聚乙二醇改性聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯／聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯共混体系研究 Ⅱ．结晶形态和分子量及动态力学性能

本文研究工作表明，聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）作为聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＰＥＴ）／聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯（ＰＢＴ）共混体系的结晶促进剂．不仅使聚合物分子链运动容易而有利于结晶时定向排列，晶体生成速度加快．而且使成核剂的成核效率提高，晶核生成速度加快，晶核数目增多而晶体尺寸减小．此外，ＰＥＧ还部分参与了聚酯的酯交换反应，在低用量时有利于聚合物特性粘数提高，而用量增大则引起聚酯降解．由于ＰＥＧ的这些作用，共混体系在ＰＥＧ为６．０％时的模量及γ－衰减强度最大．动态力学性能最好．     

不同拉伸比PET／PBT共混纤维的热行为及力学性能

不同拉伸比ＰＥＴ／ＰＢＴ共混纤维的热行为及力学性能尹秀丽（天津纺织工学院材料科学系天津３００１６０）关键词聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯，共混纤维，热行为，力学性能不同配比聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（ＰＥＴ）／聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（ＰＢＴ）共混...     

聚乙二醇改性聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯／聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯共混体系研究 Ⅱ．结晶形态和分子量及动态力学性能

本文研究工作表明，聚乙二醇作为聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＰＥＴ）／聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯（ＰＢＴ）共混体系的结晶促进剂，不仅使聚合物分子链运动容易而有利于结晶时定向排列，晶体生成速度加快，而且使成核的成效率提高，晶核生成速度加快，晶核数目增多而晶体尺寸减小，此外，ＰＥＧ还部分参与了聚酯的酯交换反应，在低用量时有利于聚合物特性粘数提高，而且量增大则引起聚酯降解。由于ＰＥＧ的这些作用，共混体系在ＰＥＧ为６．０％     

聚对苯二甲酸乙醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯化学扩链反应

综述了用于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯化学扩链反应的羧基加成型和羟基加成型扩链剂，以及缩合型扩链反应，羧基加成型扩链反应和羟基加成型扩链反应、羟羟基同时加成型扩链反应。     

聚酯酰胺的合成及表征

 用两种方法合成了聚酯酰胺（ＰＥＡ）共聚物．一种是两步法，即先合成对苯二甲酸乙醇酰胺（ＢＡＥＴ）单体，然后与对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＢＨＥＴ）共缩聚；另一种是一步法．即在酯交换反应中直接添加乙醇胺（ＥＡ）．两种方法制得的聚酯酰胺（ＰＥＡ）共聚物测试证明了为产物，并分析了合成中的化学反应．     

聚酯酰胺的合成及表征

用两种方法合成了聚酯酰胺（ＰＥＡ）共聚物．一种是两步法，即先合成对苯二甲酸乙醇酰胺（ＢＡＥＴ）单体，然后与对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＢＨＥＴ）共缩聚；另一种是一步法．即在酯交换反应中直接添加乙醇胺（ＥＡ）．两种方法制得的聚酯酰胺（ＰＥＡ）共聚物测试证明了为产物，并分析了合成中的化学反应．     

聚酯醚共聚物中PEG嵌段的储能行为

采用重均分子量为１０００－４０００的聚乙二醇、对苯二甲酸二甲酯和乙二醇为原料合成了聚醚含量在４０－６０％（重量）的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯－聚乙二醇共聚物，采用差热分析和宽角×射线衍射的方法，研究了共 聚物中聚乙二醇嵌段的储能行为，探讨了采用取醚嵌段可结晶的聚酯醚为原料熔融纺丝研制具有蓄热调温功能纤维的可能性。     

聚丙烯／聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯共混自增强材料的研究

聚丙烯／聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯共混自增强材料的研究陈鸣才，黄玉惠，赵树录，廖兵，林果，丛广民（中国科学院广州化学研究所广州５１０６５０）关键词聚丙烯，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯，高分子共混物，自增强材料聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＰＥＴ）具有良好的成纤性和透明性，但收缩...     

双■唑啉化合物偶联聚酯的研究Ⅰ．双■唑啉化合物的合成及其性能

双唑啉化合物偶联聚酯的研究Ⅰ．双唑啉化合物的合成及其性能＊陈玉君杨始方方土游飞越潘鉴元（中山大学高分子研究所广州５１０２７５）关键词双唑啉，扩链剂，聚酯聚酯，包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＰＥＴ）和聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯（ＰＢＴ）等的高性能化，要求提高其...     

聚丙烯成核剂成核效应及热稳定性研究

为表征在聚合物材料热加工成型过程中成核剂的成核效果的热稳定性，设计了用反复升降温ＤＳＣ实验，通过观察聚合物结晶温度和结晶热焓在反复升降温过程中的变化来考察成核剂的成核效率的稳定性．研究了碳酸钙、苯甲酸钠、对苯二甲酸和脂肪二元酸：庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸及其与碳酸钙组成的双组分成核剂对聚丙烯结晶成核效果的热稳定性．结果表明，高熔点物质碳酸钙、对苯二甲酸、苯甲酸钠的成核效果的热稳定性高，而脂肪二元酸的成核热稳定性低．庚二酸与碳酸钙组成的双组分成核剂的成核热稳定性高，但辛二酸、壬二酸与碳酸钙组成的双组分成核剂的成核热稳定性没有得到改善．这可能是由于庚二酸与碳酸钙之间存在某种相互作用，从而使成核效果得以稳定，而辛二酸、壬二酸与碳酸钙组成的双组分成核剂中，两个组分基本独立存在．     

Preparation of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles by surface imprinting by a sol–gel process for the selective and rapid removal of di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate from aqueous solution

Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles for di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate were synthesized by surface imprinting technology with a sol–gel process and used for the selective and rapid adsorption and removal of di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate from aqueous solution. The prepared magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The adsorption of di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate onto the magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer was spontaneous and endothermic. The adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 1 h, the maximum adsorption capacity was 30.7 mg/g, and the adsorption process could be well described by Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. The magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer displayed a good adsorption selectivity for di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate with respect to dibutyl phthalate and di‐n‐octyl phthalate. The reusability of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer was demonstrated for at least eight repeated cycles without significant loss in adsorption capacity. The adsorption efficiencies of the magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer toward di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate in real water samples were in the range of 98–100%. These results indicated that the prepared adsorbent could be used as an efficient and cost‐effective material for the removal of di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate from environmental water samples.     

Transesterification Reaction of Dimethyl Terephthalate by 2-Ethylhexanol in the Presence of Heterogeneous Catalysts under Solvent-free Condition

In this study, the synthesis of bis-（2-ethylhexyl） terephthalate, via the transesterification reaction of dimethyl terephthalate （DMT） by 2-ethylhexanol in the presence of different heterogeneous catalysts, such as Pb（OAc）2·3H2O, Cd（OAc）2·2H2O, Zn（OAc）2·2H2O, Hg（OAc）2·Ca（OAc）2·H2O, Cu（OAc）2·H2O, NaOAc, CaCO3, CaO, ZnSO4·7H2O, and sulfated zirconia, has been investigated. The reactivity of the catalysts in the reaction progress has been studied and compared. It was found that, hydrated cadmium acetate and sulfated zirconia were reactive catalysts to this reaction. The extent of transesterification of methyl ester groups reached up to 93% and 85.6% using these catalysts, respectively.     

二—（2—乙基己基聚氧化烯烃）琥珀酸双酯磺酸钠的表面活性及应用

二－（２－乙基己基聚氧化烯烃）琥珀酸双酯磺酸钠的表面活性及应用姚传义吴金川何志敏＊（天津大学化学工程研究所天津３０００７２）关键词二－（２－乙基己基聚氧化烯烃）琥珀酸双酯磺酸钠，表面活性，反胶团酶反应，橄榄油水解１９９７－０９－１９收稿，１９９７－１...     

相转移催化合成对甲氧基肉桂酸-2-乙基己酯的研究

对甲氧基肉桂酸 2 乙基己酯是一种有效的ＵＶＢ防晒剂[1 ,2 ] ,一般采用Ｃｌａｉｓｅｎ Ｓｃｈｍｉｄｔ缩合反应制得[3] ,但由于催化剂ＫＯＨ处于水相 ,对反应物不能充分起到催化作用导致产率较低[4] 。我们利用乙二醇 (ＰＥＧ)为相转移催化剂合成立体专一的反式对甲氧基肉桂酸 2 乙基己酯 ,产率提高到 72 .5 %。合成路线如下 :1　实验部分1 .1　仪器与试剂ＢＩＯ ＲＡＰＦＴ45 0红外光谱仪 ,用液膜法测试 ;Ｂｒｕｒｅｒ ＡＭ 30 0超导核磁共振仪 (溶剂ＤＣ Ｃｌ3) ;ＭＡＴ/44Ｓ ,ＧＣ ＭＳ型色质联用谱仪 ;试剂均为分析纯 ,上海化学试剂…     

Direct usage of products of poly(ethylene terephthalate) glycolysis for manufacturing of glass-fibre-reinforced plastics

The paper reports on the possibility of direct use of some products of poly(ethylene terephthalate) glycolysis, bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate and ethylene glycol mainly, in the process of glass-fibre-reinforced plastics manufacturing. The addition of toluene diisocyanate as an intermediating agent was an important prerequisite for their incorporation into the resin composition. The composites containing products of poly(ethylene terephthalate) glycolysis up to 15% mass display improved mechanical properties in comparison with the unmodified samples.     

Green Effectively Enhanced Extraction to Produce Yttrium(III) in Slug Flow Microreactor

Process reinforcement research was carried out in Y‐junction slug flow microreactors under variable conditions, using EHEHPA (2‐ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono‐2‐ethylhexyl) to extract yttrium(III) from hydrochloric acid solution. The influence of pH and flow rate on the extraction‐reaction efficiency, slug size, mass transfer performance was assessed. The experimental results showed that maximum extraction‐reaction efficiency of 91.85% can be achieved in the smallest microreactor (residence time is 11.25 s), which was significantly higher than traditional extraction requiring more than 10 min. The slug length tended to decrease with the increase of pH and flow rate. Volumetric mass transfer coefficients for the slug flow microreactors were found to be in the range of 1.39×10^?1—1.642 s^?1 that is several orders of magnitude higher as compared to traditional extractors, which testified the beneficial effects of Y‐junction slug flow microreactor. Significant mass transfer reinforcement has prompted the use of microreactor as a suitable alternative to traditional extractors, which can advantageously improve the economic and environmental development of mineral processing.     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定食用油中两种非邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱同时测定食用油中对苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯和偏苯三甲酸三（2-乙基己基）酯两种非邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的方法。样品采用乙腈提取,于-20℃冷冻除脂净化,用气相色谱-串联质谱选择反应监测模式测定。两种化合物的检出限为0.03 mg/kg,定量限为0.1 mg/kg,线性范围为0.1~10 mg/kg。3个添加水平（0.1、0.3和1.0 mg/kg）下的回收率为81.04%~108.31%,相对标准偏差为0.70%~9.91%。该方法简便、准确,适用于食用油中对苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯和偏苯三甲酸三（2-乙基己基）酯的检测。     

pH‐assisted homogeneous liquid–liquid microextraction using dialkylphosphoric acid as an extraction solvent for the determination of chlorophenols in water samples

In this study, a new pH‐assisted homogeneous liquid–liquid microextraction combined with HPLC with UV detection was developed for the determination of chlorophenols in water samples. In this approach, bis(2‐ethylhexyl) phosphate was used for the first time as the low‐density extraction solvent. In particular, 60 μL of bis(2‐ethylhexyl) phosphate was injected into the sample solution (5 mL) and dissolved completely in the sample solution while the pH was increased to 9. Afterwards, the pH of the sample solution was lowered to 1, and a cloudy solution was formed. At this stage, hydrophobic interactions between the analytes and the long double hydrocarbon chains of extraction solvent were expected to be the main forces driving extraction. A series of parameters that influence extraction were investigated systematically. Under the optimized conditions, the LODs and LOQs for the chlorophenols were 1.4–2.7 and 4.7–9.1 ng/mL, respectively. RSDs based on five replicate extraction of 100 ng/mL of each chlorophenols were <4.7% for intraday and 7.4% for interday precision. This method has been also successfully applied to analyze real water samples at two different spiked concentrations, and satisfactory recoveries were achieved.     

Comparison of solidification of floating drop and homogenous liquid–liquid microextractions for the extraction of two plasticizers from the water kept in PET‐bottles

Two approaches based on solidification of floating drop microextraction (SFDME) and homogenous liquid–liquid microextraction (HLLE) were compared for the extraction and preconcentration of di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) from the mineral water samples. In SFDME, a floated drop of the mixture of acetophenone/1‐undecanol (1:8) was exposed on the surface of the aqueous solution and extraction was permitted to occur. In HLLE, a homogenous ternary solvent system was used by water/methanol/chloroform and the phase separation phenomenon occurred by salt addition. Under the optimal conditions, the LODs for the two target plasticizers (DEHA and DEHP), obtained by SFDME–GC‐FID and HLLE–GC‐FID, were ranged from 0.03 to 0.01 μg/L and 0.02 to 0.01 μg/L, respectively. HLLE provided higher preconcentration factors (472.5‐ and 551.2‐fold) within the shorter extraction time as well as better RSDs (4.5–6.9%). While, in SFDME, high preconcentration factors in the range of 162–198 and good RSDs in the range of 5.2–9.6% were obtained. Both methods were applied for the analysis of two plasticizers in different water samples and two target plasticizers were found in the bottled mineral water after the expiring time and the boiling water was exposed to a polyethylene vial.     

Poly(methyl methacrylate) copolymers containing multiple,pendent plasticizing groups

New ether dimer (ED‐Eh) and diester (EHDE) derivatives of α‐(hydroxymethyl)acrylate, each having two 2‐ethylhexyl side chains, and an amine‐linked di(2‐ethylhexyl)acrylate (AL‐Eh), having three 2‐ethylhexyl side chains, were synthesized and (co)polymerized to evaluate the effects of differences in the structures of the monomers on final (co)polymer properties, particularly glass transition temperature, T_g. The free radical polymerizations of these monomers yielded high‐molecular–weight polymers. Cyclopolymer formation of ED‐Eh and AL‐Eh was confirmed by ¹³C NMR analysis and the cyclization efficiencies were found to be very high (～100%). Copolymers of ED‐Eh, EHDE, and AL‐Eh with methyl methacrylate (MMA) showed significant T_g decreases over poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) due to 2‐ethylhexyl side groups causing “internal” plasticization. Comparison of the T_g's of the copolymers of 2‐ethylhexyl methacrylate, ED‐Eh, EHDE, and AL‐Eh with MMA revealed that the impacts of these monomers on depression of T_g's are identical with respect to the total concentration of the pendent groups. This is consistent with an earlier study involving copolymers of monomers comprising one and two octadecyl side groups with MMA. That is, the magnitude of decrease in T_g's was quantitatively related to the number of the 2‐ethylhexyl pendent groups in the copolymers rather than their placement on the same or randomly incorporated repeat units. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 2302–2310, 2010