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按照Hamada构造一维至三维球棒式碳纳米管,构造了一些球棒式的笼烯接头的具有C3/C5旋转轴的单层碳纳米管.在Hückel近似下,利用群论约化定理计算了它们的π电子结构,并对其稳定性进行了探讨. 相似文献
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扶手椅型单壁碳纳米管的理论研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用半经验的AM1和PM3 方法,对不同长度的扶手椅型单壁碳纳米管(3,3)进行了理论研究.讨论了其几何结构、前线轨道的分布情况和红外光谱.结果表明:碳纳米管中的六边形不再像石墨中的六边形,而是发生了变形;从碳纳米管的中间到两端,各层碳原子在前线轨道中的轨道系数的平方和呈现规律性衰减的锯齿状变化;用AM1方法计算得扶手椅型单壁碳纳米管(3,3)的红外特征吸收波数约在1290~1645cm-1之间. 相似文献
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Examined in this paper is the role of the metal electrode influencing the structure and electronic properties of semiconducting carbon nanotubes near the interface at low bias. Specifically, we present quantum-chemical calculations of finite sections of a (8,0) semiconducting single wall nanotube contacted with gold and palladium clusters. The calculations at the density functional level of theory, which included full geometry optimizations, indicate the formation of bonds between the metal atoms of the electrode and the carbon atoms of the nanotube. The local work function of the metal electrode can be expected to exhibit significant variations as a result of this bond formation. Compared to the gold-contacted nanotubes, the palladium-contacted nanotubes have a small but interesting increase in both length and diameter. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the gold-contacted nanotube are shown localized at the edges. In contrast, the HOMO and LUMO of the palladium-contacted nanotube are extended over the entire nanotube and the metal cluster contacted to it, providing thereby a better conduction path in the contact region of the electrode and the nanotube. The involvement of the highly directional d orbitals in the interactions involving the palladium cluster leads to an enhanced pi electron density in the nanotube. This enhanced pi electron density is synonymous with an improved electron transmission. 相似文献
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The electronic structure and chemical bonding of Sm(Ind)3 were studied by using INDO calculation method.The results showed that the 6s 6P and 5d orbitals of Sm mixed with the atomic orbitals of ligands to some extent while the 4f orbital of Sm was strongly localized,participating in bonding less than 2%.The HOMO and the LUMO were of π-type.The chemical bond of Sm(Ind)3 is considerably covalent in character.The net charge distribution on the carbon atoms of the indenyl group is unequal.The Some bonds in Sm(Ind)3 THF is discussed. 相似文献
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Taku Onishi 《中国化学会会志》2016,63(1):83-86
Helium Covalency Chemical bonding rule Dimer Cubic structure In order to investigate the helium covalency, molecular orbital calculations were performed for helium dimer and helium‐containing La2/3‐xLi3xTiO3 perovskite and HeC8 cube. There were orbital overlap between helium 1s orbitals in helium dimer. In HeTi8O12 and HeC8 models, helium had orbital overlap with oxygen and carbon, respectively. From chemical bonding rule, it was concluded that helium can form covalent bonding with oxygen and carbon. 相似文献
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Minea TM Bouchet-Fabre B Lazar S Point S Zandbergen HW 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2006,110(32):15659-15662
Vertically aligned well-separated N-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown on a silicon substrate by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Angular near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) was used to investigate the vertical alignment of as-grown CNTs. In addition, both individual tubes and tube bundles were characterized by high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS). Simultaneous analysis of both spectroscopic techniques provides information on chemical environment, orbital orientation between carbon and heteroatoms, and local curvature effects. We demonstrate the utility of NEXAFS as an in situ probe of CNTs. 相似文献
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《Radiation Physics and Chemistry》2006,75(11):1939-1942
Many applications based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) require chemical modification of carbon nanotube to optimize the functionalities of the device. In this contribution we discuss the properties of SWNTs immersed in a hydrobromic acid (HBr) solution. Changes of atomic and electronic structures of bromine modified SWNTs were investigated using photoelectron spectroscopy (PES). Spectra of SWNTs before and after immersion in the HBr solution exhibit different features. To understand the mechanism of interaction between SWNTs and bromine, we performed density-functional theory calculations to reveal the structural changes, adsorption energy and chemical bonding information of SWNTs interacting with bromine. In addition, based on the Gelius model, from the molecular orbitals (MOs), we calculated ultraviolet photoelectron spectra (UPS) of SWNTs with and without functionalizing and compared them with the experiment. The present study is a first step in the understanding of the functionalization mechanism of carbon nanotubes. 相似文献
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用分子轨道来描述有机反应的过程对于正确理解有机反应的机理非常重要,分子轨道可以清楚地描述出反应的选择性和立体化学等信息。本文讨论了脂肪和芳香亲核取代、芳香亲电取代、加成和消除等几种经典有机化学反应过程的分子轨道描述。 相似文献
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Evangelista F Carravetta V Stefani G Jansik B Alagia M Stranges S Ruocco A 《The Journal of chemical physics》2007,126(12):124709
An experimental and theoretical study of the electronic structure of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) molecule is presented. We performed x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and photoabsorption [x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES)] gas phase experiments and we compared the results with self-consistent field, density functional theory (DFT), and static-exchange theoretical calculations. In addition, ultraviolet photoelectron spectra (UPS) allowed disentangling several outer molecular orbitals. A detailed study of the two highest occupied orbitals (having a(1u) and b(1g) symmetries) is presented: the high energy resolution available for UPS measurements allowed resolving an extra feature assigned to vibrational stretching in the pyrrole rings. This observation, together with the computed DFT electron density distributions of the outer valence orbitals, suggests that the a(1u) orbital (the highest occupied molecular orbital) is mainly localized on the carbon atoms of pyrrole rings and it is doubly occupied, while the b(1g) orbital, singly occupied, is mainly localized on the Cu atom. Ab initio calculations of XPS and XANES spectra at carbon K edge of CuPc are also presented. The comparison between experiment and theory revealed that, in spite of being formally not equivalent, carbon atoms of the benzene rings experience a similar electronic environment. Carbon K-edge absorption spectra were interpreted in terms of different contributions coming from chemically shifted C 1s orbitals of the nonequivalent carbon atoms on the inner ring of the molecule formed by the sequence of CN bonds and on the benzene rings, respectively, and also in terms of different electronic distributions of the excited lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and LUMO+1. In particular, the degenerate LUMO appears to be mostly localized on the inner pyrrole ring. 相似文献
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The reaction of C2 with growing single-wall carbon nanotubes of different chiralities is investigated using density functional theory. It is found that the energy of the frontier orbitals for (5,5) and (6,6) armchair carbon nanotubes exhibits periodic behavior with an increasing number of carbon atoms in the nanotube. Such periodic behavior induces oscillations in the reaction energy released by adsorption of C2 to the nanotube open edge. In contrast, the energy of the frontier orbitals of the (6,5) chiral tube remains constant as the number of C atoms increases, and the same stability is observed in the adsorption energy. It is suggested that this may be one of the reasons for the low percent of armchair single-wall carbon nanotubes found in the experimental synthesis. 相似文献
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The formation of carbon nanotubes on copper electrodes under the arc discharge conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The results of experiments on the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases in electric arc discharge between copper electrodes and the
results of computer simulation by the method of molecular orbitals have been presented. The complex of studies of the plasma-chemical
method of carbon nanotubes formation from carbon vapor showed the feasibility of growing carbon nanotubes on copper nanoparticles,
which can be promoters for the reaction of the formation of hexagonal structures similar to carbon nanotubes. 相似文献
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用INDO法从正则分子轨道和定域分子轨道讨论了[CuCl_3]~-的电子结构和化学键,铜的4p轨道对成键贡献最大,3d轨道不参与成键。根据[CuCl_3]~-的HOMO和LUMO的原子轨道成份,讨论了它的配位化学性质。 相似文献
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Fukui提出的前线轨道理论在预测反应活性方面获得了极大的成功。在某些情况下,除了前线轨道之外,还必须考虑其它轨道之间的相互作用。本文提出赝轨道的概念,将所有内层轨道的作用包括在赝轨道参数之内。扩展了前线轨道理论的适用范围。并用硝基苯和苯睛的硝化反应的定位效应为例说明了赝轨道指数的应用。 相似文献
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The concept of pseudo orbital has been proposed, which includes the interactions of all the orbitals and extends the applicable limit of Fukui's frontier orbitals. An example shows that the pseudo orbital reactivity indexes are probably able to explain more complicated phenomena in chemical reactions. 相似文献