Charge exchange cross sections of carbon ions

Based on experimental data on the ion charge distributions, the cross sections of single electron loss σ _{i, i + 1} and single electron capture σ _{i, i ? 1} by carbon ions with velocities (2.7–8) × 10⁸ cm/s in different gaseous media (He, N₂, and Ar) have been obtained. Regularities of the cross section variation of the electron capture and loss by carbon ions as a function of the ion velocity, ion charge, and atomic number of the target have been for the first time studied in a wide range of the initial ion charge, from i = 0 to i = 6. A qualitative agreement of the obtained results with the published data has been established for a number of other ions. Theoretical calculations of the cross sections of single electron loss by carbon ions in helium have been carried out.     

Fraunhofer diffraction of atomic matter waves: electron transfer studies with a laser cooled target

We have constructed an apparatus combining the experimental techniques of cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy and a laser cooled target. We measure angle differential cross sections in Li(+)+Na-->Li+Na(+) electron transfer collisions in the keV energy regime with a momentum resolution of 0.12 a.u. yielding an order of magnitude better angular resolution than previous measurements. We resolve Fraunhofer-type diffraction patterns in the differential cross sections. Good agreement with predictions of the semiclassical impact parameter method is obtained.     

The dissociative excitation of singlet levels of the singly charged lanthanum ion in collisions of electrons with lanthanum bromide molecules

The method of extended crossing beams was used to study inelastic collisions of slow electrons with LaBr₃ molecules. Dissociative excitation caused the appearance of spectral lines of the singly charged lanthanum ion. 38 dissociative excitation cross sections of LaII spectral lines (upper singlet levels) were studied at a 100 eV exciting electron energy. Three optical excitation functions were recorded over the electron energy range 0–100 eV. The cross sections obtained are compared with the data on dissociative excitation cross sections of the LaCl₃ molecule.     

低能He2+-He反应中单电子俘获微分散射过程的实验研究

利用冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪装置系统研究了20—40 keV He²⁺-He碰撞体系的态选择单电子俘获过程,实验获得了单电子俘获过程的态选择截面以及角微分截面.在所研究的能区范围,电子俘获到L壳层的截面最大,为主要的反应道,这与分子库仑过垒模型的反应窗理论的预测一致.实验测量的态选择截面与原子轨道紧耦合的计算结果很好地符合,与光谱方法的测量结果存在一定的差别,主要原因是光谱方法不能测量完整的反应通道信息.实验结果表明,总角微分截面在小角度范围主要来源于电子俘获到基态的贡献,在大角度范围主要来自电子俘获到激发态的贡献;电子俘获到基态的和激发态的角微分截面均出现振荡结构,这种振荡来源于电子俘获反应中分子轨道之间的相干效应.实验测量的角微分截面与其他实验和紧耦合方法的计算结果进行了比较和分析. 关键词： 冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪 态选择电子俘获 态选择截面 角微分截面     

Absolute electron scattering cross sections for the CF2 radical

Using a crossed electron-molecular beam experiment, featuring a skimmed nozzle beam with pyrolytic radical production, absolute elastic cross sections for electron scattering from the CF2 molecule have been measured. A new technique for placing measured cross sections on an absolute scale is used for molecular beams produced as skimmed supersonic jets. Absolute differential cross sections for CF2 are reported for incident electron energies of 30-50 eV and over an angular range of 20-135 deg. Integral cross sections are subsequently derived from those data. The present data are compared to new theoretical predictions for the differential and integral scattering cross sections, as calculated with the Schwinger multichannel variational method using the static-exchange and static-exchange plus polarization approximations.     

Determination of the electron temperature of the tenuous pulsed argon ion laser plasma by means of the line intensity ratio technique

The validity of the diagnostic line-intensity ratio method for determination of the electron temperature was examined for a tenuous, NLTE pulsed argon ion laser plasma. Recently measured cross sections for simultaneous excitation and ionization of the upper levels of the argon ion laser were used and averaged over the velocity distribution, assumed Maxwellian. The electron temperature was determined by observing the sidelight intensity ratio of doublet 4765 Å and quartet 4806 Å transitions, and it was found to be 1.65 eV. This result is in agreement with electron temperature values obtained by the time resolved measurement and the double probe method, respectively. The theory of the positive column, where wall effects are not considered, gives somewhat larger values as an upper bound.     

HIRFL-CSR外靶装置上的放射性束实验数据分析方法研究

开发了HIRFL-CSR外靶实验装置的大型数据分析程序(ANAETF)，并成功应用于核物理实验数据分析。详细阐述了该程序中的数据分析流程、漂移室寻迹算法、粒子鉴别方法和反应截面提取技术。利用本程序分析了240 MeV/u能量下12C次级束流打碳靶的实验数据，实现了清楚的碳和硼剩余核的粒子鉴别，总探测效率达到 ~90%，本工作提取的反应截面与已有的实验结果符合较好。     

First state selective electron capture measurements with trapped highly charged ions

The first state selective electron capture cross section measurements at eV energies are reported for collisions between C⁴⁺ ions and H₂ molecules. The cross sections are measured in a crossed beam experiment by means of Photon Emission Spectroscopy. The ion beams are decelerated in an octopole ion trap where the trap is used to guide the ion beam through the collision region. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with previous measurements at higher energies. The 3-state atomic orbital calculations of Gargaud and McCarroll generally agree with our measurements although there are some discrepancies at lower energies. However, the results for C⁴⁺ are still on a relative scale. To put our measurements on an absolute scale the N⁴⁺+ H system is investigated at keV energies. These results are in good agreement with the data of previous experiments. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Electron-impact excitation cross sections of gallium atom

Excitation of gallium atom in collisions with slow electrons is studied using the method of extended crossing beams with recording of the optical signal of excited atoms. At an electron energy of 30 eV, 66 excitation cross sections are measured. In the electron energy range of 0–200 eV, 24 excitation optical functions are recorded. The dependence of the cross sections on the principal quantum number of an upper level is obtained for eight spectral series of Ga I. The results obtained are compared with the data of the previous experiment.     

Energy loss of light ions with allowance for the presence of metastable particles in the ion beam

The change in the average ion charge due to the presence of particles in metastable states in beams of helium-like ions has been studied. The charge distributions and average charges have been calculated for ions with nuclear charges Z = 3?7 and a velocity of 3.65 au in nitrogen. The previously obtained data on the cross sections of loss and capture of electrons by metastable ions and ions in the ground state were used in the calculations. It is shown that the presence of metastable particles in ion beams leads to an increase in the average charge and energy loss for all considered ions.     

Excitation cross sections for odd triplet levels of LaII in e-La collisions

The method of extended crossing beams with the recording of an optical signal from an intersection region is used to study the excitation of a singly charged lanthanum ion. The process in question is accomplished in a single collision event between a lanthanum atom and an electron, i.e., as an excitation process with simultaneous single ionization. Excitation cross sections for 105 spectral lines arising upon transitions from odd triplet levels of LaII are measured. Also recorded are 16 optical excitation functions for 85 lines. The results obtained are used to calculate the cross sections for excitation of the energy levels and the contribution of cascade transitions to their population.     

Electron loss of heavy many-electron ions in relativistic collisions with neutral atoms

Electron-loss processes arising in collisions of heavy many-electron ions (like U²⁸⁺) with neutral atoms (H, N, Ar) are considered over a wide energy range including relativistic energies. Various computer codes (LOSS, LOSS-R, HERION, and RICODE), created for calculation of the electron-loss cross sections, and their capability are described. Recommended data on the electron-loss cross sections of U²⁸⁺ ions colliding with H, N, Ar targets and predicted lifetimes of U²⁸⁺ ion beams in accelerator are given. Calculated electronloss cross sections are compared with available experimental data and other calculations.     

Aq++H碰撞中的电荷转移

利用CTMC方法计算C^q+,N^q+,O^q+与H原子的碰撞过程的截面.入射粒子的能量范围为10~250keV/amu,离子为部分电离和完全电离的离子.给出了十二个耦合的Hamilton运动方程.用六个伪随机数确定粒子的轨道. A^q+离子和作用电子的势为模型势,其他两个势为纯库仑势。在计算中,需要2000个以上的轨道.引入约化变量σ_tr=σ_tr/q,E=E/q^1/2,得到了q标度的俘获截面,这些截面数据都集中在一条曲线附近.计算结果与其他理论计算结果作了比较,它们符合得很好.     

Resonance phenomena in collisions of atomic ions with electrons and photons

An overview is given on the physics of intermediate autoionizing states occurring in various observation channels of electron-ion and photon-ion interactions. Formation and decay processes of such resonances are numerous and involve intricate effects on the associated cross sections. Recent progress in the field has become possible by the combination of intense, high quality photon and electron beams with well prepared ionic targets. By using advanced ion source technology, storage ring capabilities and trapped ion techniques a wide spectrum of target species is accessible to studies of ionic resonances ranging from negative to highly charged positive ions and even to ions encapsulated within fullerene molecules.     

Ion velocity distribution function in intrinsic gas at cryogenic gas temperatures

The influence of elastic scattering on the ion distribution function in the plasma of an intrinsic gas in weak fields has been considered. An analytical expression valid for cryogenic temperatures of atoms has been obtained. The reduced He⁺–He, Ar⁺–Ar mobilities as functions of the temperature of atoms in a range of 4–1000 K have been calculated in the approximation of the zero field taking into account elastic collisions; the calculated dependences well agree with the available experimental data. It has been demonstrated that elastic collisions play an important role in the formation of the ion distribution function at low temperatures. The results of measurement of the ion mobility in the limit of the zero field at low temperatures can be used to obtain data on the ratio of elastic scattering and resonance charge exchange cross sections.     

Electron-impact excitation of even septet levels of an iron atom

Excitation of even septet levels of the iron atom by collisions with slow electrons is studied by the method of extended crossing beams. At an exciting electron energy of 50 eV, 72 excitation cross sections are measured. In the electron energy range of 0?C200 eV, 15 optical excitation functions are recorded. The obtained results are used to evaluate the total excitation cross sections of the even septet levels.     

Peculiarities in the cross sections of electron capture by phosphorus ions

The effect of decreasing the cross sections of electron capture by phosphorus (P⁵⁺) ions penetrating through gaseous media has been revealed experimentally. This effect is a violation of the known uniform dependence between the electron-capture cross section and the ion charge. Such an anomaly was not observed in measurements performed with argon ions under the same conditions. A possible reason of decreasing the cross sections of electron capture by P⁵⁺ ions may be autoionization of excited P⁴⁺ ions. The latter are formed during electron capture into excited states by metastable particles of a beam of P⁵⁺ ions.     

Kinematically complete charge exchange experiment in the Cs(+)+Rb collision system using a MOT target

Charge exchange is examined with unprecedented precision using the newly developed magneto-optical trap-target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy (MOTRIMS) technique. Initial and final state selective, charge exchange cross sections are obtained for 6 keV Cs+ colliding with rubidium in 5s and 5p states. For each charge transfer channel, cross sections differential in scattering angle are measured. These data are used to overturn previous long-standing conjecture as to the origin of oscillations seen in total charge exchange cross section measurements, and compare well with an enhanced Demkov model calculation.     

Dissociative attachment of electrons to excited molecules

The development and the first results from an experiment to carry out dissociative attachment to excited molecules are discussed. A brief summary of the relevance and status of such measurements are given. Apart from measuring the absolute cross sections from excited and state selected SO₂ molecule, we have been able to characterize the negative ion resonances using the excited state dissociative attachment. In addition, the state specificity of the electron attachment process has been used to derive information on the excited neutral state itself which has not been possible using optical spectroscopy. The applicability of this technique to other species are also discussed.     

Commissioning of electron cooling in CSRm

A new generation electron cooler has started operation in the heavy ion synchrotron CSRm which is used to increase the intensity of heavy ions. Transverse cooling of the ion beam after horizontal multi-turn injection allows beam accumulation at the injection energy. After optimization of the accumulation process an intensity increase in a synchrotron pulse by more than one order of magnitude has been achieved. In given accumulation time interval of 10 seconds, 108 particles have been accumulated and accelerated to the final energy. The momentum spread after accumulation and acceleration in the 10-4 range has been demonstrated in six species of ion beams. Primary measurements of accumulation process varying with electron energy, electron beam current, electron beam profile, expansion factor and injection interval have been performed. The lifetimes of ion beams in the presence of electron beams were roughly measured with the help of DCCT signal.