正态-逆Wishart先验下多元线性模型中经验Bayes估计的优良性

在正态-逆Wishart先验下研究了多元线性模型中参数的经验Bayes估计及其优良性问题.当先验分布中含有未知参数时,构造了回归系数矩阵和误差方差矩阵的经验Bayes估计,并在Bayes均方误差(简称BMSE)准则和Bayes均方误差阵(简称BMSEM)准则下,证明了经验Bayes估计优于最小二乘估计.最后,进行了Monte Carlo模拟研究,进一步验证了理论结果.     

线性模型参数向量的近似贝叶斯估计

用线性贝叶斯方法去同时估计线性模型中回归系数和误差方差,并在不知道先验分布具体形式的情况下,得到了线性贝叶斯估计的表达式.在均方误差矩阵准则下,证明了其优于最小二乘估计和极大似然估计.与利用MCMC算法得到的贝叶斯估计相比,线性贝叶斯估计具有显式表达式并且更方便使用.对于几种不同的先验分布,数值模拟结果表明线性贝叶斯估...     

两个半相依回归方程中的Bayes和经验Bayes迭代估计

对由两个不相关的回归方程组成的系统(y1为m维向量,y2为n维向量,m≠n),运用协方差改进技巧,提出回归系数的参数型Bayes和经验Bayes迭代估计序列.证明了Bayes迭代估计的协方差矩阵序列的单调收敛性和Bayes迭代估计序列的一致性.当误差的协方差矩阵未知时,在均方误差准则(MSE)下,证明了经验Bayes迭代估计相对于单个方程的Bayes估计的优越性.这些结果进一步表明了协方差改进方法的有效性.     

非线性模型中的拟似然估计和约束拟似然估计

该文证明了,在非线性回归模型中,若以均方误差或均方误差矩阵为标准,拟似然估计是正则广义拟似然估计类中的最优估计,并讨论了拟得分函数最优性与拟似然估计最优性的关系.为改进拟似然估计,该文提出了一种约束拟似然估计,并证明了约束拟似然估计比拟似然估计有较小的均方误差.     

污染数据情形下线性指数分布参数的经验贝叶斯估计（英文）

本文研究污染数据情形下线性指数分布参数的经验贝叶斯估计问题.在平方损失函数下,导出参数的贝叶斯估计以及利用解卷积的核方法构造该参数的经验贝叶斯估计.在合适的条件下,得到基于超平滑误差分布类所提出的经验贝叶斯估计的一致收敛速度.     

定数截尾下Burr-Ⅻ分布参数贝叶斯估计的混合Gibbs算法

利用混合Gibbs算法(Gibbs抽样与Metropolis算法混合)给出了定数截尾样本场合Burr-Ⅻ分布参数的贝叶斯估计,通过Monte-Carlo模拟,考查贝叶斯估计的均值、均方误差及参数的可信区间,并给出混合Gibbs抽样过程中相应参数的轨迹图、直方图及自相关系数图.结果表明:在定数截尾样本场合,用混合Gibbs算法求Burr-Ⅻ分布参数的贝叶斯估计得到了比较满意的结果,算法可行、稳定、有效.     

混合系数线性模型的几乎无偏岭估计

本文研究了连续测量数据情况下的混合系数线性模型的参数估计问题.利用岭估计方法得到了该模型的几乎无偏岭估计,并证明了在均方误差意义下,几乎无偏岭估计优于岭估计.最后讨论了有偏参数的选取问题.     

不等式约束条件下部分线性回归模型的参数估计

本文研究了不等式约束条件下部分线性回归模型的参数估计问题，利用最优化方法和贝叶斯方法，给出了不等式约束条件下部分线性回归模型的最小二乘核估计和最佳贝叶斯估计，并且证明了在一定条件下，带约束条件的最小二乘核估计在均方误差意义下要优于无约束条件的最小二乘核估计。     

偏正态混合效应模型参数的经验贝叶斯估计

针对偏正态混合效应模型,研究模型固定效应和偏度参数的经验贝叶斯估计问题.首先,基于固定效应和偏度参数的先验分布及贝叶斯法则,给出其后验分布.进而,综合运用极大似然估计方法和MCMC技术,获得固定效应和偏度参数的经验贝叶斯估计及其算法.模拟结果表明,在均方误差意义下,经验贝叶斯估计在大部分情况下优于由Nelder-Mead算法获得的极大似然估计.最后,将经验贝叶斯估计应用于中国长三角城市群人口增长的影响因素分析.     

对Stein的SLS估计的改进研究

提出一类新的估计——c-(K,S)型估计,证明了在均方误差意义下运用泛岭回归技术可以改进S te in的SLS估计,同时给出了参数的最优值满足的条件.     

Empirical Bayes inference for the Weibull model

In this study, the theory of statistical kernel density estimation has been applied for deriving non-parametric kernel prior to the empirical Bayes which frees the Bayesian inference from subjectivity that has worried some statisticians. For comparing the empirical Bayes based on the kernel prior with the fully Bayes based on the informative prior, the mean square error and the mean percentage error for the Weibull model parameters are studied based on these approaches under both symmetric and asymmetric loss functions, via Monte Carlo simulations. The results are quite favorable to the empirical Bayes that provides better estimates and outperforms the fully Bayes for different sample sizes and several values of the true parameters. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the empirical Bayes.     

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Variance related premium principle is one of the most important principles not only in practice applications but also in research field of actuarial science. In this paper, the Bayesian models are established under variance related premium principle. The Bayesian estimate and credibility estimate of risk premium are derived. Furthermore, some statistical properties of estimators are discussed. In the models with multitude contract data, the unbiased consistent estimates of the structure parameters are proposed. Finally, the empirical Bayes estimator are proved to be asymptotically optimal.     

The superiorities of bayes linear unbiased estimator in multivariate linear models

In this article,the Bayes linear unbiased estimator (BALUE) of parameters is derived for the multivariate linear models.The superiorities of the BALUE over the least square estimator (LSE) is studied in terms of the mean square error matrix (MSEM) criterion and Bayesian Pitman closeness (PC) criterion.     

相对损失函数下的倍度保费

传统的倍度保费公式利用均方损失函数估计特定保人的风险. 然而, 索取保费与真实保费之间的比例比它们差的绝对值更适合于衡量保费的公平性. 基于这一点, 我们提出了两种计算保费的损失函数: 均方相对损失函数和熵相对损失函数, 并且给出了倍度因子的估计公式及它们的性质.     

A new approach to the credibility formula

The usual credibility formula holds whenever, (i) claim size distribution is a member of the exponential family of distributions, (ii) prior distribution conjugates with claim size distribution, and (iii) square error loss has been considered. As long as, one of these conditions is violent, the usual credibility formula no longer holds. This article, using the mean square error minimization technique, develops a simple and practical approach to the credibility theory. Namely, we approximate the Bayes estimator with respect to a general loss function and general prior distribution by a convex combination of the observation mean and mean of prior, say, approximate credibility formula. Adjustment of the approximate credibility for several situations and its form for several important losses are given.     

导弹最大射程Bayes估计的分析和改进

本文用验前数据的质量因子及估计的相对均方误差分析了导弹最大射程的一类Ｂａｙｅｓ估计的性能，对不同的质量因子，给出了最佳验前数据量的一种近似公式。针对这类Ｂａｙｅｓ估计的冒进问题，本文对它们进行了改进并得到了一类新的估计。最后，通过ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ法比较了这些估计的相对均方误差，验证了新估计的优良性。     

Chain ladder method: Bayesian bootstrap versus classical bootstrap

The intention of this paper is to estimate a Bayesian distribution-free chain ladder (DFCL) model using approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) methodology. We demonstrate how to estimate quantities of interest in claims reserving and compare the estimates to those obtained from classical and credibility approaches. In this context, a novel numerical procedure utilizing a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique, ABC and a Bayesian bootstrap procedure was developed in a truly distribution-free setting. The ABC methodology arises because we work in a distribution-free setting in which we make no parametric assumptions, meaning we cannot evaluate the likelihood point-wise or in this case simulate directly from the likelihood model. The use of a bootstrap procedure allows us to generate samples from the intractable likelihood without the requirement of distributional assumptions; this is crucial to the ABC framework. The developed methodology is used to obtain the empirical distribution of the DFCL model parameters and the predictive distribution of the outstanding loss liabilities conditional on the observed claims. We then estimate predictive Bayesian capital estimates, the value at risk (VaR) and the mean square error of prediction (MSEP). The latter is compared with the classical bootstrap and credibility methods.     

Quasi-Conjugate Bayes Estimates for GPD Parameters and Application to Heavy Tails Modelling

We present a quasi-conjugate Bayes approach for estimating Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) parameters, distribution tails and extreme quantiles within the Peaks-Over-Threshold framework. Damsleth conjugate Bayes structure on Gamma distributions is transfered to GPD. Posterior estimates are then computed by Gibbs samplers with Hastings-Metropolis steps. Accurate Bayes credibility intervals are also defined, they provide assessment of the quality of the extreme events estimates. An empirical Bayesian method is used in this work, but the suggested approach could incorporate prior information. It is shown that the obtained quasi-conjugate Bayes estimators compare well with the GPD standard estimators when simulated and real data sets are studied. AMS 2000 Subject Classification Primary—62G32, 62F15, 62G09     

指数保费原理下的经验厘定

在经典的信度理论中,信度保费是在净保费原理下得到的. 但是, 保险商业中, 保险公司要求制定的保费必须适用于某合适的保费原理以适应具体的保险商业的需要. 本文建立了指数保费原理下的完全经验厘定模型, 得到了风险保费的信度估计和经验Bayes 信度估计, 并讨论了结构参数的估计及其性质. 最后证明了多合同模型的经验Bayes 信度估计的渐近最优性