高功率法拉第隔离器多模退偏特性

理论分析了隔离器在高功率多模激光入射时的自退偏特性.结果表明:线性双折射致退偏与圆双折射致退偏均与入射光功率的平方成正比,线性双折射致退偏与光斑大小无关,而圆双折射致退偏随光斑半径的增大而减小.当光斑半径与旋转晶体半径相比很小时(R0/r0≥80)圆双折射引起的退偏大于线性双折射引起的退偏,当光斑半径接近旋转晶体半径(R0/r0≤3)时,与线性双折射引起的退偏相比,圆双折射引起的退偏可以忽略.对比单模激光入射,在同种条件下,多模入射使得线性双折射致退偏减小了0.4倍, 最小圆双折射致退偏减小为0.05倍.     

高功率法拉第隔离器多模退偏特性

理论分析了隔离器在高功率多模激光入射时的自退偏特性.结果表明：线性双折射致退偏与圆双折射致退偏均与入射光功率的平方成正比,线性双折射致退偏与光斑大小无关,而圆双折射致退偏随光斑半径的增大而减小.当光斑半径与旋转晶体半径相比很小时（R0/r0≥80）圆双折射引起的退偏大于线性双折射引起的退偏,当光斑半径接近旋转晶体半径（R0/r0≤3）时,与线性双折射引起的退偏相比,圆双折射引起的退偏可以忽略.对比单模激光入射,在同种条件下,多模入射使得线性双折射致退偏减小了0.4倍, 最小圆双折射致退偏减小为0.05倍.     

重频应用下等离子体电光开关热退偏损耗分析

 基于有限元数值方法,给出电光晶体KDP在高平均功率激光负载下温度场分布和应力场分布。在此基础上得到了折射率随温度变化、电光系数随温度变化、及应力双折射引入的退偏损耗。数值模拟显示：电光系数随温度变化和应力双折射是引起开关退偏损耗的主要因素。当入射激光平均功率为40 W、辐照时间为420 s时,KDP晶体最高温度为38.43 ℃,电光系数随温度变化及应力双折射引入的最大退偏损耗分别为2.38%和4.04%。实验测量了应力双折射导致的退偏损耗,实验结果和理论结果符合较好。     

粗糙热传导表面下激光介质的热效应

在考虑激光介质与热沉不完全接触导热的情况下,用面热源自适应调整算法计算了激光介质的温度场,研究了其热效应.表面附近相位差存在起伏且深入一定深度使热效应复杂化.随抽运功率的增大,表面附近相位差的起伏增强,而起伏深度变化不明显;接触面积增大,相位差起伏减小,起伏的深度有所减小.抽运功率较小时,热致衍射损耗随抽运功率的增大近似线性增大,高斯光半径越大,增大的斜率越大,当抽运功率增加到一定程度时,热致衍射损耗增大的趋势减缓,半径大的减缓较明显.在抽运光功率变化范围内,半径大的高斯光热致衍射损耗大于半径小的.高斯光半径较小时,接触面积对热致衍射损耗的影响不明显,当高斯光半径较大时,接触面积减小热致衍射损耗增大.     

高功率二极管泵浦模块热效应补偿研究

分析了作为放大器应用的高功率二极管泵浦模块NdYAG圆棒的热效应,包括热透镜效应和热致双折射所引起的退偏效应及其补偿方法.在光路中加入合适的负透镜可以对特定工作条件下激光棒的热透镜进行较好的补偿;使用两个增益和荧光分布等参数完全一致的泵浦模块作为放大级,在其间加入90°石英旋转片和4F像传递系统可以较好的补偿热致双折射所引起的退偏效应.并且对以上方法进行了实验验证,取得了良好的补偿效果,提高了泵浦模块的提取效率和激光输出功率.     

激光辐照下镀铬介质高吸收镜的热变形

为了分析激光辐照下反射镜热变形对光束质量的影响, 本文建立了激光光束45°角入射时镀铬介质高吸收镜的热固耦合模型, 对不同辐照光束下反射镜的热变形和镜体厚度对热变形的影响进行了分析, 并用哈特曼波前传感器对自由边界条件下的镜面热变形进行了检测。结果表明:吸收功率在0.085~0.185 W时, 镜面热变形随吸收功率的增加近似线性增加, 随辐照光斑的增加而减小;反射镜厚度在1~5 mm范围, 镜面热变形基本不变。在激光照射的初始阶段, 反射镜表面温度和热变形迅速增加, 在激光连续照射20 s后, 镜面温度增加量逐步变缓, 镜面热变形则在1 s以内就上升至0.27 μm, 之后变形量缓慢增加, 在100 s后达到相对稳定状态;关闭激光后, 镜面在120 s后恢复到初始状态。分析表明, 产生误差的因素主要为光斑大小和辐照光束入射角度。     

高功率光隔离器永磁系统的理论研究与优化

基于Halbach阵列永磁体的特点以及光隔离器对磁场的需求,设计了两种适用于高功率隔离器的永磁系统,分析了其磁场分布、磁场非均匀性对隔离度的影响,研究了磁体装配误差对磁场的影响。研究结果表明:通过引入斜向磁化永磁体,选择合适的磁化角度和磁体长度,可以提高永磁体的磁场强度,大幅度减小旋转器所需磁光晶体长度;受磁场非均匀性影响的隔离度与磁光晶体的孔径、长度以及入射激光的光斑半径有关,当晶体长度一定时,减小晶体半径和入射光的半径可以显著提高隔离度。在入射光半径为1.5mm、磁光晶体半径5mm时,对应的隔离度分别为105.8dB和45.4dB。     

折射型光限幅器中参量的最优化设计研究

以衍射理论为基础,用箝位输出功率表征限幅器的限幅效果,推导了折射型光限幅器出射功率的表达式.数值计算了连续激光照射下,限幅器出射功率、限幅能力和最佳限幅位置的变化规律.结果表明:限幅器的出射功率随入射功率的增加衰减振荡,其振荡周期取决于介质相对于光束焦点的位置;限幅器的限幅能力随入射光束腰半径和光阑孔径的变大而减弱;入射功率范围固定,入射光束腰半径和光阑孔径增大时,介质的最佳限幅位置向入射光束的焦点靠近,但是在某些入射功率范围内会存在多个最佳限幅位置;光限幅器的箝位输出功率随光阑线性透过率的增加存在线性增加和非线性增加两个不同区域,实际应用中应在线性增加区域确定光阑孔径的大小.     

折射型光限幅器中参量的最优化设计研究

以衍射理论为基础,用箝位输出功率表征限幅器的限幅效果,推导了折射型光限幅器出射功率的表达式.数值计算了连续激光照射下,限幅器出射功率、限幅能力和最佳限幅位置的变化规律.结果表明：限幅器的出射功率随入射功率的增加衰减振荡,其振荡周期取决于介质相对于光束焦点的位置;限幅器的限幅能力随入射光束腰半径和光阑孔径的变大而减弱;入射功率范围固定,入射光束腰半径和光阑孔径增大时,介质的最佳限幅位置向入射光束的焦点靠近,但是在某些入射功率范围内会存在多个最佳限幅位置;光限幅器的箝位输出功率随光阑线性透过率的增加存在线性增加和非线性增加两个不同区域,实际应用中应在线性增加区域确定光阑孔径的大小.     

激光二极管抽运氦气冷却钕玻璃叠片激光放大器热致波前畸变和应力双折射的数值模拟和实验研究

热效应仍是限制激光放大器向高功率、高光束质量进一步发展的瓶颈问题, 高效的热管理是抑制热效应的重要技术途径. 研究了基于激光二极管抽运氦气冷却的钕玻璃叠片激光放大器的热效应. 利用有限元数值模拟的方法, 分析了钕玻璃的温度、应力应变和应力双折射分布, 并计算了热致波前畸变和退偏损耗, 与实验结果符合得较好, 在热沉积为0.7 W/cm³的条件下, 6片钕玻璃总的热致波前畸变为6.77λ , 最大退偏量大于90%.     

Thermal effects in high-power Nd:YAG disk-type solid state laser

An investigation of thermal effects in a high-power Nd:YAG disk-type solid state laser pumped with different pump beam transverse profiles is carried out by numerical simulation based on the finite element method (FEM). Impact of the heat sink on the thermal effects is included in the simulation. The distribution of first principle stress, thermally induced birefringence, including the distribution and variation of the birefringence loss, are studied. The characteristics of the phase variation are analyzed with consideration of the temperature gradient, deformation, strain and thermal stress. Thermal lensing is explored as a function of pump power and of the radius pumped with different pump beam transverse profiles. The non-parabolic part of optical phase distortion is simulated. Furthermore, the characteristics of the bi-focus of the disk laser are also studied. Experiments on the maximum tensile stress distribution and depolarization loss are carried out. The presented calculations are in qualitative agreement with the experimental observations.     

高功率激光光束特性对激光加工的影响

决定光与物质相互作用的激光束的波长、入射角、偏振特性以及时间和空间特性是激光材料加工的主要光束特性。激光束的光束质量是其空间特性的量化反映。通过对两种不同激光加工系统输出激光光束质量进行测量和计算,根据多模激光束的聚焦理论,以及对激光深熔焊接实验结果的分析,研究了光束质量对深熔焊接焊缝成形的影响。结果表明,光束质量对聚焦光束的焦斑、聚焦角和焦深的影响不仅体现了激光源的可聚焦性,而且也标志了激光源的可加工能力,这是聚焦系统和焦点位置在选择过程中应该考虑的重要因素。     

Single rod efficient Nd:YAG and Nd:YALO lasers with average output powers of 46 and 47 W in diffraction limited beams with M<1.2 and 100 W with M<3.7

Using a new resonator concept guaranteeing fundamental mode operation, flashlamp pumped Nd lasers with average output powers of 46 and 47 W for the two materials were realized with beam qualities better than 1.2*DL. Due to the absence of thermally induced birefringence the efficiency of the Nd:YALO laser was up to 1.85% and thus 1.5 times higher than that of the realized Nd:YAG laser. The Nd:YALO laser output is linear polarized. Average output power of 100 W could be extracted from a Nd:YAG single rod oscillator with a beam quality of better than 3.7×DL.     

Generation of millimeter wave Gaussian beams and their propagation in a dielectric waveguide

Linearly polarized fundamental mode Gaussian beams were generated and coupled to a hollow circular oversized dielectric waveguide by placing the waist of the beam at the guide entrance. The transmission properties of the waveguide were characterized as a function of frequency for a variety of coupling conditions. These conditions included changes in the input beam waist radius, angle of incidence, and displacement perpendicular and parallel to the guide axis. It has been found that: 1.) power transmission is maximized when the waist of the input beam is centered at the guide input, injected normally, and has a radius of 0.43 times the waveguide radius, 2.) power transmission decreases rapidly with increasing angle of incidence and the rate of that loss increases with frequency, 3.) the waveguide preserves the linear polarization of the input beam, 4.) power transmission in the fundamental waveguide mode is not greatly affected by moderate displacements in the input beam position, and 5.) upon exit from the waveguide the launched EH₁₁ mode propagates as a fundamental mode Gaussian beam in the quasi-far field. The results compare favorably to the transmission theory of Belland and Crenn and approximately to the near and far field mode pattern theory of Degnan.     

Degradation of beam quality and depolarization of the laser beam in a step-index multimode optical fiber

The characteristics of a laser beam are altered during propagating through large-core multimode optical fibers. The distribution of modes excited by the input laser beam is modified by means of mode coupling on transmission through the fiber, leading to the degradation of beam quality and the depolarization of the delivered beam. The relationship between the beam quality factor (M²) of output beam from a large-core multimode fiber and the fiber length, as well as the relationship between the degree of polarization (V) of output beam from such a fiber and the fiber length, are introduced in this paper. When a laser beam was well launched into a large-core step-index multimode fiber, M² of the output beam was a compound tanh function of the fiber length. A linear polarization beam that well launched into such fiber suffered depolarization. The V of the output beam was an exponent function of fiber length. And the misalignment between beam axis and fiber axis made the beam quality degrade faster but made no difference of the utmost M² in the aligned and misaligned conditions. Also, the misalignment condition made the polarization of output beam degrade faster.     

Study on a Bessel–Gaussian beam laser

A new concept and the method are presented to obtain a laser beam output with high luminance and quality. Instead of using the conventional concept of “obtaining a single transverse mode through compressing the oscillating mode volume using a small aperture diaphragm”, the large multimode volume and the high output power are obtained by studying the physical mechanism of the expansion and coupling between a Bessel beam and a Gaussian beam. A high quality light beam (close to the diffraction limit) with high luminance and large intensity difference between the center and the edge is achieved simultaneously.     

多模光纤受激布里渊散射非相干组束的机理及理论模型

 基于布里渊散射耦合强度方程，分析了多模光纤受激布里渊散射非相干组束的机理，建立了其非相干组束的理论模型，并依据模型进行了理论计算。结果表明：在较长的多模光纤中，受激布里渊散射产生的Stokes光以LP­­₀₁模传输；其非相干组束过程是混合光分解成线偏振光的逆过程；计算的组束功率与T.H.Russel等人的实验结果相一致。最后，分析了组束光强的分布，表明了组束光强对模场尺寸的依赖关系，证明提高组束光强的有效措施是减小组束光的模场半径。