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相机与投影仪的标定是影响光栅投影三维测量系统精度的因素之一,且标定所得参数的精度直接影响系统的测量精度。分析标志点边缘成像时的退化模型,提出了基于高斯曲线拟合与边缘局部区域效应相结合的亚像素边缘检测方法,获取高精度边缘,提高标志点检测精度;使用基于透视变换图像矫正的标志点快速排序匹配方法,进行相机快速高精度标定。分析投影仪标定时的相位误差,提出了一种基于径向基的线性插值方式,提高标志点圆心相位获取精度。实验验证,使用上述亚像素边缘检测方式,标志点的边缘残差为0.0871,对比基于高斯曲线的拟合方式,精度提高了41%,相机标定重投影误差均值为0.0524像素;使用上述相位插值方式,投影仪标定重投影误差均值为0.1203像素,对比使用双线性插值方式,标定精度提高23.9%。 相似文献
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针对自动视觉检测系统中,难以获得具有重复纹理特征的大面积物体的高精度图像问题,提出了一种二维图像光栅的亚像素级定位拼接新方法。采用光栅尺记录物体的位置信息,引入圆盘格标定板对二维运动平台X、Y轴与相机X、Y轴之间的夹角进行准确标定,并建立基于全局物理直角坐标系的二维拼接模型完成图像的拼接。实验结果表明,该方法的标定重复精度可以达到10-4 rad量级,拼接的物理误差为8μm,拼接精度比校正前提高了近8倍,比已见报道提高1倍以上。该方法已成功应用于导航卫星接收天线电路的在线检测设备,并可广泛推广至检测精度要求达到亚像素级的机器视觉自动化检测领域。 相似文献
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针对现有的提高线阵电荷耦合器件(CCD)成像系统的图像空间分辨率的方法存在的不足,提出了一种新的采样模式,并设计了一种高分辨率成像系统。该系统利用两个相同的线阵CCD相机进行特定的空间排列,即使得相机1和相机2的CCD阵列都倾斜θ来进行扫描取像,并利用图像校正和像素插值等图像重建方法,得到高分辨率的图像。实验结果表明,倾斜角取60°的情况下,相对于单个线阵相机在θ=0°的正常采样模式下得到的采样图像,图像的空间分辨率提高了1倍,且保持了成像的视野不变。本系统工程上实现简单,十分经济且便于维护,仅利用现有的成像装置即可获取更高分辨率的图像。 相似文献
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提出了由步进电机控制振镜运转,基于线阵TDI-CCD相机的扫描成像设计方案.通过研究线阵TDI-CCD器件的结构与工作原理,得到对振镜扫描速率和相机行扫描速率进行同步的方法,实现了空间位置配准.采用EC-11相机进行成像实验,扫描成像系统输出了可辨别的图像. 相似文献
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针对工业上一些无法正对待测端面安装相机的直径测量场景,设计了一种由3个激光投线器、1个成像透镜及1个面阵CMOS相机组成的圆柱工件直径测量系统,放置于地面上倾斜投影并成像。搭建了测量系统,从图像中获得亚像素端点坐标,代入标定方程解算世界坐标,并通过几何模型计算待测直径。实验结果表明,该系统能在设计待测值附近准确测量工件的端面直径,测量精度在±0.1 mm以内,满足工业测量高精度要求。 相似文献
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《光学学报》2017,(11)
金属纳米线栅是像素刻划偏振相机的核心器件,线栅上刻划了与光电探测器像元一一对应的微偏振片阵列,该阵列具有较大的非均匀性,对成像质量有较大影响。基于此,根据纳米线栅的结构与偏振传输理论,建立纳米线栅像素级矢量传输矩阵的测量数学模型,并结合矩阵最小二乘法,推导出多次测量以拟合最优传输矩阵的方法,为偏振相机像素级非均匀性矫正提供了核心的矫正参数。然后,兼顾纳米线栅刻划方式,提出了高空间分辨率的矫正算法。通过矫正后,偏振相机非均匀性由原来的2.00%降低至0.26%。外景成像实验中,目标偏振度图像的信息熵由5.34提升至15.15。结果表明,所提算法可以有效矫正纳米线栅的非均匀性,提升了偏振图像质量。 相似文献
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《光学学报》2017,(9)
线阵相机具有高敏感性、高分辨率和高动态性等特点,常用于运动物体成像。在动车组列车运行故障图像动态检测中,由于列车运行速度不是理想匀速通过线阵相机,所拍摄的图像会在列车运行方向上出现拉伸或压缩等变形现象,造成同一列车在不同时间所拍摄到的图像总数不一致,给后续目标自动定位、识别以及故障自动检测带来挑战。为解决图像之间未对齐的问题,提出了一种基于分块式的图像对齐方法。首先对图像进行分块处理、特征提取和匹配、特征量化,然后根据特征点之间的像素距离实现图像分块式校准,最后级联各个校准之后的图像块,完成目标图像与标准图像的对齐。实验结果表明,该方法对线阵相机所拍摄的动车组列车序列图像具有较好的对齐效果,可以精确定位序列图像中的目标。 相似文献
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A. H. Taub 《General Relativity and Gravitation》1979,10(12):1009-1009
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Ugeda MM Fernández-Torre D Brihuega I Pou P Martínez-Galera AJ Pérez R Gómez-Rodríguez JM 《Physical review letters》2011,107(11):116803
Understanding the coupling of graphene with its local environment is critical to be able to integrate it in tomorrow's electronic devices. Here we show how the presence of a metallic substrate affects the properties of an atomically tailored graphene layer. We have deliberately introduced single carbon vacancies on a graphene monolayer grown on a Pt(111) surface and investigated its impact in the electronic, structural, and magnetic properties of the graphene layer. Our low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy studies, complemented by density functional theory, show the existence of a broad electronic resonance above the Fermi energy associated with the vacancies. Vacancy sites become reactive leading to an increase of the coupling between the graphene layer and the metal substrate at these points; this gives rise to a rapid decay of the localized state and the quenching of the magnetic moment associated with carbon vacancies in freestanding graphene layers. 相似文献
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We study the relation between the centro-affine geometry of star-shaped planar curves and the projective geometry of parametrized maps into RP1. We show that projectivization induces a map between differential invariants and a bi-Poisson map between Hamiltonian structures. We also show that a Hamiltonian evolution equation for closed star-shaped planar curves, discovered by Pinkall, has the Schwarzian KdV equation as its projectivization. (For both flows, the curvature evolves by the KdV equation.) Using algebro-geometric methods and the relation of group-based moving frames to AKNS-type representations, we construct examples of closed solutions of Pinkall’s flow associated with periodic finite-gap KdV potentials. 相似文献
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In this note we use some of the results of [3] to derive a general duality theorem for the cohomologies of foliated structures on a manifold. The result is applied to the special case of a symplectic manifold M on which the foliation is given by a complex polarization F in the sense of geometric quantization. We obtain, for example, a rigorous proof of the fact that for a smooth function ƒ on M whose Hamiltonian vector field leaves F invariant, the spectrum of the corresponding prequantization operator v(ƒ) coincides with the spectrum of its transpose, under the above duality. This latter result was obtained by Simms in [12] under certain hypotheses. Proofs of the validity of those hypotheses are now available in the literature; cf. [3] and [7]. 相似文献
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Valfells A. Verboncoeur J.P. Lau Y.Y. 《IEEE transactions on plasma science. IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society》2000,28(3):529-536
Analyzes the effects of space charge shielding on the steady state of a multipactor discharge on a dielectric. Analytic methods are used to obtain an exact function for the potential in the discharge, assuming a Maxwellian distribution of emitted electrons. An equation for the amount of power deposited on the dielectric by the multipactoring electrons, for a given saturation level, is given. A simple method for obtaining the saturation level, for a given material, is obtained 相似文献
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