4,6-二甲氧基-2-嘧啶氨基甲酸甲酯的热力学研究

用精密自动绝热量热计测定了自行合成并提纯的4,6-二甲氧基-2-嘧啶氨基甲酸甲酯在80～380 K温区的摩尔热容.实验结果表明,在345～360 K温区,该化合物有一固-液熔化过程.经两次重复测定,得其熔化温度、摩尔熔化焓以及熔化熵分别为:(357.201±0.080) K, (26.289±0.029) kJ·mol^-1和(73.597±0.070) J·mol^-1·K^-1.通过分步熔化法得到该物质绝对纯样品的熔点为357.449 K.根据热力学关系和热容数据,计算出了该化合物相对于标准参考温度298.15 K的热力学函数.用DSC和TG热分析技术在300～500 K温区对该物质的热力学性质作了进一步研究,得到与绝热量热法一致的固-液熔化过程热力学参数,并得到该化合物蒸发过程的热力学参数:沸点为488.06 K,摩尔蒸发焓为81.73 kJ·mol^-1.     

1-甲基-3,5-二苯基-吡唑的低温热容和热力学性质

通过精密自动绝热热量计测量了自己合成并提纯1-甲基-3,5-二苯基-吡唑在78～370K温区的摩尔热容。实验结果表明,这个化合物有一个固-液熔化相变,其熔化温度、摩尔熔化焓以及摩尔熔化熵分别为：(332.903±0.152)K,(17463.48±21.81)J·mol^-1和(52.55±0.06)J·mol^-1·K^-1。通过分步熔化法得到样品的纯度和绝对纯样品熔点分别为：0.9954(摩尔分数)和333.115K。在热容测量的基础上计算出了该物质每隔5K的热力学函数值。用DSC技术对该物质的固液熔化过程作了进一步研究,结果与热容实验相一致。     

2-碘-3-硝基甲苯的低温热容和热力学性质

通过精密自动绝热热量计测定了2-碘-3-硝基甲苯(C~7H~6INO~2)在79～373K温区的摩尔热容。实验结果表明,这个化合物在331～340K温度区间有一个固-液熔化相变,其熔化温度、摩尔熔化焓、摩尔熔化熵以及该样品的化学纯度分别为：(339.311±0.13)J·mol^-^1·K^-^1和99.73%。用热容多项式议程进行数值积分获得了该物质在298.15～370K温区每隔5K的热力学函数值。用DSC分析对它的固-液相变过程作了进一步的研究。     

4-硝基苯甲醇的低温热容和标准摩尔生成焓

用精密自动绝热量热计测定了4-硝基苯甲醇（4-NBA）在78 ~ 396 K温区的摩尔热容。其熔化温度、摩尔熔化焓及摩尔熔化熵分别为:(336.426 ± 0.088) K, (20.97 ± 0.13) kJ×mol-1 和 (57.24 ± 0.36) J×K-1×mol-1.根据热力学函数关系式,从热容值计算出了该物质在80 ~ 400 K温区的热力学函数值 [HT - H298.15 K] 和[ST - S298.15 K]. 用精密氧弹燃烧量热计测定了该物质在T＝298.15 K的恒容燃烧能和标准摩尔燃烧焓分别为 (C7H7NO3, s)＝- ( 3549.11 ± 1.47 ) kJ×mol-1 和 (C7H7NO3, s)＝- ( 3548.49 ± 1.47 ) kJ×mol-1. 利用标准摩尔燃烧焓和其他辅助热力学数据通过盖斯热化学循环, 计算出了该物质标准摩尔生成焓 (C7H7NO3, s)＝- (206.49 ± 2.52) kJ×mol-1 .     

绝热量热和热分析研究8－羟基喹啉的热力学性质

采用绝热量热和热分析技术研究了8-羟基喹啉的热力学性质。用精密绝热量热仪测定了8-羟基喹啉在78 K ~370 K 温区的低温热容。根据实验测定的热容数据计算出了热容拟合方程及热力学函数,得到该物质的熔点、摩尔熔化焓和摩尔熔化熵分别是(345.74±0.15) K、(13.93±0.11) kJ· mol-1 和 (40.26±0.33) J·K-1·mol-1。 根据热力学函数关系式计算了其在78 K ~370 K 温区每隔5 K 的热力学函数 和 。通过部分熔化实验计算出该样品及其绝对纯物质的熔化温度分别是 345.601 K和345.761 K。根据Van’t Hoff方程计算出该样品纯度的摩尔分数为 0.9978。用DSC技术进一步考察了该物质的热稳定性。     

2-氨基-4，6-二甲氧基嘧啶的低温热容和热力学性质研究

通过精密自动绝热量热计测定了自行合成并提纯的2-氨基-4，6-二甲氨基嘧啶 在78-394 K温区的摩尔热容。实验结果表明，该化合物有一个固-液溶化相变，其 熔化温度、摩尔熔化焓以及摩尔熔化熵分别为：（370.97 ± 0.02）K，（29853. 91 ± 9.25） J·mol~(-1)和（80.45 ± 0.03）J·mol~(-1) · K~(-1)。通过分 步熔化法得到样品的纯度为0.9984 (摩尔分数)和绝对纯样品的熔点为371.031 K。 在热容测量的基础上计算出了该物质每隔5K的热力学函数值。DSC技术对基固-溶熔 化过程作了进一步研究，结果与热容试验相一致。     

腈菌唑的热容和热力学性质

通过小样品精密自动绝热热量计测定了自己合成并提纯的腈菌唑 (C₁₅H₁₇ClN₄) 在78 ～ 368K温区的低温摩尔热容。量热实验发现, 该化合物在363 ~ 372 K温区, 有一固-液熔化相变过程, 其熔化温度为 (348.800±0.06)K, 摩尔熔化焓、摩尔熔化熵及化合物的纯度分别为：(30931±11) J•mol^-1、(88.47±0.02) J•mol^-1•K^-1和0.9941(摩尔分数)。用差示扫描量热(DSC) 技术对该物质的固-液熔化过程作了进一步研究，结果与绝热量热法一致。     

甲氰菊酯的热容及热力学性质的研究

采用精密自动绝热量热测量了自已合成并提纯到0.9916(摩尔分数)的甲氰菊酯在80~400K温区的热容.在此温区发现一固液熔化相变.其熔化温度、摩尔熔化焓、摩尔熔化熵分别为:(322.476^+~-0.012)K,(18.57^+~-0.29)kj.mol^-^1,(57.59^+~-1.01)J.K^-^1.mol^-^1.报道了该物质每隔5K的热力学函数值,用热重法研究了该化合物的热分解,对试样的化学纯度进行了量热研究。     

2-噻吩乙酸的低温热容和热力学性质

用精密自动绝热量热计测定了2-噻吩乙酸在78～343 K温区内的摩尔热容. 实验结果表明, 在78～314和337～343 K温区内, 该化合物无相变及其他热异常现象发生, 将实验数据拟合得到了该化合物热容随温度变化的多项式方程; 在314～337 K温区内, 该物质发生固-液熔化相变, 其熔化温度、熔化焓、熔化熵及样品纯度分别确定为: 335.745 K, 16.260 kJ•mol^－1, 48.415 J•K^－1•mol^－1和98.555%. 根据热力学函数关系式, 由热容数据计算出了2-噻吩乙酸在80～340 K温区内相对于标准参考温度298.15 K的热力学函数值.     

苯氧威 (C17H19NO4) 的热容和热力学性质

通过小样品精密自动绝热量热计测定了自己合成并提纯的苯氧威 (C₁₇H₁₉NO₄) 在79 ～ 360 K温区的低温摩尔热容。量热实验发现, 该化合物在320 ~ 330 K温区, 有一固 - 液熔化相变过程, 其熔化温度为（326.31±0.14）K, 摩尔熔化焓、摩尔熔化熵及化合物的纯度分别为：(26.98±0.04) kJ• mol^-1和（82.69 0.09）J•mol^-1•K^-1和 (99.53±0.01 )%。并计算出了80-360 K的热力学参数。用分步熔化法得到绝对纯化和物的熔点为326.60±0.06 K。用差示扫描量热 (DSC) 技术对该物质的固-液熔化过程作了进一步研究，结果与绝热量热法一致。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.