固定效应部分线性可加面板数据模型的惩罚二次推断估计

具有较强解释力和灵活性的部分线性可加面板数据模型在各学科领域应用广泛.针对个体内存在相关结构的固定效应部分线性可加面板数据模型,本文在结合幂样条函数和最小二乘虚拟变量(LSDV)法的基础上,利用惩罚二次推断函数(PQIF)法对模型进行估计,在一定的正则条件下,证明了参数估计的渐近正态性和非参数估计的收敛性,Monte Carlo数值模拟显示所述估计方法具有良好的有限样本表现,同时,我们还将估计技术应用于实际数据分析中.     

动态面板数据的自适应惩罚分位回归方法研究

传统均值角度下研究的动态面板数据模型会受经典假设条件的约束,将动态面板数据与分位回归数模型相结合,不仅可以解决约束问题,而且能更加全面地描述响应变量条件分布的全貌.文章引入自适应惩罚项,并应用工具变量构造了自适应惩罚的动态面板分位回归方法,证明了该方法得到的估计量具有大样本性质.同时蒙特卡洛模拟结果表明自适应惩罚的方法相较于传统的方法更加有效.文章最后对中国大中城市商品房销售价格与各地人均国民生产总值的关系进行案例分析,发现两者之间存在正反馈机制.     

动态变系数回归模型的识别与非参数GMM估计

主要研究关于面板数据的有限阶固定效应的动态变系数回归模型(简称FDVCM)的统计推断问题.基于B-样条函数和广义矩估计(简称GMM)方法,首先建立了未知系数函数的非参数GMM估计,并证明大样本情形下该估计达到最优非参数收敛速度且具有渐近正态性质.然而实际问题中模型的动态阶数完全未知,也可能存在其它冗余的回归变量,文中借助文[Fan J,Li R.Variable selection via penalized likelihood and its oracle properties.Journal of the American Statistical Association,2001,96(456):1348-1360]中的smoothly clipped absolute deviation(简称SCAD)惩罚函数同时识别真实的动态阶数和显著的外生回归变量.同时建立了压缩估计的Oracle性质,即所识别的模型与真实模型中的参数估计具有相同的渐近分布.最后,无论是数值试验还是实例数据分析都验证了本文方法的合理性和可行性.     

混合形式的变系数空间面板数据模型:一个多阶段估计

当前对空间面板数据模型的研究主要集中在常系数模型上,但这类模型无法完全体现出空间异质性。本文建立变系数的空间面板数据模型,这类模型的特点是自变量系数是固定在时期上,同一时期的所有空间个体的自变量系数是相同的,而不同时期的自变量系数则会发生变化,不同时期的方程通过误差项的跨期相关性联系起来而形成SUR系统。在对模型进行一定设定的基础上,本文提出了一个四阶段估计,证明了参数估计量的一致性,并利用Monte Carlo方法对估计量进行了模拟。     

空间半参数变系数部分线性回归中的分位数估计

本文研究了空间数据变系数部分线性回归中的分位数估计. 模型中的参数估计量通过未知系数函数的分段多项式逼近得到, 而未知系数函数的估计量通过将参数估计量代入模型中并通过局部线性逼近得到. 文中推导了未知参数向量估计量的渐近分布, 并建立了未知系数函数估计量在内点及边界点的渐近分布. 通过Monte Carlo 模拟研究了估计量的有限样本性质.     

基于SaRa的面板数据回归模型结构变点估计

面板数据的变点分析是计量经济学的热门研究课题之一,在金融、医学、质量控制、气象等领域也有着广泛的应用.基于一种快速局部算法SaRa (Screening and Ranking algorithm)研究了面板数据回归模型的结构变点估计问题.首先基于回归系数的估计量建立局部统计量,筛选出可能的变点.其次构造自适应阈值来筛选出最终的变点,并且证明了变点估计量的一致性.Monte Carlo模拟结果显示,当解释变量为外生变量或内生变量,误差项存在序列相关或异方差,提出的方法都能较准确地估计出变点的个数及位置.最后利用该方法分析世界24个低收入和高收入国家自然人口增长率和国际移民存量对人口增长率的影响,说明了方法的有效性.     

因变量缺失下变系数部分线性测量误差模型的变量选择

主要研究因变量存在缺失且协变量部分包含测量误差情形下,如何对变系数部分线性模型同时进行参数估计和变量选择.我们利用插补方法来处理缺失数据,并结合修正的profile最小二乘估计和SCAD惩罚对参数进行估计和变量选择.并且证明所得的估计具有渐近正态性和Oracle性质.通过数值模拟进一步研究所得估计的有限样本性质.     

因变量缺失下部分线性变系数模型的稳健估计

本文讨论因变量缺失下部分线性变系数模型在误差项和解释变量都含有异常点时的稳健估计问题。首先用局部加权线性光滑方法得到非参数部分的稳健估计,然后再得到参数部分的估计,并证明参数和非参数估计量的渐近正态性。最后模拟研究有限样本下估计量的表现。     

广义线性度量误差模型

在线性度量误差模型中, 需要假设所有变量的观测值都含有未知度量误差\bd 因而 该模型不适用于一部分变量的观测值含有度量误差、而另一部分变量的观测值可精 确得到的情况\bd 为此, 本文提出了广义函数、结构和超结构关系线性度量误差模 型\bd 进一步, 这里还讨论了这些广义线性度量误差模型中参数的最小二乘和极大 似然估计方法, 给出了参数估计的表达式     

面板数据下序贯模型变点的渐近检验法

本文研究了面板数据模型下变点是否存在的检验问题.对于面板序贯模型下的变点,利用构造的检验统计量及其极限分布的方法,获得了关于变点的一种渐近检验法.随后进行Monte-Carlo数值模拟,在模拟中对检验方法的经验检验水平、检验功效以及变点后的停时三个判断标准进行了考察.结果显示无论在理论还是数值模拟上,我们提出的渐近检验法均表现优良.推广了现有文献的关于单序列变点的序贯检验方法.     

Variable selection for single-index varying-coefficient model

We consider the problem of variable selection for single-index varying-coefficient model, and present a regularized variable selection procedure by combining basis function approximations with SCAD penalty. The proposed procedure simultaneously selects significant covariates with functional coefficients and local significant variables with parametric coefficients. With appropriate selection of the tuning parameters, the consistency of the variable selection procedure and the oracle property of the estimators are established. The proposed method can naturally be applied to deal with pure single-index model and varying-coefficient model. Finite sample performances of the proposed method are illustrated by a simulation study and the real data analysis.     

哈尔滨市冬季PM_(2.5)与影响要素的相关分析

运用相关性分析方法,研究哈尔滨市PM_(2.5)质量浓度与主要空气污染物及气象因素之间的相关关系.建立PM_(2.5)与影响其质量浓度变化的因素的单因变量的偏最小二乘回归分析(PLS1)模型,模型拟合良好,由模型知CO是导致PM_(2.5)质量浓度升高的主要因素.运用通径分析方法,研究解释变量对因变量的直接影响、通过其他解释变量对因变量的间接影响以及各解释变量的对因变量的协同作用.结果表明,各解释变量对PM_(2.5)质量浓度变化的总作用从大到小依次为:CO、PM_(10)、NO_2、风速、湿度、SO_2.     

Functional semiparametric partially linear model with autoregressive errors

In this paper, we introduce a functional semiparametric model, where a real-valued random variable is explained by the sum of a unknown linear combination of the components of a multivariate random variable and an unknown transformation of a functional random variable. The errors can be autocorrelated. We focus here on the parametric estimation of the coefficients in the linear combination. First, we use a nonparametric kernel method to remove the effect of the functional explanatory variable. Then, we use generalized least squares approach to obtain an estimator of these coefficients. Under some technical assumptions, we prove consistency and asymptotic normality of our estimator. Finally, we present Monte Carlo simulations that illustrate these characteristics.     

Parameter Estimation of Multivariate Regression Model with Fuzzy Random Errors

In many real-world problems, observations are usually described by approximate values due to fuzzy uncertainty, unlikeprobabilistic uncertainty that has nothing to do with experimentation. The combination of statistical model and fuzzy set theory is helpful to improve the identification and analysis of complex systems. As an extension ofstatistical techniques, this study is an investigation of the relationship between fuzzy multiple explanatory variables and fuzzy response with numeric coefficients and the fuzzy random error term. In this work we describe a parameter estimation procedure carrying out the least-squares method in a complete metric space of fuzzy numbers to determine the coefficients based on the extension principle. We demonstrate how the fuzzy least squares estimators present large sample statistical properties, including asymptotic normality, strong consistency and confidence region. The estimators are also examined via asymptotic relative efficiency concerning traditional least squares estimators. Different from the construction of error term in Kim et al.\cite{21}, it is more reasonable in the proposed model since the problems of inconsistency in referring to fuzzy variable and producing the negative spreads may be avoided. The experimental study verifies that the proposed fuzzy least squares estimators achieve the meaning consistent with the theory identification for large sample data set and better generalization regarding one single variable model.     

Model detection and variable selection for varying coefficient models with longitudinal data

In this paper, we consider the problem of variable selection and model detection in varying coefficient models with longitudinal data. We propose a combined penalization procedure to select the significant variables, detect the true structure of the model and estimate the unknown regression coefficients simultaneously. With appropriate selection of the tuning parameters, we show that the proposed procedure is consistent in both variable selection and the separation of varying and constant coefficients, and the penalized estimators have the oracle property. Finite sample performances of the proposed method are illustrated by some simulation studies and the real data analysis.     

面板数据分位数回归模型的参数估计与变量选择

本文研究了基于面板数据的分位数回归模型的变量选择问题.通过增加改进的自适应Lasso惩罚项,同时实现了固定效应面板数据的分位数回归和变量选择,得到了模型中参数的选择相合性和渐近正态性.随机模拟验证了该方法的有效性.推广了文献[14]的结论.     

‘Model selection for generalized linear models with factor‐augmented predictors’

This paper considers generalized linear models in a data‐rich environment in which a large number of potentially useful explanatory variables are available. In particular, it deals with the case that the sample size and the number of explanatory variables are of similar sizes. We adopt the idea that the relevant information of explanatory variables concerning the dependent variable can be represented by a small number of common factors and investigate the issue of selecting the number of common factors while taking into account the effect of estimated regressors. We develop an information criterion under model mis‐specification for both the distributional and structural assumptions and show that the proposed criterion is a natural extension of the Akaike information criterion (AIC). Simulations and empirical data analysis demonstrate that the proposed new criterion outperforms the AIC and Bayesian information criterion. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Concave group methods for variable selection and estimation in high-dimensional varying coefficient models

The varying-coefficient model is flexible and powerful for modeling the dynamic changes of regression coefficients. We study the problem of variable selection and estimation in this model in the sparse, high-dimensional case. We develop a concave group selection approach for this problem using basis function expansion and study its theoretical and empirical properties. We also apply the group Lasso for variable selection and estimation in this model and study its properties. Under appropriate conditions, we show that the group least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) selects a model whose dimension is comparable to the underlying model, regardless of the large number of unimportant variables. In order to improve the selection results, we show that the group minimax concave penalty (MCP) has the oracle selection property in the sense that it correctly selects important variables with probability converging to one under suitable conditions. By comparison, the group Lasso does not have the oracle selection property. In the simulation parts, we apply the group Lasso and the group MCP. At the same time, the two approaches are evaluated using simulation and demonstrated on a data example.     

2000年厦门港货物吞吐量预测

本文是《厦门港及附近水域交管系统应用研究》课题中关于港口货物吞吐量预测的部分。这一课题已通过专家鉴定。文中应用回归模型预测2000年厦门港货物吞吐量。通过从多个解释变量中选择合适的解释变量，可获得较好的预测结果。其结果说明在应用数学模型预测时，最为关键的是模型、变量和数据三者之间的相互适应，而不在于模型的复杂程度，特别是在历史数据不多的情况下更是如此。     

Estimating Restricted Common Structural Changes for Panel Data

Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series - We consider estimating multiple structural changes occurring at unknown common dates in a panel data regression model with restrictions imposed...