参数振动系统响应的频谱成分及其分布规律

采用Sylvester理论和Fourier级数展开方法分别研究了参数振动系统自由响应和强迫响应的频谱特性(频谱成分及其分布规律),讨论了系统稳定性和阻尼对于频谱幅值的影响,并给出了系统外激励共振条件. 理论研究结果表明:由于参数激励作用使得系统响应具有多频特点,这些频谱成分与系统固有频率、参数激励频率和外激励频率具有密切联系,而且其在频域分布也呈现出一定的规律. 此外,参数振动系统具有多个外激励共振点,除了外激励频率等于系统固有频率将发生共振外,当外激励频率等于系统固有频率和参数激励频率的组合值时,同样将发生外激励共振现象.      

激光激励微型硅悬臂梁的振动特性研究

本文用光学探测方法研究了半导体硅悬臂梁的振动问题;运用基于外差干涉原理的实验装置得到了悬臂梁在激光激励下的振动响应（振动振幅和相位随调制激光频率的变化）;采用等离子波和热弹性波的数学模型,对悬臂梁的振动进行了理论分析;可看到实验与理论模拟结果吻合很好,同时通过分析可得振动相位与调制激光频率的平方根之间有线性关系。关键词词: 光学探测, 硅悬臂梁,振动.      

参数振动自由响应的指数三角级数逼近

研究了单自由度参数振动系统自由响应的指数三角级数逼近问题。根据系统调制反馈的概念,将自由振动响应表示为振荡频率与参数激励频率的线性组合。应用谐波平衡,将参数振动方程转化成无限阶线性代数方程组;从非零解条件给出特征方程,应用数值解得到振荡频率;采用逆矩阵运算,给出自由响应通解;结合初始条件确定自由响应。将文中的逼近方法与龙格-库塔法进行了对比,研究结果表明:两种算法的时域响应、响应相图具有较高的一致性,其中两种方法计算得到的均方根值误差为0.14%,可以忽略不计。本文提出的方法在以下方面具有优势:1与龙格-库塔法相比,本文用数学表达自由响应,有利于剖析参数振动自由响应的动力学性质,当参数指数为0.3的情况下,龙格-库塔法最大计算误差为1.5443,本文方法最大计算误差为9.911×10~(-9),计算精度上明显优于龙格-库塔法;2振动响应解的指数三角级数表达可以为工程应用,如为飞机机翼涡轮发动机的振颤运动提供方便的分析工具。     

谐波激励下斜拉桥面内非线性振动试验研究

斜拉桥拉索的振动问题一直是桥梁工程领域的研究热点。为揭示拉索大幅振动的力学机理，课题组建立了斜拉桥的全桥精细化模型，本文测试和研究了单频激励下的斜拉桥可能的非线性振动行为。首先，通过自由振动试验测试了模型的模态参数，并与两类有限元模型（OECS模型和MECS模型）进行对比，结果吻合良好。其次，试验研究了在单个竖向简谐激励下斜拉桥模型的非线性响应。研究发现：当激励频率与斜拉桥某阶全局模态频率接近时，主梁产生主共振，并引起多根长索产生大幅的参强振动；当激励频率与某根斜拉索面内一阶频率之比为1：2或者2：1时，可以观测到索中产生超谐波和亚谐波共振现象。     

双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器超谐波响应研究

超谐波响应是非线性振动系统在较大激励下表现的特性,在某种条件下双稳态振动能量捕获系统的超谐波响应可使系统产生优越的输出功率。本文将质量-非线性弹簧-阻尼系统与双稳态振动能量捕获器相结合,提出了附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器,建立系统的力学模型及控制方程。采用两项式谐波平衡法,获得了双稳态系统在简谐激励下产生大幅运动的基谐波和超谐波响应的解析解,借助数值仿真分析了质量比和调频比对双稳态振动能量捕获器产生大幅运动的影响规律,获得了双稳态系统的结构参数的最佳配置范围,且当外部激励频率处于低频段时,系统发电主要表现为超谐波发电,随着激励频率的增大,振动发电系统主要呈现基谐波发电。上述研究,为双稳态能量捕获装置的理论研究提供了参考。     

简谐激励下的双稳态振动能量收集器动力学分析

振动能量收集技术解决了移动电子系统对于电池的依赖。本文设计了一种基于水平摆的双稳态振动能量收集器,建立了其力学模型和动力学方程,借助雅可比矩阵获得了其稳定性条件,使用数值仿真的方法研究了系统响应特性随谐波激励频率与幅值的变化规律。研究发现:双稳态系统在低激励频率下较小的激励幅值也能产生大幅运动;而当频率越高,产生大幅运动所需要的激励幅值也越高;并且当激励频率确定时随着激励幅值的进一步增大,大幅运动的频带变宽。为双稳态振动能量收集器的研究提供理论基础。     

控制两相邻结构地震动响应的Maxwell模型流体阻尼器优化参数研究

运用被动连接单元减小相邻结构的振动被证明是一种行之有效的手段。将两相邻结构简化为两单自由度体系,用Maxwell模型模拟连接两相邻结构的流体阻尼器,分别导出了在地面白噪声激励下主结构平均振动能量最小或两相邻结构总平均振动能量最小这两个控制目标下流体阻尼器优化参数的一般表达式,该优化参数仅与两相邻结构的相对自振频率和相对质量有关,也讨论了两相邻结构的相对自振频率和相对质量对控制效果的影响。最后,运用具有不同相对参数的三类相邻结构在El Centro 1940 NS地震波作用下时域响应的数值结果说明了这种被动优化流体阻尼器能够非常有效地减小在地震作用下两相邻结构的振动响应。     

拱型结构振动控制的研究

将控制技术运用到拱型结构的振动控制中。运用单点和多点控制方法，将主动控制力表为位移，速度和加速度的线性函数，在频域内探讨了拱型结构某些关键部闰加速度频率响应随地面运动频率变化情况，研究了主动控制力参数对加速度响应的影响，并对带有主动控制装置的拱型结构在随机激励作用下的响应进行了分析。     

平稳/非平稳激励下中厚圆柱壳随机振动响应的基准解

圆柱壳结构被广泛应用于航空航天、船舶、汽车工程等领域.由于服役环境复杂,圆柱壳会受到随机激励作用,从而产生随机振动响应.本文针对考虑横向剪切变形和转动惯量的中厚圆柱壳,将虚拟激励法拓展到连续体结构,高效获得了各类随机激励下响应均方根的基准解.首先,开展了简支条件下中厚圆柱壳的自由振动分析,精确求得各阶自振频率和解析振型...     

相关演变随机激励下响应演变谱矩阵的表达式

引入演变频率响应矩阵的概念,时不变线性系统在矢量演变随机激励下的响应演变功率谱矩阵有十分简洁的形式,与平稳随机响应-激励功率谱矩阵的关系式十分相似.实质不同在于:此处的演变频率响应理应定义为零初始条件下、系统对演变复谐和激励的确定性瞬态响应.因此,演变随机响应问题就归结为相关演变复谐和激励下的确定性瞬态响应问题.响应演变谱矩阵的一般表达式覆盖了非均匀调制与均匀调制随机激励两种情形的结果.而同源演变随机激励情形只是其特例.     

Frequency response investigations of multi-input multi-output nonlinear systems using automated symbolic harmonic balance method

The frequency response characteristics of MIMO systems are investigated by using harmonic balance equations. For this purpose, the algorithm for the automatic generation of harmonic balance equations is extended to include MIMO systems. Then the method is applied to obtain the frequency response of an example model having two-input and two-output. Both the frequency response and its harmonics are validated by numerical solutions. The effect of input amplitude variations and phase differences of inputs on the frequency response are investigated. Direct computation of the resonance parameters depending on input amplitude and phase variations are also obtained for the example system.     

平稳高斯激励下线性结构随机振动分析的辅助简谐激励广义法

相比于时域法,频域法是更为高效、易行的随机振动分析方法,但对于平稳激励下的随机振动分析,现有频域方法常需振型截断或功率谱矩阵分解,将会影响计算精度和效率.为此,本文在频域法的框架下,针对平稳高斯激励下线性结构的随机振动分析提出了一种精确且高效的辅助简谐激励广义法.首先,引入广义脉冲响应函数和广义频响函数的概念,推导了与...     

受迫简谐响应分析中的特征值问题

无阻尼结构的受迫振动的共振频率与自由振动的特征值直接相关。在频域响应谱中,共振频率对应于响应峰值位置。指出频谱中的低谷(相对最小值)对应的频率也可用特征值问题求解。当最小值为0时,对应的频率是著名的反共振频率。另一种可能是,处于两个共振频率之间存在非零的最小响应,对应的频率称为最小响应频率。基于特征值问题的列式,反共振频率或最小响应频率的灵敏度分析可以直接通过已有的特征值灵敏度分析方法求解。给出了详细的数学推导并通过数值算例验证。     

关于虚拟激励法的一个注记

从具有随机频率与随机相位的随机谐和函数出发,证明了当随机频率与相位均为均匀分布而随机幅值与功率谱密度平方根成正比时,该随机过程的功率谱即精确地等于目标功率谱.进而表明:只需遍历频率区间,即可由单一谐和函数激励下的响应幅值给出响应的功率谱密度,从而揭示了虚拟激励法的物理意义.研究还表明:为了给出结构响应的功率谱密度,实际...     

Frequency lock-in phenomenon for oscillating airfoils in buffeting flows

Navier-Stokes based computer simulations are conducted to determine the aerodynamic flow field response that is observed for a NACA0012 airfoil that undergoes prescribed harmonic oscillation in transonic buffeting flows, and also in pre-buffet flow conditions. Shock buffet is the term for the self-sustained shock oscillations that are observed for certain combinations of Mach number and steady mean flow angle of attack even in the absence of structural motion. The shock buffet frequencies are typically on the order of the elastic structural frequencies, and therefore may be a contributor to transonic aeroelastic response phenomena, including limit-cycle oscillations. Numerical simulations indicate that the pre-shock-buffet flow natural frequency increases with mean angle of attack, while the flow damping decreases and approaches zero at the onset of buffet. Airfoil harmonic heave motions are prescribed to study the interaction between the flow fields induced by the shock buffet and airfoil motion, respectively. At pre-shock-buffet conditions the flow response is predominantly at the airfoil motion frequency, with some smaller response at multiplies of this frequency. At shock buffet conditions, a key effect of prescribed airfoil motions on the buffeting flow is to create the possibility of a lock-in phenomenon, in which the shock buffet frequency is synchronized to the prescribed airfoil motion frequency for certain combinations of airfoil motion frequencies and amplitudes. Aerodynamic gain-phase models for the lock-in region, as well as for the pre-shock-buffet conditions are suggested, and also a possible relationship between the lock-in mechanism and limit-cycle oscillation is discussed.     

Two mode sub-harmonic and harmonic vibrations of a non-linear beam forced by a two mode harmonic load

The non-linear transverse vibrations of a uniform beam with ends restrained to remain a fixed distance apart and forced by a two mode function which is harmonic in time, are studied by a corresponding two mode approach. The existence of sub-harmonic response of order 1/3 and harmonic response in the sub-harmonic resonance region of the forcing frequency is proved. Approximate solutions are found by Urabe's numerical method applied to Galerkin's procedure and by an analytical harmonic balance-perturbation method. Error bounds of the Galerkin approximations are given.     

Harmonic wavelets based response evolutionary power spectrum determination of linear and non-linear oscillators with fractional derivative elements

A harmonic wavelets based approximate analytical technique for determining the response evolutionary power spectrum of linear and non-linear (time-variant) oscillators endowed with fractional derivative elements is developed. Specifically, time- and frequency-dependent harmonic wavelets based frequency response functions are defined based on the localization properties of harmonic wavelets. This leads to a closed form harmonic wavelets based excitation-response relationship which can be viewed as a natural generalization of the celebrated Wiener–Khinchin spectral relationship of the linear stationary random vibration theory to account for fully non-stationary in time and frequency stochastic processes. Further, relying on the orthogonality properties of harmonic wavelets an extension via statistical linearization of the excitation-response relationship for the case of non-linear systems is developed. This involves the novel concept of determining optimal equivalent linear elements which are both time- and frequency-dependent. Several linear and non-linear oscillators with fractional derivative elements are studied as numerical examples. Comparisons with pertinent Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate the reliability of the technique.     

Forced response of quadratic nonlinear oscillator: comparison of various approaches

The primary resonances of a quadratic nonlinear system under weak and strong external excitations are investigated with the emphasis on the comparison of different analytical approximate approaches. The forced vibration of snap-through mechanism is treated as a quadratic nonlinear oscillator. The Lindstedt-Poincaré method, the multiple-scale method, the averaging method, and the harmonic balance method are used to determine the amplitude-frequency response relationships of the steady-state responses. It is demonstrated that the zeroth-order harmonic components should be accounted in the application of the harmonic balance method. The analytical approximations are compared with the numerical integrations in terms of the frequency response curves and the phase portraits. Supported by the numerical results, the harmonic balance method predicts that the quadratic nonlinearity bends the frequency response curves to the left. If the excitation amplitude is a second-order small quantity of the bookkeeping parameter, the steady-state responses predicted by the second-order approximation of the LindstedtPoincaré method and the multiple-scale method agree qualitatively with the numerical results. It is demonstrated that the quadratic nonlinear system implies softening type nonlinearity for any quadratic nonlinear coefficients.     

Drift response of a bilinear hysteretic system to periodic excitation under sustained load effects

This paper presents an investigation of response characteristics for hysteretic systems idealized as a bilinear hysteretic model subjected to period excitations composed of a harmonic function and a sustained load. It is shown that the displacement solution can exhibit a drift sequence persistently repeated at a frequency identical to the excitation frequency in the case of zero post-yielding stiffness. The periodic-like drift sequence is further classified into three major types according to their different hysteretic looping behaviors. An approximate solution approach based on the method of weighted residuals is proposed to analyze the drift amplitude per response cycle. The assumed response shape is composed of two concatenated harmonic functions each with a frequency slightly detuned from the excitation frequency. The method is accompanied with a subsequent first-order analysis to obtain a closed-form approximation for the drift response. Good response predictions of the proposed solution method are demonstrated through both undamped and damped drift-frequency analyses.     

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of a quarter vehicle system with external periodic excitation

In this paper, a nonlinear dynamic model of a quarter vehicle with nonlinear spring and damping is established. The dynamic characteristics of the vehicle system with external periodic excitation are theoretically investigated by the incremental harmonic balance method and Newmark method, and the accuracy of the incremental harmonic balance method is verified by comparing with the result of Newmark method. The influences of the damping coefficient, excitation amplitude and excitation frequency on the dynamic responses are analyzed. The results show that the vibration behaviors of the vehicle system can be control by adjusting appropriately system parameters with the damping coefficient, excitation amplitude and excitation frequency. The multi-valued properties, spur-harmonic response and hardening type nonlinear behavior are revealed in the presented amplitude-frequency curves. With the changing parameters, the transformation of chaotic motion, quasi-periodic motion and periodic motion is also observed. The conclusions can provide some available evidences for the design and improvement of the vehicle system.