共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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建立了同时测定海洋防污涂料中4种生物杀虫剂(百菌清、苯氟磺胺、Sea-Nine 211和Irgarol1051)的气相色谱-质谱方法。该方法以乙酸乙酯为提取试剂,室温下超声提取4种生物杀虫剂,提取液经有机滤膜过滤后,在选择离子模式下用气相色谱-质谱联用仪进行检测。优化实验条件下,4种生物杀虫剂在测试的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)均大于0.99,检出限(S/N≥3)为0.3~1.3 mg/kg,定量下限(S/N≥10)为1.0~4.3 mg/kg。方法的加标回收率为82.6%~109.9%,相对标准偏差小于5%。采用该方法对6种海洋防污涂料进行测定,2个样品分别检出百菌清和苯氟磺胺、Sea-Nine 211。该方法简便快速、定性定量准确、灵敏度高,能够满足海洋涂料中4种生物杀虫剂的检测要求。 相似文献
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以N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺和苯酚类化合物为原料,合成了N-(2-羟基-3-丙烯酰胺甲基-4,6-二甲基苄基)丙烯酰胺(HMABA)、N-(2-羟基-3-丙烯酰胺甲基-4,5-二甲基苄基)丙烯酰胺(AMHBA)、N-(3,5-二甲基-4-羟基苄基)丙烯酰胺(MHBA)、N-(3,6-二甲基-4-丙烯酰胺甲基-2-羟基苄基)丙烯酰胺(MAHBA)和N-(2甲氧基-4-甲基-5-丙烯酰胺甲基苄基)丙烯酰胺(MMABA)5个类辣素结构的丙烯酰胺衍生物。 通过红外光谱(IR)、核磁波谱(1H NMR)、质谱(HR-MS)和元素分析对化合物的结构进行了表征。 抑菌试验表明,HMABA对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑制效果最好,最低抑菌浓度均可达0.125 g/L。 将此5个化合物作为防污剂制备海洋防污涂料,120 d的实海结果表明,基本无污损海生物附着。 相似文献
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仿猪笼草效应的灌注润滑液的光滑多孔表面(SLIPS)是将润滑液如全氟聚醚、硅油、离子液体等灌注到微/纳粗糙结构基材中制备的。SLIPS材料表面可达到分子尺度的光滑,能显著减小液滴滑动角和滞后角,具有全方位疏液、自修复、透明度高、温度和压力稳定性好等诸多优点,能够高效抑制各种基材包括油脂、血液、冰以及生物膜的黏附,在自清洁涂料、海洋防污、生物医用领域具有广阔的应用前景。近年来SLIPS材料因其具有的特殊表面润湿性能而备受研究者的关注,本文详细介绍了SLIPS材料的构建机理和制备方法,包括浸润法和溶胀法等。综述了SLIPS材料在防污、促进滴状冷凝、防霜防覆冰、油水分离等方面的最新进展,并对SLIPS目前存在的问题与发展方向进行了分析和展望。 相似文献
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以吲哚和酰氯(苯甲酰氯及苯磺酰氯)为原料,合成了7个N-酰基取代吲哚类化合物(a~g),其结构经1H NMR和元素分析确证。研究了化合物对球等鞭金藻、亚心形扁藻和舟形藻以及藤壶幼虫的生长抑制活性。结果表明:当吲哚结构连接电负性较高的基团时,化合物对藻类和藤壶幼虫的生长抑制性较好,其中以连接苯磺酰基化合物的抑制效果最佳。目标化合物对藤壶幼虫12 h和24 h的半致死浓度(LC50)明显低于底物吲哚,其中以苯磺酰基取代的化合物最低。采用目标化合物制备的海洋防污涂料,浅海挂板90 d后,对海洋污损生物的附着表现出明显的抑制作用。 相似文献
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Engineered nanoforce gradients for inhibition of settlement (attachment) of swimming algal spores 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Schumacher JF Long CJ Callow ME Finlay JA Callow JA Brennan AB 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2008,24(9):4931-4937
Current antifouling strategies are focused on the development of environmentally friendly coatings that protect submerged surfaces from the accumulation of colonizing organisms (i.e., biofouling). One ecofriendly approach is the manipulation of the surface topography on nontoxic materials to deter settlement of the dispersal stages of fouling organisms. The identification of effective antifouling topographies typically occurs through trial-and-error rather than predictive models. We present a model and design methodology for the identification of nontoxic, antifouling surface topographies for use in the marine environment by the creation of engineered nanoforce gradients. The design and fabrication of these gradients incorporate discrete micrometer-sized features that are associated with the species-specific surface design technique of engineered topography and the concepts of mechanotransduction. The effectiveness of designed nanoforce gradients for antifouling applications was tested by evaluating the settlement behavior of zoospores of the alga Ulva linza. The surfaces with nanoforce gradients ranging from 125 to 374 nN all significantly reduced spore settlement relative to a smooth substrate, with the highest reduction, 53%, measured on the 374 nN gradient surface. These results confirm that the designed nanoforce gradients may be an effective tool and predictive model for the design of unique nontoxic, nonfouling surfaces for marine applications as well as biomedical surfaces in the physiological environment. 相似文献
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Marine organisms such as plants, algae or small animals can adhere to surfaces of materials that are submerged in ocean. The accumulation of these organisms on surfaces is a marine biofouling process that has considerable adverse effects. Marine biofouling on ship hulls can cause severe fuel consumption increase. Investigations on antifouling polymers are therefore becoming important research topics for marine vessel operations. Antifouling polymers can be applied as coating layers on the ship hull, protecting it against the settlement and growth of sea organisms. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a hydrophilic polymer that can effectively resist the accumulation of marine organisms. PEG-based antifouling coatings have therefore been extensively researched and developed. However, the inferior stability of PEG makes it subject to degradation, rendering it ineffective for long-term services. Zwitterionic polymers have also emerged as promising antifouling materials in recent years. These polymers consist of both positively charged and negatively charged functional groups. Various zwitterionic polymers have been demonstrated to exhibit exceptional antifouling properties. Previously, surface characterizations of zwitterionic polymers have revealed that strong surface hydration is critical for their antifouling properties. In addition to these hydrophilic polymers, amphiphilic materials have also been developed as potential antifouling coatings. Both hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups are incorporated into the backbones or sidechains of these polymers. It has been demonstrated that the antifouling performance can be enhanced by precisely controlling the sequence of the hydrophobic-hydrophilic functionalities. Since biofouling generally occurs at the outer surface of the coatings, the antifouling properties of these coatings are closely related to their surface characteristics in water. Therefore, understanding of the surface molecular structures of antifouling materials is imperative for their future developments. In this review, we will summarize our recent advancements of antifouling material surface analysis using sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. SFG is a surface-sensitive technique which can provide molecular information of water and polymer structures at interfaces in situ in real time. The antifouling polymers we will review include zwitterionic polymer brushes, mixed charged polymers, and amphiphilic polypeptoids. Interfacial hydration studies of these polymers by SFG will be presented. The salt effect on antifouling polymer surface hydration will also be discussed. In addition, the interactions between antifouling materials and protein molecules as well as algae will be reviewed. The above research clearly established strong correlations between strong surface hydration and good antifouling properties. It also demonstrated that SFG is a powerful technique to provide molecular level understanding of polymer antifouling mechanisms. 相似文献
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Tao He Dominik Jańczewski Satyasankar Jana Anbanandam Parthiban Shifeng Guo Xiaoying Zhu Serina Siew-Chen Lee Fernando Jose Parra-Velandia Serena Lay-Ming Teo G. Julius Vancso 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2016,54(2):275-283
Molecular design, fabrication, and properties of thin-film coatings based on poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMOX) and its copolymers were investigated to tackle problem of marine and bacterial fouling prevention. The ultraviolet crosslinkable macromonomer poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) dimethylacrylate was synthesized by cationic ring-opening polymerization in a microwave reactor initiated by 1,4-dibromobutane. In order to study the charge effect of the PMOX coatings on the adhesion of fouling organisms, PMOX surfaces with negative, neutral, and positive ζ-potential values were prepared by copolymerization with the positively charged monomer [2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride. The coatings were stable in sea water for at least 1 month without significant reduction in the film thickness. The marine antifouling activity was evaluated against barnacle cyprids Amphibalanus amphitrite and algae Amphora coffeaeformis. Results showed that PMOX coatings provide effective reduction of the settlement regardless of the molar mass and surface charge of the polymer. Bacterial adhesion test showed that PMOX coatings effectively reduce Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli adhesion. Owing to its good stability and antifouling activity PMOX has a great potential as antifouling coating for marine antifouling applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 275–283 相似文献
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Structures and antifouling properties of low surface energy non-toxic antifouling coatings modified by nano-SiO_2 powder 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国科学B辑(英文版)》2008,(9)
Antifouling coatings are used to improve the speed and energy efficiency of ships by preventing or- ganisms, such as barnacles and weed, building up on the underwater hull and helping the ships movement through the water. Typically, marine coatings are tributyltin self-polishing copolymer paints containing toxic molecules called biocides. They have been the most successful in combating bio- fouling on ships, but their widespread use has caused severe pollution in the marine ecosystem. The low surface energy marine coating is an entirely non-toxic alternative, which reduces the adhesion strength of marine organisms, facilitating their hydrodynamic removal at high speeds. In this paper, the novel low surface energy non-toxic marine antifouling coatings were prepared with modified acrylic resin, nano-SiO2, and other pigments. The effects of nano-SiO2 on the surface structure and elastic modulus of coating films have been studied, and the seawater test has been carried out in the Dalian Bay. The results showed that micro-nano layered structures on the coating films and the lowest surface energy and elastic modulus could be obtained when an appropriate mass ratio of resin, nano-SiO2, and other pigments in coatings approached. The seawater exposure test has shown that the lower the sur- face energy and elastic modulus of coatings are, the less the marine biofouling adheres on the coating films. 相似文献
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Biofouling is a major problem facing the marine industry. Since toxic antifouling coatings were banned globally due to their negative impacts on the marine environment, the development of environmental-friendly and efficient antifouling coatings has been identified as a pressing need. As an alternative, the antifouling coatings inspired by corals have attracted a great deal of attention over these years. within the marine environment, corals have evolved an excellent antifouling capability. There are five major antifouling strategies applied by corals, including natural antifoulants, foul release effect, sloughing effect, soft tentacles, and fluorescence effect. In this paper, a brief review is conducted to introduce the antifouling coatings inspired by the five strategies. Moreover, a discussion is conducted about the existing problems with the five strategies and the direction of their further development is indicated. 相似文献
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Ribeiro E Stafslien SJ Cassé F Callow JA Callow ME Pieper RJ Daniels JW Bahr JA Webster DC 《Journal of combinatorial chemistry》2008,10(4):586-594
Assessment and down-selection of non-biocidal coatings that prevent the adhesion of fouling organisms in the marine environment requires a hierarchy of laboratory methods to reduce the number of experimental coatings for field testing. Automated image-based methods are described that facilitate rapid, quantitative biological screening of coatings generated through combinatorial polymer chemistry. Algorithms are described that measure the coverage of bacterial and algal biofilms on coatings prepared in 24-well plates and on array panels, respectively. The data are used to calculate adhesion strength of organisms on experimental coatings. The results complement a number of physical and mechanical methods developed to screen large numbers of samples. 相似文献
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Yinqiang Xia Vahid Adibnia Renliang Huang Frederic Murschel Jimmy Faivre Guojun Xie Mateusz Olszewski Gregory DeCrescenzo Wei Qi Zhimin He Rongxin Su Krzysztof Matyjaszewski Xavier Banquy 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2019,58(5):1308-1314
Demand for long‐lasting antifouling surfaces has steered the development of accessible, novel, biocompatible and environmentally friendly materials. Inspired by lubricin (LUB), a component of mammalian synovial fluid with excellent antifouling properties, three block polymers offering stability, efficacy, and ease of use were designed. The bottlebrush‐structured polymers adsorbed strongly on silica surfaces in less than 10 minutes by a simple drop casting or online exposure method and were extremely stable in high‐salinity solutions and across a wide pH range. Antifouling properties against proteins and bacteria were evaluated with different techniques and ultralow fouling properties demonstrated. With serum albumin and lysozyme adsorption <0.2 ng cm?2, the polymers were 50 and 25 times more effective than LUB and known ultralow fouling coatings. The antifouling properties were also tested under MPa compression pressures by direct force measurements using surface forces apparatus. The findings suggest that these polymers are among the most robust and efficient antifouling agents currently known. 相似文献
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Kagya Amoako Rikki Kaufman Waad A. M. Haddad Romario Pusey Venkata H. K. Saniesetty Hao Sun David Skoog Keith Cook 《Macromolecular bioscience》2023,23(4):2200479
The artificial lung has provided life-saving support for pulmonary disease patients and recently afforded patients with severe cases of COVID-19 better prognostic outcomes. While it addresses a critical medical need, reducing the risk of clotting inside the device remains challenging. Herein, a two-step surface coating process of the lung circuit using Zwitterionic polysulfobetaine methacrylate is evaluated for its nonspecific protein antifouling activity. It is hypothesized that similarly applied coatings on materials integrated (IT) or nonintegrated (NIT) into the circuit will yield similar antifouling activity. The effects of human plasma preconditioned with nitric oxide-loaded liposome on platelet (plt) fouling are also evaluated. Fibrinogen antifouling activities in coated fibers are similar in the IT and NIT groups. It however decreases in coated polycarbonate (PC) in the IT group. Also, plt antifouling activity in coated fibers is similar in the IT and NIT groups and is lower in coated PC and Tygon in the IT group compared to the NIT group. Coating process optimization in the IT lung circuit may help address difference in the coating appearance of outer and inner fiber bundle fibers, and the NO-liposome significantly reduces (86%) plt fouling on fibers indicating its potential use for blood anticoagulation. 相似文献
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R. Dineshram R. Subasri K.R.C. Somaraju K. Jayaraj L. Vedaprakash Krupa Ratnam S.V. Joshi R. Venkatesan 《Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces》2009,74(1):75-83
Titania, niobia and silica coatings, derived from their respective nanoparticle dispersions or sols and fabricated on soda lime glass substrates were subjected to field testing in marine environment for antimacrofouling applications for marine optical instruments. Settlement and enumeration of macrofouling organisms like barnacles, hydroides and oysters on these nanoparticle-based metal oxide coatings subjected to different heat treatments up to 400 °C were periodically monitored for a period of 15 days. The differences observed in the antifouling behaviour between the coated and uncoated substrates are discussed based on the solar ultraviolet light induced photocatalytic activities as well as hydrophilicities of the coatings in case of titania and niobia coatings and the inherent hydrophilicity in the case of silica coating. The effect of heat treatment on the photocatalytic activity of the coatings is also discussed. 相似文献