is made with the WACC approach, even if the superior technique of the APV is available. The paper shows that the APV can be interpreted as the arbitrage free value of the portfolio made by an investment and a supporting loan. Therefore the WACC evaluation, generally different from the APV, allows for arbitrage. We provide various conditions which completely characterize the sign of the error as a functions of all the variables entering the model.     

用常微分方程模型分析预防和隔离措施对SARS发病率的影响

通过建立常微分方程模型 ,分析了预防和隔离措施对 SARS发病率的影响 ,并把计算结果与实际统计数据进行了比较 ,结果表明 ,及时高效的预防和隔离措施能够有效地控制 SARS的传播 .     

From the neutrino to the edge of the universe

Two recent findings necessitate a closer look at the existing standard models of particle physics and cosmology. These are the discovery of neutrino oscillation, and hence a non-zero mass on the one hand and, on the other, observations of distant supernovae which indicate that contrary to popular belief, the universe would continue to expand for ever, possibly accelerating in the process. In this paper it is pointed out that relatively recent studies which indicate a stochastic, quantum vacuum underpinning and a fractal structure for space time, reconcile both of the recent observations, harmoniously.     

On the Gap in the Spectrum of the Translations

The spectrum of the translations in local quantum field theory will be analyzed in order to show that in a positive energy representation without vacuum vector and with lowest mass m₁ there is no gap in the spectrum which is larger than 2m₁. In particular in a zero mass representation there is no hole at all. These results are obtained with methods of analytic functions of several complex variables.     

From the subalgebras of the square to the discriminator

Presented by A. F. Pixley.     

On the Decomposition of the Riesz Operator and the Expansion of the Riesz Semigroup

For a Riesz operator T on a reflexive Banach space X with nonzero eigenvalues denote by E(λ_i; T) the eigen-projection corresponding to an eigenvalue λ_i. In this paper we will show that if the operator sequence is uniformly bounded, then the Riesz operator T can be decomposed into the sum of two operators T_p and T_r: T = T_p + T_r, where T_p is the weak limit of T_n and T_r is quasi-nilpotent. The result is used to obtain an expansion of a Riesz semigroup T(t) for t ≥ τ. As an application, we consider the solution of transport equation on a bounded convex body.     

On the rational approximation of the sum of the reciprocals of the Fermat numbers

Let $\mathcal{G}(z):=\sum_{n\geqslant0} z^{2^{n}}(1-z^{2^{n}})^{-1}$ denote the generating function of the ruler function, and $\mathcal {F}(z):=\sum_{n\geqslant} z^{2^{n}}(1+z^{2^{n}})^{-1}$ ; note that the special value $\mathcal{F}(1/2)$ is the sum of the reciprocals of the Fermat numbers $F_{n}:=2^{2^{n}}+1$ . The functions $\mathcal{F}(z)$ and $\mathcal{G}(z)$ as well as their special values have been studied by Mahler, Golomb, Schwarz, and Duverney; it is known that the numbers $\mathcal {F}(\alpha)$ and $\mathcal{G}(\alpha)$ are transcendental for all algebraic numbers α which satisfy 0<α<1. For a sequence u, denote the Hankel matrix $H_{n}^{p}(\mathbf {u}):=(u({p+i+j-2}))_{1\leqslant i,j\leqslant n}$ . Let α be a real number. The irrationality exponent μ(α) is defined as the supremum of the set of real numbers μ such that the inequality |α?p/q|<q ^?μ has infinitely many solutions (p,q)∈?×?. In this paper, we first prove that the determinants of $H_{n}^{1}(\mathbf {g})$ and $H_{n}^{1}(\mathbf{f})$ are nonzero for every n?1. We then use this result to prove that for b?2 the irrationality exponents $\mu(\mathcal{F}(1/b))$ and $\mu(\mathcal{G}(1/b))$ are equal to 2; in particular, the irrationality exponent of the sum of the reciprocals of the Fermat numbers is 2.