Is physics at the threshold of a new stage of evolution?

Starting from Planck's thesis concerning the aims and methods of theoretical physics as stated in his famous lecture (Leiden, 1908) onDie Einheit des physikalischen Weltbildes and his lectures in the next year at Columbia University, we discuss some aspects of physics and mathematics in our time. We compare relativity theory, quantum mechanics, and atomic physics at their inception with the situation today in field theories, elementary particle physics, and mathematical physics.     

中国工程物理研究院的核物理、核技术及相关学科的研究

本文概要地介绍中国工程物理研究院的核物理、核技术及相关学科的研究与发展．内容包括九个方面;脉冲核反应体系的诊断学;中子学（微观与积分中子核数据、粒子输运）;高高化态原子物理学;激光惯性约束核聚变与高温高密度等离子体物理;Ｘ射线激光;加速器物理与技术（含自由电子激光与微波研究）:核电子学;核军备控制物理学及核技术应用等． This paper briefly introduces the research and development of nuclear physics,nuclear technology and related disciplines at CAEP.It contains nine brenches: diagnostics ofpulsed nuclear reaction assembly,neutronics multi-charged atomic physics, laser fusion andplasma physics, X-ray laser,accelerator physics and technology, nuclear electronics, nuclear arms control physics and applications of nuclear technology.     

量子物理学百年回顾

简述了量子物理学诞生的背景。它的诞生,打开了人们认识微观物质世界运动规律的大门。物质属性及其微观结构问题,只有在量子物理的基础上才在原则上得以解决．量子力学提供了所有现代科学的基础支柱。在过去一百年中,量子物理不仅对于说明众多自然现象取得了无与伦比的成功,它还引发了大量的技术应用。由于量子物理学的基本概念与人们日常生活经验如此不同,诞生伊始至今,对于量子力学原理的诠释存在持续不断的争论。量子理论以前所未有的深度改变了人们的世界观。     

Status and Prospects of HIRFL Experiments

The research activities at HIRFL cover the fields of radio-biology,material science,atomic physics,and nuclear physics.This report mainly concentrates on the experiments of nuclear physics with the existing and planned experimental setups such as SHANS,RIBLL1,ETF,CSRe and PISA at HIRFL.     

Heavy ions at the LHC: Physics perspectives and experimental program

Ultrarelativisitc heavy ion physics is entering the new era of collider experiments with the start-up of RHIC at BNL and construction for detectors at LHC well under way. At this cross-roads, the article will give a summary of the experimental program and our current view of heavy ion physics at the LHC, concentrating in particular on physics topics that are different or unique compared to current facilities.     

Methods for organizing the interaction of circulating particle beams with internal targets in nuclear physics experiments at synchrotrons and storage rings

The first methods for using internal targets and their further development for organization of nuclear physics experiments at synchrotrons and storage rings are reviewed. With these methods, new results are obtained and discoveries are made in physics of interactions of elementary particles and nuclei. Current uses of various internal targets and circulating particle beams in ongoing and projected research in particle physics, relativistic nuclear and spin physics, and physics of interactions of exotic and radioactive nuclei and for producing fluxes of secondary particles (mesons, neutrons, exotic and radioactive nuclei, etc.) for physics experiments are described.     

浅析ETA物理认知模型在中学物理习题教学中的应用

物理习题教学是中学物理教学的重要环节,能够帮助学生提高运用物理知识解决实际问题的能力.基于ETA物理认知模型,针对理论物理认知题型、实验物理认知到理论物理认知题型和应用物理认知题型3类题型的习题特点,总结出每类题型具体的应对策略.在习题教学过程中教师需要强化学生的物理基本知识和理论,帮助学生做好从实践到构建物理模型的过渡,引导学生做好理论与实际生活联系,为提升习题教学的有效性提供参考.     

Bruno Rossi and the Racial Laws of Fascist Italy

Bruno Rossi (1905–1993), one of the giants of 20th-century physics, was a pioneer in cosmic-ray physics and virtually every other aspect of high-energy astrophysics. His scientific career began at the University of Florence in 1928 and continued at the University of Padua until 1938, when the Fascist anti-Semitic racial laws were passed in Italy. He was dismissed from his professorship and was forced to emigrate, as described in unpublished letters and documents that display the international character of physics and physicists. His young bride Nora Lombroso, his love of physics, and the solidarity of the physics community gave him the courage to begin a new life in Copenhagen, Manchester, and in the New World at the University of Chicago, Cornell University, Los Alamos, and after the Second World War at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he became the center of a worldwide research network.     

论大学物理实验体系建设与教学改革

传统的物理实验是按普通物理、电子线路和近代物理等内容进行划分，这种体系突出了学科的系统性，但忽视了学科之间的兼容互补性，各学科相互独立，限制了学生跨学科思维能力和创新能力的培养，建立现代物理实验教学新体系是大学物理实验教学改革的必然趋势．新的物理实验体系应依照训练层次，划分为引导性实验、基本实验、综合性实验、设计性实验、研究性实验．并需要注重时代性和先进性，改革和更新大学物理实验教学内容，改革实验教学与管理模式，形成新的运行机制，从而达到学生素质和能力的提高．     

近代物理实验课程授课模式改革研究

近代物理实验对培养物理系学生的物理思想和进入物理领域的科学研究有着至关重要的作用.针对天津大学近代物理实验课程的现状,重新构建成体系化的课程目录及内容,改革教学方法,重新制定课程评价体系.改革后的教学模式更大程度地发挥了近代物理实验教学在人才培养、科研训练中不可或缺的实践意义.     

Methods to determine neutrino flux at low energies

We present a set of recommendations for the presentation of LHC results on searches for new physics, which are aimed at providing a more efficient flow of scientific information between the experimental collaborations and the rest of the high energy physics community, and at facilitating the interpretation of the results in a wide class of models. Implementing these recommendations would aid the full exploitation of the physics potential of the LHC.     

SPARC collaboration: new strategy for storage ring physics at FAIR

SPARC collaboration at FAIR pursues the worldwide unique research program by utilizing storage ring and trapping facilities for highly-charged heavy ions. The main focus is laid on the exploration of the physics at strong, ultra-short electromagnetic fields including the fundamental interactions between electrons and heavy nuclei as well as on the experiments at the border between nuclear and atomic physics. Very recently SPARC worked out a realization scheme for experiments with highly-charged heavy-ions at relativistic energies in the High-Energy Storage Ring HESR and at very low-energies at the CRYRING coupled to the present ESR. Both facilities provide unprecedented physics opportunities already at the very early stage of FAIR operation. The installation of CRYRING, dedicated Low-energy Storage Ring (LSR) for FLAIR, may even enable a much earlier realisation of the physics program of FLAIR with slow anti-protons.     

Heavy flavour physics and CP violation at LHCb: A ten-year review

Heavy flavour physics provides excellent opportunities to indirectly search for new physics at very high energy scales and to study hadron properties for deep understanding of the strong interaction. The LHCb experiment has been playing a leading role in the study of heavy flavour physics since the start of the LHC operations about ten years ago, and made a range of high-precision measurements and unexpected discoveries, which may have far-reaching implications on the field of particle physics. This review highlights a selection of the most influential physics results on CP violation, rare decays, and heavy flavour production and spectroscopy obtained by LHCb using the data collected during the first two operation periods of the LHC. The upgrade plan of LHCb and the physics prospects are also briefly discussed.     

毕奥-萨伐尔定律的教学研究

文章主要针对普通物理教材中引入毕奥-萨伐尔定律的不足,给出我们在教学过程中的具体处理方法：用实验方法得到磁现象的电流本质;结合微积分的方法及类比的方法得出毕奥-萨伐尔定律;通过＂基本体验、发现问题、分析问题和解决问题＂的研究过程提出场的概念.该方法注重知识之间的逻辑关系,注重物理实验与理论的结合,注重物理学思想和方法的渗透.     

从单元法教学到专题法教学——浅谈军校《近代物理实验》课程的教学改革

提出了一套军校《近代物理实验课程》的教学改革方案,其基本思想是：针对合训类学员的基础和培养特点,突出军校特色,在不太偏离新的近代物理实验教学大纲前提下,以专题教学形式重新＂包装＂近代物理实验课程,使得其更加系统化,同时增加军事领域中研究较为广泛的实验技术内容,在确保＂三性＂基础上,增添近代物理实验的趣味性和前沿性。     

Newtons „Principia Mathematica Philosophia”︁ und Plancks Elementarkonstanten

Newton's “Principia Mathematica Philosophia” and Planck's Elementary Constants Together with Planck's elementary constants Newton's principles prove a guaranteed basis of physics and “exact” sciences of all directions. The conceptions in physics are competent at all physical problems as well as technology too. Classical physics was founded in such a way to reach far beyond the physics of macroscopic bodies.     

Ettore Majorana’s Course on Theoretical Physics: A Recent Discovery

We analyze in some detail the course that Ettore Majorana gave on theoretical physics at the University of Naples between January and March 1938, just prior to his mysterious disappearance. We discuss, in particular, the recently discovered Moreno Lecture Notes, in which all of Majorana’s lectures are recorded, six of which are not present in those that are preserved in the Domus Galilaeana in Pisa, Italy. Antonino Drago is a retired professor of history of physics at the University of Naples “Federico II.” Salvatore Esposito is a researcher on theoretical physics and history of physics at the University of Naples “Federico II.”     

关于大学物理实验教学内容与课程体系的构想

本文通过对国内外物理实验教学和教材的比较研究，以及对多年来物理实验课教改经验的总结，提出了关于面向２１世纪大学物理实验教学内容与课程体系的构想．     

Charm physics — A field full of challenges and opportunities

In this review, we discuss some interesting issues in charm physics, which is full of puzzles and challenges. So far in this field, there exist many problems which have not obtained satisfactory answers yet as more unexpected phenomena Continue to be observed at the current facilities of high energy physics. Charm physics may become an ideal place for searching new resonances and studying non-perturbative QCD effects, moreover it is probably an area for exploring new physics beyond the Standard Model. More data will be available at the BE-SIII, B-factories, LHC and even the future ILC, which may open a wide window to a better understanding of its nature.      

QCD spin physics: Status and prospects for relativistic heavy-ion collider

We review some of the recent developments in QCD spin physics and highlight the spin physics program now underway at RHIC.