基于少模光纤被动调Q柱矢量光光纤激光器

通过单模光纤和少模光纤熔融拉锥耦合的方法制备出模式转换器,而后将一层多壁的碳纳米管薄膜作为可饱和吸收体覆盖到拉锥光纤的锥区,形成一种可饱和吸收体柱矢量光器件.结合调Q光纤激光器和模式转换器件的优势,可以简单高效地产生脉冲柱矢量光束,并得到具有峰值功率高、模式纯度高等特点的脉冲高阶模式激光输出.通过实验实现了中心波长为1560nm、最大单脉冲能量和最大峰值功率分别为116nJ和57mW的稳定调Q脉冲输出.通过调节光路中的偏振控制器,可以分别实现径向和角向偏振的调Q脉冲激光的输出.     

Radially polarized and passively Q-switched fiber laser

We report, for the first time to our knowledge, a radially polarized and passively Q-switched Yb-doped fiber laser. By using a Cr(4+):YAG crystal as a saturable absorber and a photonic crystal grating as a polarization mirror, a radially polarized pulse is produced, which has 202 W of peak power, 75 ns duration, and ~92% polarization purity at a 56.6 kHz repetition rate. The Q-switched pulse with radial polarization from the fiber laser would facilitate numerous applications.     

Simple Nd:YAG laser generates vector and vortex beam

We report a simple Nd:YAG laser that emits radially polarized beam with helical wavefront. The laser cavity consists of a piece of laser crystal and a plane output coupler, and there is no additional polarization component inside it. The pump light is converted into annular profile through de-focal coupling into a multi-mode fiber. For the continuous-wave(CW) operation, the laser emits radially polarized vortex beam, and it is observed that the helical wavefront of the laser beam is switched from right handedness to left handedness when the output coupler is tilted slightly. For the Q-switched operation under the insertion of a Cr4t:YAG saturable absorber inside the cavity, we obtain radially polarized outputs with left-handedness helical wavefront. By tilting the laser crystal slightly, the laser output switches to azimuthal polarization at pump power larger than 4.5 W and left-handedness helical wavefront of laser beam is preserved.     

A Single-Longitudinal-Mode Passively Q-Switched Nd:YVO_4 Laser Using Black Phosphorus Saturable Absorber

A black phosphorus(BP) saturable absorber(SA) solution with different concentrations(1.0 and 0.5 mg/ml) is fabricated with the liquid-phase exfoliation method. By using the BP-SA, a compact diode-pumped passively Q-switched Nd:YVO_4 laser is demonstrated. One reflecting Bragg gratings is used as the output coupler for mode selection. By inserting those BP-SA solutions in the laser cavity, the maximum single longitude mode,Q-switched output powers of 126 mW at 692.5 kHz and 149 mW at 630.3 kHz are achieved at the pump power of 8.0 W, corresponding to the pulse durations of 144 ns and 196 ns, respectively. Moreover, longitudinal-mode characteristics of Q-switched output laser in different optical cavity lengths based on two-kind BP-SA solution concentrations are investigated. Our results show that BP-SA could also be developed as an effective SA for the Q-switched, single longitudinal mode pulse laser.     

Single-walled carbon nanotubes on side polished fiber as a universal saturable absorber for various laser output states

We demonstrated four different laser operational states in the same passive fiber ring laser cavity by controlling solely the polarization state in a saturable absorber. The demonstrated laser operational states were continuous wave, mode-locking, Q-switching, and Q-switched mode-locking. The saturable absorber was fabricated by spin-coating a single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT)/polymer composite on a side polished fiber providing enhanced nonlinear interaction with the SWCNT. The wide tuning range of the saturable absorber allows the simple means to generate different forms of laser output from a single laser cavity.     

Low-threshold single-wavelength all-fiber laser generating cylindrical vector beams using a few-mode fiber Bragg grating

We propose and demonstrate a low-threshold single-wavelength all-fiber laser generating cylindrical vector beams using a few-mode fiber Bragg grating. Both radially and azimuthally polarized beams have been generated with very good modal symmetry and polarization purity higher than 94%. The radially and azimuthally polarized modes can be switched by simply adjusting the polarization controllers built in the fiber laser cavity. This fiber laser operates at a single wavelength of 1053 nm with a 3 dB linewidth of less than 0.02 nm, signal-to-background ratio of more than 55 dB, and a threshold as low as 16 mW. A new method for the polarization purity measurement is also proposed.     

Nonlinearly limited saturable-absorber mode locking of an erbium fiber laser

We describe an erbium fiber laser that is passively mode locked by a novel, precision antireflection-coated semiconductor saturable-absorber mirror that incorporates an additional two-photon absorber. It is shown that passive mode locking evolves from a Q-switching instability. The results are achieved by use of saturable absorbers that provide a large (15%) nonlinear (saturable) loss. Exploiting two-photon absorption can substantially reduce the peak power of the Q-switched pulses, which results in improved reliability of the laser. Moreover, two-photon absorption can be used to produce an optimal stability range for saturable-absorber mode locking.     

Diode-Pumped Passively Q-switched Single-Frequency Nd:YAG Lasers

Laser-diode pumped passively Q-switched single-frequency Nd:YAG laser has been demonstrated with a Cr⁴⁺:YAG crystal as the saturable absorber. When pumped with a fiber-coupled CW laser diode, the laser produces pulses of 1.4-20.9 ns duration, with a repetition rate of 1.9-52.0 kHz. The highest peak power of 17.6 kW was obtained at an incident pump power of 1.8 W. The use of a Cr⁴⁺:YAG saturable absorber enables the laser to operate not only in a single-frequency mode but also linearly polarized. The mode selection mechanism is discussed.     

氧化石墨烯被动调Q掺铒光纤激光器

报道了基于氧化石墨烯的被动调Q掺铒光纤激光器。激光器采用环形腔结构,调Q器件为自制的氧化石墨烯可饱和吸收镜。泵浦功率在81~505 mW范围内时,得到了重复频率68~124 kHz的稳定的调Q脉冲输出,脉宽为0.47~1.60 s。由于泵浦功率限制,激光器最大输出功率为10 mW, 相应单脉冲能量为80.6 nJ。此种基于氧化石墨烯可饱和吸收体的被动调Q光纤激光器体积小、成本低廉、结构简单、稳定性高、光束质量高,具有广阔的应用前景。     

Stable nanosecond pulse generation from a graphene-based passively Q-switched Yb-doped fiber laser

We demonstrate stable 70?ns pulse generation from a Yb-doped fiber laser passively Q-switched by a graphene-based saturable absorber mirror in a short linear cavity. The maximum output power was 12?mW and the highest single pulse energy was 46?nJ. The repetition rate of the fiber laser can be widely tuned from 140 to 257?kHz along with the increase of the pump power. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for passively Q-switched sub-100-ns pulse operation of a graphene-based saturable absorber in a Yb-doped fiber laser.     

Graphene-based passively Q-switched dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser

We demonstrate a compact Q-switched dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser based on graphene as a saturable absorber (SA). By optically driven deposition of graphene on a fiber core, the SA is constructed and inserted into a diode-pumped EDF laser cavity. Also benefiting from the strong third-order optical nonlinearity of graphene to suppress the mode competition of EDF, a stable dual-wavelength Q-switching operation has been achieved using a two-reflection peak fiber Bragg grating as the external cavity mirror. The Q-switched EDF laser has a low pump threshold of 6.5 mW at 974 nm and a wide range of pulse-repetition rate from 3.3 to 65.9 kHz. The pulse duration and the pulse energy have been characterized. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of a graphene-based Q-switched laser.     

Multi-wavelength Q-switched erbium doped fiber laser with a short carbon nanotube based saturable absorber

We demonstrate an all-fiber passively multi-wavelength Q-switched Erbium doped fiber laser (EDFL) based on a short Carbon Nanotube based saturable absorber. With the saturable absorber connected in a longer standing wave based fiber laser cavity, stable single, dual, and multiple wavelength Q-switched low threshold EDFL are achieved. Experimental results show that the output pulse of the filtered single wavelength has the same repetition rate as that of the multi-wavelength output while its average output power is lower than that of the multi-wavelength output.     

Controllable dissipative soliton and Q-switched pulse emission in a normal dispersion fiber laser using SESAM and cavity loss tuning mechanism

We report on the controllable generation of the dissipative soliton and the Q-switched pulse in a normal dispersion fiber ring laser. The hybrid saturable absorber is used to obtain the dissipative soliton or the Q-switched pulse by slightly adjusting the polarization controller. Based on the experimental results and theoretical analysis, the controllable dissipative soliton and Q-switched pulse emission can be induced by the cavity loss tuning mechanism of the fiber laser.     

脉冲LDA泵浦Nd∶YVO4/GaAs被动调Q锁模激光器

用脉冲激光二极管阵列（LDA）作为泵浦源、微柱透镜阵列和透镜导管作为耦合系统,以As＋注入GaAs可饱和吸收片作为被动调Q锁模元件,实现了Nd∶YVO4激光器调Q锁模运转.调Q运转阶段,激光器每泵浦脉宽内输出一个调Q脉冲,调Q脉宽7ns.调Q锁模运转阶段,初始透过率60％的GaAs晶片对调Q包络内的锁模脉冲的调制深度达到95％以上,锁模脉冲重复频率991 MHz.研究了加在LDA上的电压、方波脉冲的脉宽和重复频率对调Q锁模脉冲特性的影响,并对实验结果进行了讨论.     

基于微纳光纤-单壁碳纳米管可饱和吸收体的被动调Q掺镱光纤激光器

为实现具有高脉冲能量的调Q脉冲激光输出,利用微纳光纤-单壁碳纳米管复合的方法制备可饱和吸收体,并对基于该类型可饱和吸收体器件的被动调Q掺镱光纤激光器进行研究。采用拉伸法将普通单模石英光纤拉制成微纳光纤,将其与单壁碳纳米管溶液复合,进一步制备成全光纤集成型器件。将该器件置于环形腔掺镱光纤激光器中,利用976 nm半导体激光器作为抽运源。当抽运功率为53 mW时,实现了调Q脉冲激光输出,激光中心波长为1 039 nm。进一步提升抽运功率至76 mW,可获得脉冲宽度为3.1μs、重复频率为25.5 kHz、单脉冲能量为941nJ的调Q脉冲激光输出。研究表明,利用微纳光纤制备的可饱和吸收体器件具有较高的损伤阈值,可用于实现高脉冲能量的激光输出。     

Tunable passively Q-switched ytterbium-doped fiber laser using MoWS2/rGO nanocomposite saturable absorber

We demonstrated a tunable Q-switched ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) using MoWS₂/rGO nanocomposite as passive saturable absorber. Further, the Mo_1?xW_xS₂/rGO nanosheets, with x proportion of 0.2, are synthesized using hydrothermal exfoliation technique. The proposed nanocomposite-PVA based thin film is fabricated by mixing the MoWS₂/rGO nanosheets with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The fabricated thin film is sandwiched between two fiber ferrules to realize the proposed saturable absorber (SA). Further, the proposed MoWS₂/rGO-PVA based thin film SA exhibits a fast relaxation time and a high damage threshold which are suitable to realize a Q-switched pulsed laser with a tunable wavelength range of 10?nm that extends from 1028?nm to 1038?nm. For the highest pump power of 267.4?mW, the generated Q-switched pulses exhibit a narrow pulse width of 1.22 μs, the pulse repetition rate of 90.4?kHz, the highest pulse energy of 2.13?nJ and its corresponding average power of 0.193?mW. To the best of author’s knowledge, this is the first realization of a tunable Q-switching fiber laser in a 1?μm wavelength using MoWS₂/rGO nanocomposite saturable absorber.     

High-power all-fiber passively Q-switched laser using a doped fiber as a saturable absorber: numerical simulations

We report a design for a power-scalable all-fiber passively Q-switched laser that uses a large mode area Yb-doped fiber as a gain medium adiabatically tapered to an unpumped single-mode Yb-doped fiber, which serves as a saturable absorber. Through the use of a comprehensive numerical simulator, we demonstrate a passively Q-switched 1030 nm pulsed laser with 14 ns pulse duration and 0.5 mJ pulse energy operating at 200 kHz repetition rate. The proposed configuration has a potential for orders of magnitude of improvement in both the pulse energies and durations compared to the previously reported result. The key mechanism for this improvement relates to the ratio of the core areas between the pumped inverted large mode area gain fiber and the unpumped doped single-mode fiber.     

Lensless intracavity focusing in a passively Q-switched all-fiber laser using the mode-field-area mismatch

Intense lensless intracavity focusing in a saturable absorber Q-switched all-fiber laser resonator by use of loss arrangement and mode-field-area mismatch between the fibers is investigated for the first time. The intracavity power distribution was related to the locations and values of the cavity losses as the saturable absorption loss, the reflection loss of the output coupler, and the splicing loss between the gain fiber and the absorber fiber. With a mode-field-area mismatch and a reduced splicing loss with the gain fiber, a power density in the absorber fiber was achieved that was 11.9 times higher than that in the gain fiber.     

基于多层石墨烯可饱和吸收体的被动调Q Ho∶YAG激光器

报道了2μm被动调Q的Ho∶YAG激光器,该激光器采用Tm~(3+)光纤激光器作为泵浦源,使用多层石墨烯作为可饱和吸收体。在连续波激光输出模式下,当泵浦功率为4.2 W时,获得了750 mW激光输出,输出激光中心波长为2.09μm,斜率效率为29.6%。在连续波激光器谐振腔中插入多层石墨烯可饱和吸收体并调整谐振腔,获得了脉冲激光输出。当泵浦功率为4.2 W时,获得最小脉冲宽度3.1μs、重复频率66.6 kHz的脉冲激光输出,其最大平均输出功率为170 mW,斜率效率为12.6%,光束质量因子M_x~2=1.15,M_y~2=1.12。     

Material processing with pulsed radially and azimuthally polarized laser radiation

We report on the generation of radially and azimuthally polarized Q-switched laser radiation and its application in material processing. The power levels were sufficiently high to study micro-hole drilling in different metals. Depending on the optical properties of the metal, either radial or azimuthal polarization shows the best efficiency and the effect is attributed to waveguiding. For steel, a comparison to linearly or circularly polarized laser radiation indicates that the doughnut-shaped beam with azimuthal polarization is the most energy-efficient in producing holes of the same diameter and depth. PACS 79.20.Ds; 29.27.Hj; 81.05.Bx