甲苯胺蓝修饰石墨电极为基体的乙醇脱氢酶生物传感器

报道了电流型乙醇生物传感器。该传感器以甲苯胺蓝键合修饰浸蜡石墨电极为基体电极，将醇脱氢酶、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（ＮＡＤ＾＋）同时固定在蚕丝蛋白膜上，成为无试剂的醇传感器。在ｐＨ８．５的Ｔｒｉｓ－ＨＣｌ介质中，该传感器的响应电极与乙醇浓度在５．０×１０＾－５￣１．１０×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内有良好的线性关系。响应时间为２０ｓ。本文讨论了影响传感器响应的各种因素。用该传感器测定了啤酒中乙醇的含量，     

甲苯胺蓝修饰石墨电极为基体的乙醇脱氨酶生物传感器

报道了电流型乙醇生物传感器。该传感器以甲苯胺蓝键合修饰浸蜡石墨电极为基 体电极，将醇脱氢酶、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（ＮＡＤ＋）同时固定在蚕丝蛋白膜上，成为无试剂 的醇传感器。在 ｐＨ ８． ５的 Ｔｒｉｓ－ＨＣｌ介质中，该传感器的响应电流与乙醇浓度在 ５． ０× １０－５～ １．１０×１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内有良好的线性关系。响应时间为２０ｓ。本文讨论了影响传感器响应 的各种因素。用该传感器测定了啤酒中乙醇的含量，结果与气相色谱法一致。     

色谱法测定乙醇扩散系数及乙醇深度氧化的内扩散影响

用脉冲色谱峰加宽非稳态法测定乙醇在Ｐｔ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂中４００－４８０℃之间的有效扩散系数。乙醇孔扩散活化能为５．４６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。当用０．４５－０．６０ｍｍ催化剂时，乙醇的完全氧化在动力学区域进行、氧分压过量时，此区域的反应速率遵循乙醇０．１级速度方程。     

Cu/ZnO/Al2O3/ZrO2催化剂上乙醇脱氢合成乙酸乙酯Ⅰ.催化反应性能及机理

研究了经ＺｒＯ２改性的Ｃｕ／ＺｎＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ的催化性能，考察了操作条件，ＺｒＯ２含量及不同原料的影响，发现经共沉淀法制备了Ｃｕ／ＺｎＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＺｒＯ２具有最佳的反应活性及选择性以９５％乙醇为原料，在２６５℃，ＷＨＳＶ１．５ｈ＾－１，乙醇转化率为６９．０％，乙酸乙酯选择性为７０．２％，使用无水乙醇为原料要好地９５％乙醇，使用乙醛或醇醛混合原料，亦有乙酸乙酯生成，乙醇在此催化剂上的反应机理为乙醇     

微生物电极法测定啤酒中乙醇含量

用自制的乙醇微生物电极建立了一种测定啤酒中乙醇含量的新方法。该法具有良好的精密度和准确度，其测定结果与比重瓶法和气相色谱法相一致，回收率为９７．３％－１０４．９％。该电极线性范围为０．３－１２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，６０天测定６００余次，其灵敏度基本稳定。测试的最适酸度范围为ｐＨ６．４－７．３，温度为３２－３４℃，测定一个样品需５－８ｍｉｎ。     

过硫酸钾存在下人血清白蛋白的极谱平行催化氢波及其应用

报道 Ｋ２Ｓ２Ｏ８存在下人血清白蛋白（ＨＳＡ）的极谱平行催化氢波。在 ０．４ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ　ＮＨ３－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ（ｐＨ ８．５８）－０．０１ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｋ２ｓ２Ｏ８支持电解质中，ＨＳＡ产生一个平行催化氢波，峰电位为－１．８５ Ｖ（ｖｓＡｇ／ＡｇＣｌ）。该平行催化氢波二阶导数峰电流与 ＨＳＡ浓度在 ２．６ × １０－９～９．６ × １０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围呈线性关系。用于人血清样和尿样中ＨＳＡ的测定，结果满意。     

溶出伏安法测定水中痕量钴

在０．０１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ．Ｈ２Ｏ－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ和３．０×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ安息香缩氨基硫脲体系中，钴产生一灵敏的还原波，其峰电位是－０．９４Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），峰电流与钴的浓度在２．０×１０－８－１．０×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内成直线关系，检测限为５．０×１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，该法测定水中痕量钴结果令人满意。     

聚邻苯二胺修饰电极抗坏血酸氧化酶生物传感器的研究

本文报道了聚邻苯二胺／抗坏血酸氧化酶生物传感器，用这种传感器测定人体血清中的抗坏血酸，线性范围在１．０×１０＾－４～２．５×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ之间，响应时间为７ｓ，检测限为１．０×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。该传感器具有选择性好、灵敏度高和响应时间短等特点。     

多波长叠加近红外吸收光谱法直接测定酒精饮料中的乙醇

利用乙醇在１３８２ｎｍ，１６９１ｎｍ和１７３０ｎｍ处的吸光度值，采用多波长叠加近红外吸收光谱法测定乙醇的含量。结果表明，乙醇在０％～２４％（Ｖ／Ｖ）浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系；回归方程为： Ａ＝ ０． ０１７５４＋ ０． ０４７４７Ｃ；相关系数ｒ＝０． ９９９４。用该法可直接测定葡萄酒、啤酒和黄酒中乙醇的含量，６次平行测定的ＲＳＤ分别为；葡萄酒４．０％，啤酒２．５％，黄酒２．４％。回收率为９７．５％～１０５．０％，本方法具有操作简便，准确和快速等优点。     

5—（5—硝基—2—吡啶偶氮）—2,4—二氨基甲苯与钌的显色反应及其应用

报道以５－（５－硝基－２－吡啶偶氮）－２，４－二氨基甲苯（５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＤＡＴ＿作为测定钌的分光光度法。在４０％乙醇存在下ＰＨ４．０－６．５乙酸－乙酸钠缓冲溶液中５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＤＡＴ与Ｒｕ（Ⅱ）形成稳定的红色络合物。该络合物的无机酸作用下，可转变为另一型人有较高吸收特性的络合物，适宜酸度范围分别为０．１２－２．０ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ，０．１２－１．２ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌＯ４，０．１２－１．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ     

Theoretical investigation on the reaction mechanisms of O2-initiated gas-phase oxidation of lignin model compounds

Transforming renewable lignin into high value-added chemicals is a forward-looking strategy to address the resource waste caused by insufficient utilization of biomass resources. On this basis, studying the efficient conversion of lignin to aldehydes/acids and their reaction mechanisms has become an attractive topic. A systematic investigation of the gas-phase oxidation reaction mechanisms of the three model compounds initiated by O₂ was carried out at the atomic and molecular levels by using density functional theory (DFT). Further revealing of oxidation behavior on two reaction sites of phenolic hydroxyl group and hydroxymethyl group were accomplished in detail. The potential energy surface information of 21 possible reaction channels of two pathways were obtained at B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level. The influence of substituent effects on the reaction energy barrier was estimated. The calculation results showed that the reactivity of phenolic hydroxyl group is stronger than that of hydroxymethyl group, because the reaction Gibbs potential barriers are lower by about 4.9–8.7 kcal/mol. The reaction energy barriers on phenolic hydroxyl group site and hydroxymethyl group site decrease with the increase of the number of methoxy groups. Revealing the oxidation processes of lignin model compounds will provide a deeper understanding on the reaction mechanism and provide theoretical support for further experimental research on the conversion of lignin into high value-added chemicals.     

镝促进下醛、酮与炔丙基溴及苯基炔丙基溴的高 选择性反应

在金属镝的促进下,醛、酮可与炔丙基溴反应,高选择性高产率地得到相应的高炔丙醇,没有发现连二烯醇的存在。当用苯基炔丙基溴代替炔丙基溴与醛、酮反应时,主要得到了相应的连二烯醇,而没有发现高炔丙醇的存在,由此提出了六元环过渡态的反应机理。     

On the PdCl2-catalyzed synthesis of allylic azides and allylic sulfonamides from homoallylic alcohols

According to experimental and literature data, the one-pot formation of allylic azides or sulfonamides from catalytic amounts of PdCl₂, homoallylic alcohols and TMSN₃ or TsNH₂ occurs through CC migration followed by regioselective nucleophilic addition on the Pd^II-activated CC bond and β-OH elimination.     

Regioselective dehydroxytrifluoromethylthiolation of allylic and propargylic alcohols with AgSCF3

The reaction of easily available Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) alcohols with AgSCF₃ in the presence of n-Bu₄NI and KI affords primary allylic SCF₃ products in high yields and excellent regioselectivities. This regioselective dehydroxytrifluoromethylthiolation protocol could also be extended to propargylic alcohols for the preparation of the primary propargylic SCF₃ products.     

以锆盐为交联剂的耐盐型聚乙烯醇高吸水树脂的合成

以锆盐为交联剂的耐盐型聚乙烯醇高吸水树脂的合成刘德荣，颜杰，刘习奎，刘兴勇（四川轻化工学院化学工程系自贡６４３０３３）关键词聚乙烯醇锆盐络合树脂，耐盐型聚乙烯醇吸水树脂，磷酸化聚乙烯醇本研究采用两种方法在聚乙烯醇中引人磷酸根．（ｌ）聚乙烯醇和磷酸反应...     

Schiff-base Amino Alcohol-zinc Complex for Enantioselective Addition of Phenylacetylene to Aromatic Ketones

A complete study of the asymmetric addition of phenylacetylene to ketones catalyzed by Schiff-base amino alcohol-Zn complex is reported in this article. The Schiff-base amino alcohols were easily prepared from amino acids in three steps. When the amount of ligand was 1%（molar fraction）, an e.e. value up to 94% was obtained. A series of practical chiral ligands were applied in the enantioselective addition of phenylacetylene to ketones without adding another stronger Lewis acid except zinc.     

磷钼酸盐作为反应控制相转移催化剂催化氧化醇

以磷钼酸盐[C₇H₇N(CH₃)₃]₃{PO₄[MoO(O₂)₂]₄}为反应控制相转移催化剂, 用过氧化氢水溶液为氧化剂, 在液相选择性氧化醇制备醛的反应中, 发现该催化剂具有良好的催化活性. 在H₂O₂与醇的物质的量比为0.75的条件下, 产物中未检测到任何副产物, 基于H₂O₂的醇转化率最高达到95.2%. 反应结束时, 催化剂以沉淀的形式析出, 回收率不低于78%. 以苯甲醇的氧化为探针反应, 详细考察催化剂的反荷阳离子和溶剂种类对反应控制相转移现象和催化活性的影响. 结果表明, 选择 [C₇H₇N(CH₃)₃]^＋作为反荷阳离子和乙腈为溶剂, 体系出现了反应控制相转移催化的特征. 催化剂循环使用三次, 在保持较高回收率的同时其催化活性无明显降低, 说明该催化剂具有良好的稳定性.     

Indium-mediated Barbier-type allylation of aldehydes as a convenient method for the highly enantioselective synthesis of homoallylic alcohols

We report a general method for the indium-mediated Barbier-type enantioselective allylation of both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes using commercially available (1S,2R)-(+)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethanol as a chiral auxiliary. Using only two equivalents of allyl bromide, excellent yields and very good to excellent enantioselectivities are obtained. To our knowledge, the enantioselectivities reported herein are the highest obtained for indium-promoted allylations of carbonyl compounds.     

三乙胺催化丙炔醇的聚合

本文应用三乙胺催化聚合丙炔醇。研究了该聚合反应的特征及动力学行为。制得带有光泽的褐色粘性固体产物,聚丙炔醇显示半导体及顺磁特性。     

A Novel Dual Drug Approach That Combines Ivermectin and Dihydromyricetin (DHM) to Reduce Alcohol Drinking and Preference in Mice

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) affects over 18 million people in the US. Unfortunately, pharmacotherapies available for AUD have limited clinical success and are under prescribed. Previously, we established that avermectin compounds (ivermectin [IVM] and moxidectin) reduce alcohol (ethanol/EtOH) consumption in mice, but these effects are limited by P-glycoprotein (Pgp/ABCB1) efflux. The current study tested the hypothesis that dihydromyricetin (DHM), a natural product suggested to inhibit Pgp, will enhance IVM potency as measured by changes in EtOH consumption. Using a within-subjects study design and two-bottle choice study, we tested the combination of DHM (10 mg/kg; i.p.) and IVM (0.5–2.5 mg/kg; i.p.) on EtOH intake and preference in male and female C57BL/6J mice. We also conducted molecular modeling studies of DHM with the nucleotide-binding domain of human Pgp that identified key binding residues associated with Pgp inhibition. We found that DHM increased the potency of IVM in reducing EtOH consumption, resulting in significant effects at the 1.0 mg/kg dose. This combination supports our hypothesis that inhibiting Pgp improves the potency of IVM in reducing EtOH consumption. Collectively, we demonstrate the feasibility of this novel combinatorial approach in reducing EtOH consumption and illustrate the utility of DHM in a novel combinatorial approach.