随机过程的随机谐和函数表达

研究了随机过程的随机谐和函数表达及其性质. 首先证明了当随机谐和函数的频率分布与目 标功率谱密度函数形状一致时, 随机谐和函数过程的功率谱密度函数等于目标功率谱密度函 数. 进而, 证明了随机谐和函数过程的渐进正态性, 讨论了趋向正态分布的速率, 并采用 Pearson分布研究了一维概率密度函数的性质. 与已有的随机过程谱表达方式相比, 采用随 机谐和函数表达, 仅需要很少的展开项数, 即可获得精确的目标功率谱密度函数, 从而大大 降低了与之相关的随机动力系统分析的难度. 最后, 以多自由度体系的线性和非线性响应分 析为例, 验证了随机谐和函数模型的有效性和优越性.     

采用重要抽样法的结构动力可靠度计算

首次对比分析了结构动力可靠度计算的三种重要抽样法,并对部分方法进行了补充修正.单元失效域法补充了依据随机教决定抽样区间的产生方法,根据单元失效域的条件概率和权重系数给出重要抽样密度函教.方差放大系数法直接通过激励过程的特性给出重要抽样密度函数的具体表达式.功率谱法的重要抽样密度函数仅为激励幅值的函数,根据结构反应的功率谱密度增大激励幅值的方差,建议幅值样本值的联合概率密度函数可表示为幅值样本值分量的概率密度函数的连乘形式.结果表明:对于线性体系三种方法的计算效率均比Monte-Carlo法有显著提高,而单元失效域法的计算效率又比另两种方法高.     

相关演变随机激励下响应演变谱矩阵的表达式

引入演变频率响应矩阵的概念,时不变线性系统在矢量演变随机激励下的响应演变功率谱矩阵有十分简洁的形式,与平稳随机响应-激励功率谱矩阵的关系式十分相似.实质不同在于:此处的演变频率响应理应定义为零初始条件下、系统对演变复谐和激励的确定性瞬态响应.因此,演变随机响应问题就归结为相关演变复谐和激励下的确定性瞬态响应问题.响应演变谱矩阵的一般表达式覆盖了非均匀调制与均匀调制随机激励两种情形的结果.而同源演变随机激励情形只是其特例.     

简支梁桥系统诱发周边场地随机振动响应分析

基于平稳随机振动理论和环境振动传播链条的随机性,将车辆简化为两自由度模型,考虑简支梁桥上车辆移动系统与桥面接触处不平顺产生的随机激励,并假设:车辆分布满足均匀分布;桥墩为基底固定的柱;地面为弹性半空间体,推导得到车-简支梁桥系统诱发地表振动响应的功率谱密度函数计算公式.通过参数分析和计算仿真的结果表明:简支梁桥系统对地表作用力的平均功率谱密度函数有三个峰值,车辆力学模型的自振频率决定了左起第一个峰值和第二个峰值的位置,桥梁的竖向刚度决定了平均功率谱密度函数的第三个峰值的位置,且频域分布密度主要集中在0~120Hz;频率为0~21Hz时,弹性半空间垂直加速度响应功率谱的幅值随Rayleigh波波速的增加而减小,频率大于31Hz后其幅值随Rayleigh波波速的增加而增大;通过与实测分析结果对比,可知本文理论分析结果能够大致反映环境振动频谱的分布范围(10~100Hz),一定程度上验证了本文分析方法的正确性.     

基于小波-Galerkin方法的结构随机动力响应功率谱的确定

在最近发展的周期广义谐和小波PGHW(Periodic Generalized Harmonic Wavelet)的基础上,通过小波-Galerkin方法推导得到了线性单自由度结构的随机动力响应功率谱密度。在此过程中,利用PGHW的解析形式及其在频域内的特殊性:(1)推导得出了PGHW的联系系数(Connection Coefficient)的解析形式;(2)基于PGHW及其联系系数,利用小波-Galerkin方法推导得到了线性单自由度系统在确定性激励下的响应;(3)得到了在具有演变功率谱的随机动力激励下单自由度线性振子的随机响应功率谱解答。数值算例表明,无论是确定性响应解答,还是随机动力响应的功率谱密度,小波-Galerkin法的计算结果均能较好地吻合数值解。     

基于S变换的非平稳随机过程演变功率谱密度估计

提出了一种基于S变换的估计Priestley非平稳随机过程演变功率谱密度的方法。此方法的根本在于,相对于S变换的"变换核",Priestley非平稳随机过程的调制函数为慢变函数。因此,非平稳随机过程的S变换可视为相位修正后的另一非平稳随机过程。推导出了对应于特定频率点的S变换瞬时均方值和非平稳随机过程演变功率谱密度之间的关系式。将功率谱密度函数表达为有限个频率点的级数展开,通过求解一组代数方程,就能得到级数展开中每个频率点的时变系数,由此,可给出非平稳随机过程的演变功率谱密度。由于级数展开中的高斯形状函数不依赖于时间,因此,本文所提算法具有较高的计算效率。最后,给出了均匀调制和非均匀调制非平稳随机过程演变功率谱估计的算例。     

改进的基于雅可比椭圆函数的随机平均法

改进了基于雅可比椭圆函数的随机平均法,用于预测高斯白噪声激励下硬弹簧及软弹簧系统的随机响应.引入包含雅可比椭圆正弦函数、余弦函数及delta函数的雅可比椭圆函数变换,导出关于响应幅值和相位的随机微分方程.应用随机平均原理,将响应幅值近似为Markov扩散过程,建立其平均的It随机微分方程.响应幅值的稳态概率密度由相应的简化Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov方程解出,进而得到系统位移和速度的稳态概率密度.以Duffing-Van der Pol振子为例,研究了硬弹簧及软弹簧情形下的随机响应,通过与Monte-Carlo数值模拟结果比较证实了本文方法的可行性及精度.     

爆破地震地面运动的演变功率谱密度函数分析

按照Priestly提出的演变随机过程理论，对非平稳随机过程的演变功率谱密度函数进行了理论推导，并给出了定义。在此基础上，建立了基于均匀调制随机过程的爆破地震动演变功率谱密度函数。经对比发现，理论模型计算值与实验测试结果具有较好的一致性。     

关于功率谱密度与风速谱的注记

探讨了随机过程中双边功率谱密度负频率引入的原因,实际的频谱函数应将负频率项与相应正频率项成对合并起来而直流分量保持不变,此即单边功率谱所表达的含义.对目前文献中给出的单边功率谱的表达式和单边功率谱与双边功率谱的关系式进行了修正,并对维纳-辛钦公式的变换形式也做了相应的修正,指出其修正前后在不同风速谱实际应用中的区别.算例证明了本文所给公式的正确性.     

窄带随机噪声作用下单自由度非线性碰撞系统的响应

研究了单自由度非线性单边碰撞系统在窄带随机噪声激励下的次共振响应问题。用Zhuravlev变换将碰撞系统转化为速度连续的非碰撞系统,然后用随机平均法得到了关于慢变量的随机微分方程。在没有随机扰动情形,得到了系统响应幅值满足的代数方程;在有随机扰动的情形下,给出了系统响应稳态矩计算的迭代公式。讨论了系统阻尼项、非线性项、随机扰动项和碰撞恢复系数等参数对于系统响应的影响。理论计算和数值模拟表明,系统响应幅值将在激励频率接近于次共振频率时达到最大。而当激励频率逐渐偏离次共振频率时,系统响应迅速衰减。     

Isotropic layered soil–structure interaction caused by stationary random excitations

Soil–structure interaction emanating from seismic stationary random excitations is studied using the pseudo-excitation method in combination with the precise integration method. The soil considered is a viscoelastic, transversely isotropic and layered half space and the structure which it supports is modelled by the finite element method. The excitation sources are random field ones that are stationary in the time domain and are located in the soil. The pseudo-excitation method is used to transform this stationary random soil–structure interaction problem into a series of deterministic harmonic response analyses and the precise integration method is used to integrate the ordinary differential equations in the frequency–wavenumber domain. The power spectral densities of the soil–structure interaction responses caused by the stationary random excitations are investigated.     

A Volterra-PEM approach for random vibration spectrum analysis of nonlinear systems

In this paper, the Volterra series and the pseudo-excitation method (PEM) are combined to establish a frequency domain method for the power spectral density (PSD) analysis of random vibration of nonlinear systems. The explicit expression of the multi-dimensional power spectral density (MPSD) of the random vibration response is derived analytically. Furthermore, a fast calculation strategy from MPSD to physical PSD is given. The PSD characteristics analysis of the random vibration response of nonlinear systems is effectively achieved. First, within the framework of Volterra series theory, an improved PEM is established for MPSD analysis of nonlinear systems. As a generalized PEM for nonlinear random vibration analysis, the Volterra-PEM is used to analyse the response MPSD, which also has a very concise expression. Second, in the case of computation difficulties with multi-dimensional integration from MPSD to PSD, the computational efficiency is improved by converting the multi-dimensional integral into a matrix operation. Finally, as numerical examples, the Volterra-PEM is used to estimate the response PSD for stationary random vibration of a nonlinear spring-damped oscillator and a non-ideal boundary beam with geometrical nonlinearity. Compared with Monte Carlo simulation, the results show that by constructing generalized pseudo-excitation and matrix operation methods, Volterra-PEM can be used for input PSD with arbitrary energy distribution, not only restricted to broadband white noise excitation, and accurately predict the secondary resonance phenomenon of the random vibration response of nonlinear systems in the frequency domain.

     

Responses of Duffing oscillator with fractional damping and random phase

This paper aims to investigate dynamic responses of stochastic Duffing oscillator with fractional-order damping term, where random excitation is modeled as a harmonic function with random phase. Combining with Lindstedt–Poincaré (L–P) method and the multiple-scale approach, we propose a new technique to theoretically derive the second-order approximate solution of the stochastic fractional Duffing oscillator. Later, the frequency–amplitude response equation in deterministic case and the first- and second-order steady-state moments for the steady state in stochastic case are presented analytically. We also carry out numerical simulations to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method with good agreement. Stochastic jump and bifurcation can be found in the figures of random responses, and then we apply Monte Carlo simulations directly to obtain the probability density functions and time response diagrams to find the stochastic jump and bifurcation. The results intuitively show that the intensity of the noise can lead to stochastic jump and bifurcation.     

地震动随机场投影展开法

本文发展了随机场投影展开方法,对地震动随机场进行变界近似解析展开。地震动采用自功率谱与具有高斯指数衰减的相关函数模型。本文方法只须求解一次随机场特征值问题,具有简单和展开误差小的特点,非常适应结构多点随机输入分析。     

考虑轨道不平顺的车-桥动力分析

考虑轨道不平顺，采用整体车辆和桥梁组合的计算模型。对高架轨道进行车-桥动力分析。对给定的功率谱密度函数，构造等效的频谱幅值和随机相位后再作Fourier逆变换来模拟轨道不平顺，结果表明新方法比通常的三角级数法更为有效，对于轨道平顺及不平顺两种情况，针对两种车速计算车体和桥梁的动力反应。结果表明，轨道不平顺以及车速提高对桥梁跨中位移的影响较小，但对桥梁跨中加速度的影响较大而且高频反应明显增大。轨道不平顺对车体振动的影响较大，振动的幅值和频率都大大提高，车速增大时，尽管车体加速度反应明显增大，但是其位移则变化不大。同时，采用模拟与实测两种不平顺样本的计算结果表明，本文采用功率谱密度函数的模拟方法可以基本反映轨道的实际不平顺情况。     

Dynamical responses of airfoil models with harmonic excitation under uncertain disturbance

In this paper, we investigate nonlinear dynamical responses of two-degree-of-freedom airfoil (TDOFA) models driven by harmonic excitation under uncertain disturbance. Firstly, based on the deterministic airfoil models under the harmonic excitation, we introduce stochastic TDOFA models with the uncertain disturbance as Gaussian white noise. Subsequently, we consider the amplitude–frequency characteristic of deterministic airfoil models by the averaging method, and also the stochastic averaging method is applied to obtain the mean-square response of given stochastic TDOFA systems analytically. Then, we carry out numerical simulations to verify the effectiveness of the obtained analytic solution and the influence of harmonic force on the system response is studied. Finally, stochastic jump and bifurcation can be found through the random responses of system, and probability density function and time history diagrams can be obtained via Monte Carlo simulations directly to observe the stochastic jump and bifurcation. The results show that noise can induce the occurrence of stochastic jump and bifurcation, which will have a significant impact on the safety of aircraft.     

Stochastic P-bifurcation analysis of a fractional smooth and discontinuous oscillator via the generalized cell mapping method

The smooth and discontinuous oscillator with fractional derivative damping under combined harmonic and random excitations is investigated in this paper. The short memory principle is introduced so that the evolution process of the oscillator with fractional derivative damping can be described by the Markov chain. Then the stochastic generalized cell mapping method is used to obtain the steady-state probability density functions of the response. The stochastic response and bifurcation of the oscillator with fractional derivative damping are discussed in detail. We found that both the smoothness parameter, the noise intensity, the amplitude and frequency of the harmonic force can induce the occurrence of stochastic P-bifurcation in the system. Monte Carlo simulation verifies the effectiveness of the method we adopt in the paper.     

Analysis of period-doubling bifurcation in double-well stochastic Duffing system via Laguerre polynomial approximation

The Laguerre polynomial approximation method is applied to study the stochastic period-doubling bifurcation of a double-well stochastic Duffing system with a random parameter of exponential probability density function subjected to a harmonic excitation. First, the stochastic Duffing system is reduced into its equivalent deterministic one, solvable by suitable numerical methods. Then nonlinear dynamical behavior about stochastic period-doubling bifurcation can be fully explored. Numerical simulations show that similar to the conventional period-doubling phenomenon in the deterministic Duffing system, stochastic period-doubling bifurcation may also occur in the stochastic Duffing system, but with its own stochastic modifications. Also, unlike the deterministic case, in the stochastic case the intensity of the random parameter should also be taken as a new bifurcation parameter in addition to the conventional bifurcation parameters, i.e. the amplitude and the frequency of harmonic excitation.     

基于虚拟激励法的大跨度桥梁非平稳随机振动分析闭合解

针对大跨度结构考虑地面空间运动的非一致地震响应分析问题，结合虚拟激励法，应用傅里叶分析建立了结构非平稳随机振动响应演变功率谱分析的频域方法。建立的方法完全基于频域执行，给出了响应演变功率谱的闭合解表达式。由于实现了确定性调制过程与随机过程的有效分离，应用离散傅里叶变换进行计算不需要较高的采样分析频率就可以获得较好精度的数值结果。数值算例研究了某斜拉桥的考虑地面运动空间效应非平稳随机地震响应，与通常时频分析方法进行对比，验证了本文频域方法的正确性和有效性。