PREPARATION OF LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLY（GLYCIDYL METHACRYLATE） BY PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION

Low molecular weight poly（glycidyl methacrylate）s （PGMAs） were prepared by photopolymerization in ethyl acetate, with benzophenone （BP） as photoinitiator, and triethylamine （TEA） as hydrogen donor. The existence of semipinacol dormant end groups in PGMA was confirmed by FT-IR and ^1H-NMR, and the content of the semipinacol dormant groups was determined quantitatively by ^1H-NMR measurement. The effects of various thctors, such as reaction time, BP concentration and monomer concentration on the synthesis of the polymers were investigated systematically. The molecular weights of the polymers were also investigated with GPC. It is shown that increasing BP concentration and decreasing irradiation time and monomer concentration led to a significant decrease of the molecular weights.     

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Selenium-functionalized Poly(ε-caprolactone)

A selenium-functionalizedε-caprolactone was synthesized by introducing a phenyl selenide group at the 7-position.A polymer was obtained through the ring-opening polymerization of this monomer in a base/thiourea binary organocatalytic system.A living polymerization process was achieved under mild conditions.The resulting polymers had a controlled molecular weight with a narrow molecular weight distributions and high end-group fidelity.Random copolymers could be obtained by copolymerizing this monomer withε-caprolactone.The thermal degradation temperature of the obtained copolymers decreased with the increasing molar ratio of selenide functionalized monomer in copolymers,while the glass transition temperature increased.In addition,the phenyl selenide side group could be further modified to a polyselenonium salt,which resulted in a polymer with good antibacterial properties.The survival rate of E.coli and S.aureus was only 9%with a polymer concentration of 62.5μg/mL.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THERMOTROPIC COPOLYESTERS AND COPOLY (ESTER-AMIDE)S CONTAINING OXYETHYLENE-ETHER AS THE SPACER

Flexible oxyethylene-ether was introduced into the aromatic copolyesters and copoly(es-ter-amide)s to reduce the melting point of resulting polymers. The melting point was greatlyreduced to 200℃ or even lower in some cases, and the molecular weight was satisfactorilyhigh as reflected by inherent viscosity. The polymers exhibited high thermal stability and goodmechanical properties as determined by TGA and mechanical tests. The copolyester showedbetter crystallinity and liquid crystallinity than corresponding copoly(ester-amide)s with simi-lar monomer composition as reflected by POM observation and WAXD study. The meltingpoints for both copolyesters and copoly (ester-amide)s showed great dependence on the p-acetoxybenzoic acid (PAB) content in monomer composition and reached the lowest valuewhen PAB was 29 mol%.     

PHOTOINITIATED INVERSE EMULSION POLYMERIZATION OF SODIUM ACRYLATE

Photoinitiated inverse emulsion polymerization of sodium acrylate (AANa) in kerosene was carded out at room or lower temperature, using 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) as the initiator. Kinetic investigations indicated that the polymerization could be completed in about 30 min and produce polymer with high molecular weight (10^6-10^7). It was found that monomer droplets are the main sites for the polymerization (nucleation). With the increase of DMPA concentration, polymerization rate (Rp) reaches a maximum value while molecular weight of the produced polymer has an adverse result, but the dependence of Rp on incident light intensity is similar. Influences of other parameters such as monomer concentration, emulsifier content and reaction temperature, etc. were also studied. At lower pH values of water phase, Rp depends strongly on the pH due to the electrostatic interaction between the ionized radicals and the monomer. At higher pH, Rp shows a slight dependence on pH.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERS BEARINGAZOBENZENE AND CARBAZOLE GROUPS VIA POST-AZO-COUPLING REACTION

A series of polymers bearing azobenzene and carbazole groups for photorefractive purpose were prepared viapost-azo-coupling reaction.The successful reaction was identified by spectroscopic analysis and gel permeationchromatography.This approach is more facile compared with the direct polymerization of corresponding functionalmonomer.The polymers prepared have weight average molecular weight of higher than 1.5×10~4 and are easily soluble incommon organic solvents like chloroform and tetrahydrofuran,polymer films with high optical quality could be easilyfabricated through solution casting.Glass transition temperature (T_(?)) of the polymers ranges from 60℃to 182℃,dependingon the alkylene spacer length between the functional side group and the polymer backbone,and the polymers are relativelystable under 300℃.     

RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION OF 1,4-DIOXAN-2-ONE INITIATED BY LANTHANUM TRIS（ 2,6-DI-TERT-BUTYL-4-METHYLPHENOLATE）

The ring-opening polymerization of 1,4-dioxan-2-one （PDO） was carried out by lanthanum tris（2,6-di-tert-butyl-4- methylphenolate） （La（OAr）3） as novel single component initiaLor. The influences of polymerization reaction temperature and the molar ratio of monomer to initiator on the monomer conversion and molecular weight of poly（1,4-dioxan-2-one） （PPDO） were explored. PPDO with high viscosity average molecular weight of 1.95×10^5 can be prepared at 40℃ when [PDO]/ [La（OAr）3] molar ratio was 800. Mechanism investigation shows that the polymerization proceeds through a ＂coordination- insertion＂ mechanism with selective rupture of acyl-oxygen be,nd of PDO.     

RANDOM COPOLYMER OF PROPYLENE OXIDE AND ETHYLENE OXIDE PREPARED BY DOUBLE METAL CYANIDE COMPLEX CATALYST

Copolymerization of propylene oxide (PO) and ethylene oxide (EO) using double metal cyanide (DMC) complexas the catalyst was carried out. The structure of random copolymers was confirmed by ~(13)C-NMR and IR spectra. ~1H-NMRanalysis shows that the EO content in the copolymer is the same as that in the initial monomer feed. Moderate molecularweight copolymers with various EO content were obtained and their values of molecular weigh distribution (MWD) fell inthe range of 1.21-1.55. It was found that the molecular weight of copolymers is controlled by the mass ratio of EO + PO toinitiator moles used. The reaction rate as well as polymer yield decrease with increasing EO content in the feed composition.     

A metal-free coordination–insertion ring-opening polymerization of tetrahydrofuran by the central metalloid bis(pentafluorophenyl)(phenoxy)borane

A new strategy for the metal-free coordination–insertion ring-opening polymerization of tetrahydrofuran by the central metalloid Boron has been first identified. Bis(pentafluorophenyl)(phenoxy)borane was used as a catalyst for the polymerization reaction system. And polytetrahydrofuran with high molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution could be obtained. The proposed mechanism was studied by MALDI-TOF, ESI-MS and O-18 isotope labeling analyses as a metal-free coordination insert...     

Synthesis and characterization of hyperbranched polyurethane-benzyltetrazole

A series of hyperbranched polyurethane-benzyltetrazoles（H-PBTZs） with different linkage structures were synthesized via the polycondensation of hexamethylenediisocyanate as an A₂ type monomer with（4-（1H-tetrazol-5- yl）benzyl）-diethanolamine（TBDEA） as a BB’₂ type monomer in the absence of catalyst at different temperatures.The FTIR, and ¹³C and ¹H-NMR spectroscopy were used to characterize the molecular structures of TBDEA and H-PBTZs as well as the counterpart linear polyurethane-benzyltetrazole（L-PBTZ）.The molecular composition was determined by the reaction selectivity that the isocyanate group reacted with the hydroxyl group in diethanolamine segment or the active hydrogen atom on tetrazole ring.Raising reaction temperature was propitious to the reaction of isocyanate group with the active hydrogen atom on tetrazole ring.The degrees of branching（DB） for H-PBTZs obtained from the ¹H-NMR spectra increased with raising reaction temperature.The wider molecular weight distribution of 1.7-2.9 for H-PBTZs was obtained via GPC analysis.TGA results showed that H-PBTZs had high thermal stability compared with L-PBTZ.     

Resorcinarene-centered Amphiphilic Star-block Copolymers: Synthesis,Micellization and Controlled Drug Release

Eight-arm star-shaped poly（■-caprolactone）-block-poly（ethylene glycol）s（SPCL-b-PEG） have been prepared by a combination of controlled ring-opening polymerization（CROP） and coupling reaction. First, eight-arm star-shaped poly（■-caprolactone）s（SPCL） with a resorcinarene core were synthesized using octamethyl tetraundecylresorcinarene octaacetate as octa-initiator and yttrium tris（2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolate） [Y（DBMP）3] as catalyst. Then the coupling reaction was carried out between SPCLs and carboxyl-terminated methoxy poly（ethylene glycol）s（mP EG-COOH） in the presence of N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide（DCC） and 4-dimethylaminopyridine（DMAP）, resulting in eight-arm star-shaped SPCL-b-PEGs with controlled molecular weight and well-defined architecture. Furthermore, these amphiphilic eight-arm SPCL-b-PEGs could self-assemble into micelles with low critical micellar concentrations（CMC）, which was characterized by fluorescent spectroscopy. Moreover, indomethacin loaded micelles with high drug loading content and high encapsulation efficiency can be prepared, which is probably due to the highly branched architecture. The morphologies of micelles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, which exhibited diverse nanostructures as the drug loading contents varied. In vitro drug release of indomethacin from SPCL-b-PEG micelles was carried out in PBS, from which a sustained release behavior was observed. SPCL-b-PEG micelles did not show significant cytotoxicity at copolymer concentrations up to 1000 mg/L, making them very promising for drug delivery.     

骨架可水解的具核超支化聚缩醛的合成与表征

通过AB2型聚合单体4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯甲醛二甲缩醛与B2型核分子苯甲醛二甲缩醛的缩醛转移聚合反应,反应过程中不断排出低沸点的醇,合成了具核、骨架可水解的超支化聚缩醛(HBPAs).实验表明,HBPAs的分子量,多分散性和聚合度随着核比例的改变发生明显的变化.增加核比例,聚合物的分子量,多分散性和聚合度均降低.HBPAs在弱酸性条件下,骨架发生水解,生成4-(2-羟基乙氧基)-苯甲醛.研究发现,核比例对于聚合物降解速率有明显的影响,增加核比例,聚合物的降解速率加快.这表明,通过加入核分子,可以在一定程度上调控超支化聚缩醛的结构与性能.     

Chain-growth polymerization of azide–alkyne difunctional monomer: Synthesis of star polymer with linear polytriazole arms from a core

This article reports a chain-growth coupling polymerization of AB difunctional monomer via copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction for synthesis of star polymers. Unlike our previously reported CuAAC polymerization of AB _n (n ≥ 2) monomers that spontaneously demonstrated a chain-growth mechanism in synthesis of hyperbranched polymer, the homopolymerization of AB monomer showed a common but less desired step-growth mechanism as the triazole groups aligned in a linear chain could not effectively confine the Cu catalyst in the polymer species. In contrast, the use of polytriazole-based core molecules that contained multiple azido groups successfully switched the polymerization of AB monomers into chain-growth mechanism and produced 3-arm star polymers and multi-arm hyperstar polymers with linear increase of polymer molecular weight with conversion and narrow molecular weight distribution, for example, M_w/M_n ~ 1.05. When acid-degradable hyperbranched polymeric core was used, the obtained hyperstar polymers could be easily degraded under acidic environment, producing linear degraded arms with defined polydispersity. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 58, 84–90     

Synthesis of hyperbranched poly(ether nitrile)s by one‐step polycondensation of an AB2 monomer

Hyperbranched poly(ether nitrile)s were prepared from a novel AB₂ type monomer, 2‐chloro‐4‐(3,5‐dihydroxyphenoxy)benzonitrile, via nucleophilic aromatic substitution. Soluble and low‐viscous hyperbranched polymers with molecular weights upto 233,600 (M_w) were isolated. According to the ¹H NMR and GPC data, the unique polymerization behavior was observed, which implies that the weight average molecular weight increased after the number average molecular weight reached plateau region. Model compounds were prepared to characterize the branching structure. Spectroscopic measurements of the model compounds and the resulting polymers, such as ¹H, DEPT ¹³C NMR, and MS, strongly suggest that the ether exchange reaction and cyclization are involved in the propagation reaction. The side reactions would affect the unique polymerization behavior. The resulting polymers showed a good solubility in organic solvents similar to other hyperbranched aromatic polymers. The hydroxy‐terminated polymer was even soluble in basic water. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 5835–5844, 2009     

稀土催化制备窄分子量分布高顺式聚异戊二烯及聚合反应动力学

由稀土羧酸钕盐(Nd)、三异丁基铝(Al)、含氯活化剂(CE)及醇(OH)组成的均相稀土羧酸盐催化体系,用于异戊二烯(Ip)定向聚合,其中含氯活化剂(CE)为氯代烃(CE1)或氯代羧酸酯(CE2).研究了CE和OH的化学结构及Al用量对Ip聚合及聚异戊二烯(PIp)微观结构、分子量及分子量分布的影响,将原位全反射傅立叶红外光谱(in situ ATR-FTIR)技术应用于研究稀土催化Ip配位聚合反应过程及聚合反应动力学,采用FTIR、GPC、NMR及DSC等测试手段表征PIp的微观结构、分子量及其分布、序列分布及热性能.实验结果表明,在稀土催化异戊二烯聚合反应中,少量的CE2和OH有助于提高催化活性、降低分子量分布和提高顺式含量.聚合速率对单体浓度呈现一级动力学关系,表观增长活化能(Ea)为69.5 kJ/mol.通过调节催化剂组分配比及聚合工艺条件,可制备出顺-1,4结构含量可达98%以上、窄分子量分布(Mw/Mn=1.6～2.4)的高顺式聚异戊二烯.     

含蒽醌结构聚芳醚砜的合成及表征

以4,4'-二氟二苯砜,4,4'-联苯二酚及1,5-二氯蒽醌为原料,采用亲核缩聚方法将具有良好热稳定性的蒽醌生色团分子以共价键方式引入到聚芳醚砜体系中,制备出了蒽醌含量分别为10%、20%及30%的热分解温度在500℃以上的新型耐高温有机高分子染料.该系列聚合物具有较高的分子量和良好的溶解性.利用红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振(1H-NMR)等表征方法确定了聚合物的结构;利用紫外-可见光谱测试(UV-Vis)初步研究了聚合物的光谱学特性;利用差示扫描量热测试(DSC)和热失重分析测试(TGA)研究了聚合物的热性能.     

丙烯腈与衣康酸在DMSO/H_2O中的聚合及聚合物性能表征

采用丙烯腈 (AN)与衣康酸 (IA)为共聚单体 ,以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂在混合介质二甲基亚砜 水(DMSO H2 O)中自由基沉淀共聚合 ,合成了高分子量的聚丙烯腈 .通过正交设计方法研究了聚合反应条件 ,如反应温度、单体浓度、混合介质DMSO H2 O配比等对聚合反应的转化率的影响 ,还重点探讨了混合介质DMSO H2 O配比对转化率和粘均分子量的影响 .采用DSC ,TG ,IR等手段研究了PAN均聚物及 (PAN co IA)的结构与性能 .研究结果表明 ,增加反应温度 ,降低单体浓度 ,降低喂料AN IA配比中IA的含量 ,均有利于提高聚合反应的转化率 .AN与IA共聚反应的转化率随着反应介质中DMSO含量的增加而降低 ,同时聚合物的粘均分子量也降低 .对于喂料AN IA配比中IA含量相同的P(AN co IA)共聚物 ,高分子量P(AN co IA)共聚物比常规低分子量的放热峰起始温度低 ,放热峰宽     

α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、苧烯阳离子聚合的研究

比较了萜烯单体α 蒎烯、β 蒎烯、烯的阳离子聚合性能，还考察了这三种单体的活性聚合可能性．在Ｌｅｗｉｓ酸ＡｌＣｌ３作用下，聚合速率大小顺序为：β 蒎烯＞烯＞α 蒎烯．α 蒎烯、烯的聚合产物分子量较低；β 蒎烯的聚合产物分子量较高．ＡｌＣｌ３与ＳｂＣｌ３复合后，α 蒎烯、烯的聚合速率增加，β 蒎烯的聚合速率反而下降．α 蒎烯的聚合速率增加幅度大于烯，使得前者聚合速率高于后者．与使用ＡｌＣｌ３相比，添加ＳｂＣｌ３后产物的分子量变化是：α 蒎烯变大，烯不变，β 蒎烯则变小．添加ＳｂＣｌ３对β 蒎烯、烯的聚合物结构无影响，而α 蒎烯聚合产物的结构则发生显著变化．活性较高的β 蒎烯在适当的引发体系，如苯乙烯 ＨＣｌ加成物／ＴｉＣｌ３（ＯｉＰｒ）作用下，可以实现活性聚合．α 蒎烯、烯则由于本身单体活性太小，难以实现活性聚合．     

高分子量二氧化碳-环氧丙烷共聚物的合成条件研究

利用新型多配体负载戊二酸锌来催化二氧化碳和环氧丙烷合成高分子量聚碳酸(1,2-丙二醇).通过研究反应时间和反应压力对产率以及产物的结构和性能的影响来对反应条件进行了优化.结果表明在反应压力为5.2MPa,反应时间为40h时所得聚合物的数均分子量大于23×104,玻璃化转变温度达到38℃,拉伸强度达到31MPa.