1,4-二硝基-2,3-二硝胺基哌嗪的合成

本文以乙二胺, 乙二醛和脲为原料, 通过Mannich反应, 合成出2,5,7,9-四氮杂双环[4.3.0]壬-8-酮盐酸盐(1); 化合物1 亚硝化给出2,5-二亚硝基-2,5,7,9-四氮杂双环[4.3.0]壬-8-酮(2); 硝化化合物2制得2,5,7,9-四硝基-2,5,7,9-四氮杂双环[4.3.0]壬-8-酮(3); 化合物3水解制得1,4-二硝基-2,3-二硝胺基哌嗪(4).     

(1R,6R)-(+)-鱼腥藻毒素的合成

鱼腥藻毒素(Anatoxin-a)是自兰藻类水华鱼腥藻(Anabaena flos-aquae)中分离的一种氮杂双环胺类生物碱,其化学结构及绝对构型经X光晶体衍射法测定分析为:(1R,6R)(+)-2-乙酰基-9-氮双环[4.2.1]壬-2-烯,简称为AnTX-a。     

含烯烃配体的过渡金属卡宾配合物的研究X: 从1,5-环辛二烯三羰基铁配合物合成新奇的η^6-芳烃二羰基铁配合物

研究了以含环状非共轭双烯配体的1,5-环辛二烯三羰基铁为原料,与芳基锂反应,用Et3OBF4烷基化,以进一步研究不同环烯烃配体在卡宾配合物中的异构化行为和对反应产物的影响,用元素分析,红外光谱,核磁共振氢谱,质谱确定了八个新化合物的结构.用X-射线结构测定进一步证实了9-(η^6-芳烃二羰基铁)-9-三甲基硅氧基双环[4.2.1]壬-2-烯的分子结构.     

双环芳香性

本文按照Goldstein-Hoffmann的“链带模式”理论介绍了双环芳香性。同时,对(CH)_n长环离子的合成、结构与性质作了扼要的描述,它们包括双环[3.2.2]壬三烯基、双环[3.3.2]癸三烯基、双环[4.2.1]壬三烯基及双环[4.3.2]十一碳四烯基离子。     

比阿陪南双环母核的合成

从水杨酰胺出发,通过环合、酰化、Reformatsky反应、取代和Dieckmann环化反应,合成了碳青霉烯类抗生素比阿陪南的关键中间体--比阿陪南双环母核{(4R,5R,6S)-6-[(R)-1-叔丁基二甲基硅氧乙基]-3-二苯基磷酰氧基4-甲基-7-氧代-1-氮杂双环-[3.2.0]庚-2-烯-2-羧酸烯丙酯},总收率43.1%,其结构经1H NMR确证.     

杂环光化学Ⅴ.烯类与1,3-二甲基-6-氮杂胸腺嘧啶的光环合加成反应

1974年Sweeton等人首先报道了这一反应^[1]。1981年樊美公等报道了1,3-二甲基-6-氮杂胸腺嘧啶(A)与庚烯-1的反应^[2],1986年又相继报道了含有极性基团的烯类与A的反应。本文通过这类反应合成了新化合物:1,2,4-三氮杂-2,4,6,7-四甲基-3,5-二氧-8-正丁基双环[4,2,0]辛烷(Ⅰ)和1,2,4-三氮杂-2,4,6-三甲基-3,5-二氧叁环[6,4,0,0^7,12]十二烷甲基衍生物(Ⅱ)。     

新型苯乙酰脒类化合物的合成及其感光性能

以氢化铝锂为还原剂,甲基叔丁基醚为溶剂,1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]-5-壬烯(1)于55℃反应9 h制得1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]壬烷(2),收率87.9%,纯度95.0%。2分别与溴代苯乙酮(3a),对甲氧基溴代苯乙酮(3b)和对溴基溴代苯乙酮(3c)进行消除反应合成了3个新型的苯乙酰基潜双环脒类化合物(4a~4c),其结构经1H NMR和LC-MS表征。采用正交实验对合成4a~4c的反应条件进行了优化。在最佳反应条件[以甲苯为溶剂,3a 25.2 mmol,n(3a)∶n(K2CO3)∶n(2)=1.0∶2.0∶1.4,于15℃反应24 h]下,1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]-5-苯乙酰基壬烷(4a)收率89.0%,纯度87.9%。感光性能研究结果表明,1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]-5-(4-甲氧基)苯乙酰基壬烷(4b)经紫外曝光400 mJ·cm-1,其引发性能最强,分解转化近45%;曝光2 000 mJ·cm-1,4b分解转化近90%。     

杂环光化学IV.1,2,4-三氮杂-双环[4.2.0]辛烷衍生物的光化学合成

通过1,3-二甲基-6-氮杂胸腺嘧啶与含极性取代基的烯类化合物的光环合加成反应,合成了1,2,4-三氮杂-2,4,6-三甲基-3,5-二氧-8-乙酰基-双环[4.2.0]辛烷的三个差异构体(6R,8S)-1a,(6S,8R)-2a和(6R,8R)-3a;1,2,4-三氮杂-2,4,6-三甲基-3,5-二氧-8-氰基-双环[4.2.0]辛烷的两个差相异构体(6S,8R)-2b和(6R,8R)-3b以及1,2,4-三氮杂-2,4,6-三甲基-3,5-二氧-8-羧甲酯基的两个差相异构体.讨论了该反应的区域选择性,以及产物的立体化学。     

1-(3-芳亚甲基氨基)丙基-2,8,9-三氧杂-5-氮杂-1-硅杂双环[3,3,3]十一烷金属络合物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

我们曾对1-亚甲基氨基烷基-2,8,9-三氧杂-5-氮杂-1-硅杂双环[3,3,3]十一烷的合成及其抗肿瘤活性作过研究,发现1-[3-(2-羟基苯亚甲基氨基)丙基]-2,8,9-三氧杂-5-氮杂-1-硅杂双环[3,3,3]十一烷和1-[3-(2,4-二羟基苯亚甲基氨基)丙基]-2,8,9-三氧杂-5-氮杂-1-硅杂双环[3,3,3]十一烷具有较好的抗肿瘤活性。已知亚甲胺类(Schiff碱)化合物与某些金属离子形成络合物后,能提高它们的抗肿瘤活性。为此,我们进一步研究了这两种亚甲胺衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性。     

杂环光化学 Ⅳ.1,2,4-三氮杂-双环[4.2.0]辛烷衍生物的光化学合成

通过1,3-二甲基-6-氮杂胸腺嘧啶与含极性取代基的烯类化合物的光环合加成反应,合成了1,2,4-三氮杂-2,4,6-三甲基-3,5-二氧-8-乙酰基一双环[4.2.0]辛烷的三个差向异构体(6R,8S)-1a,(6S,8R)-2a和(6R,8R)-3a;1,2,4-三氮杂-2,4,6-三甲基_3,5-二氧-8-氰基-双环[4.2.0]辛烷的两个差相异构体(6S,8R)-2b和(6R,8R)-3b以及1,2,4-三氮杂-2,4,6-三甲基-3,5-二氧-8-羧甲酯基的两个差相异构体.讨论了该反应的区域选择性,以及产物的立体化学.     

Herstellung der reinen,bicyclischen Olefine Bicyclo[4.2.1]non-2-en,Bicyclo[4.2.1]non-3-en und Bicyclo[4.2.1]non-7-en

Synthesis of the pure, bicyclic olefines Bicyclo[4.2.1]non-2-ene, Bicyclo[4.2.1]non-3-ene and Bicyclo[4.2.1]non-7-ene The synthesis of the olefines bicyclo[4.2.1]non-2-ene ( 3 ), bicyclo[4.2.1]non-3-ene ( 4 ) and bicyclo[4.2.1]non-7-ene ( 5 ) of high ‘certified’ purity from one common precursor ( 7 ) is described.     

[2 + 2]-Cycloadditions to Strained Bridgehead Olefins. II. Diphenylketene

The strained bridgehead olefins bicyclo [3.3.1]non-1-ene ( 1 ), bicyclo [4.2.1 ]non-1(8)-ene ( 2 ), and bicyclo [4.2.1]non-1-ene (3), and the comparable monocyclic (E)-1-methylcyclooctene ( 4 ) react with diphenylketene ( 6 ) to give a single cycloadduct 7 , 8 , 9 and 10 , respectively, in which the diphenyl-substituted C-atom is bound to the bridgehead. The structure of the cyclobutanone 8 has been determined by X-ray analysis of a twin crystal obtained by crystallization with spontaneous enrichment of enantiomers.     

1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions to Strained Olefins

The Bredt olefins bicyclo [3.3.1]non-1-ene (2) , bicyclo [4.2.1]non-1 (8)-ene (3) , and bicyclo [4.2.1]non-1 (2)-ene (4) react rapidly with 1,3-dipoles such as diazomethane, phenyl azide, and mesitonitrile oxide to yield mixtures of two regioisomeric cycloadducts 10, 11 and 12 , respectively. On the contrary, cycloaddition to the comparable monocyclic 1-methyl-(E)-cyclooctene (5) is fairly regioselective. 2-Methylnorborn-2-ene (6) gives one isomer with mesitonitrile oxide (as do less strained olefins), but mixtures with diazomethane and phenyl azide. ¹H-NMR. and ¹³C-NMR. spectra of the cycloadducts are reported. The results are discussed in the light of frontier molecular orbital theory.     

Synthesis of Bridged Bicyclic Molecules using Halocarbenes. Derivatives of bicyclo[4.2.1]nonane

The addition of dichlorocarbene (generated by the interaction of sodium methoxide and ethyl trichloroacetate) to bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-ene, its 3-chloro and exo-3,4-dichloro derivatives gives the exo 1 : 1 adducts in yields of 94, 89 and 48%. By suitable chemical reactions of these adducts, convenient syntheses of bicyclo[4.2.1]nona-2,4-diene and bicyclo[4.2.1]non-3-ene, together with their monochloro, dichloro and trichloro derivatives are obtained. Bicyclo[4.2.1]-nonan-3-one is also obtained from bicyclo[4.2.1]non-3-ene in a synthesis starting from the readily available 5-hydroxymethylnorborn-2-ene in an overall yield of 20%.     

A facile synthesis of strained bridgehead olefins by a gas-phase elimination reaction

A synthesis of bicyclo[3.3.1]non-1-ene $\text{1}$ and of a 10:1 mixture of bicyclo[4.2.1]non-1(8)-ene $\text{2}$ and bicyclo[4.2.1]non-1(2)-ene $\text{3}$ by gas-phase pyrolysis of the corresponding bridgehead acetates and chlorides is reported.     

[2 + 2]-Cycloadditions to Strained Bridgehead Olefins. I. 1, 1-Dichloro-2,2-difluoroethene

The strained bridgehead olefins bicyclo [3.3.1]non-1-ene ( 1 ), bicyclo [4.2.1] non--1-(8) ( 2 ), and bicyclo [4.2.1]non-1-ene ( 3 ) react rapidly with 1,1-dichloro-2, 2--difluoroethene ( 5 ) to yield mixtures of regioisomeric dichlorodifluorocyclobutanes 8/9, 10/11 and 12/13 , respectively. On the contrary, the reaction of 5 with the model compound (E)-l-methylcyclooctene ( 4 ) is completely regioselective. The structure of the cycloadducts has been elucidated mainly by ¹⁹F-NMR. and ¹³C-NMR. spectroscopy.     

Isomerisierung der Bis(triphenylphosphin)platin(0)-Komplexe von Bicyclo[4.2.1]non-1-en und Bicyclo[4.2.1]non-1(8)-en

Isomerization of the Bis(triphenylphosphine)platin(0) Complexes of Bicyclo[4.2.1]non-1-ene and Bicyclo[4.2.1]non-1(8)-ene Isomrisation of the Bredt-Olefins 3 and 7 as the bis (triphenylphosphine)-Pt(0) complexes 1 and 8 , respectively, has been observed. The bridgehead-olefin 3 as well as the bicyclic olefins 4 , 5 and 6 have also been isomerized with catalytical amounts of (ethylene)bis(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0) ( 2 ).     

Heterohomoconjugation versus heterobicycloconjugation in 9-thiabicyclo[4.2.1]nona-2,4,7-triene

The bridged heterocycles, 9-thiabicyclo[4.2.1]nonane (3), 9-thiabicyclo[4.2.1]non-7-ene (4), 9-thiabicyclo[4.2.1]nona-2,4-diene (5) and 9-thiabicyclo[4.2.1]nona-2,4,7-triene (2), were examined by photoelectron spectroscopy and the various MO levels theoretically located in each case by CNDO/S calculation. The combined information is best interpretable in terms of localized π interaction between sulfur and ethylene but not butadiene. The conclusion therefore is that thiabicyclotriene 2 is not a heterobicycloconjugated molecule but rather one best described as heterohomoconjugated.     

Formation of Isomeric 3-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes in a Reaction of 1-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)-2,4-dinitrobenzene with Sodium Borohydride,Formaldehyde, and Methylamine

Anionic hydride adduct of 1-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2,4-dinitrobenzene was brought into a double Mannich condensation with formaldehyde and methylamine to furnish a mixture of isomeric 3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes: 3-methyl-6-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-1,5-dinitro-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-6-ene and 3-methyl-6,6-ethylenedioxy-1,7-dinitro-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane. By means of NMR spectroscopy, X-ray difraction analysis, and quantum chemistry (PM3) we demonstrated that the spirocyclic isomer had chair-chair conformation with diequatorial orientation of substituents in positions 3 and 7.     

Stereoselective synthesis of cyclic ethers via bromine assistedepoxide ring expansion

9-Oxabicyclo[6.1.O]non-4-ene reacts with bromine to give stereoselectively trans, trans-2,6-dibromo-9-oxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane and trans, trans-2,5-dibromo-9-oxabicyclo[4.2.1]nonane.