柱状纤维上超薄液膜的线性稳定性分析

运用线性理论分析了粘性超薄液膜沿柱状纤维垂直下落的稳定性特征,研究了厚度低于100 nm的薄膜在外力驱动下的流动以及van der Waals力的影响．结果表明随着薄膜相对厚度的下降,纤维表面的曲率将使得线性扰动的发展得到抑制,而van der Waals力促进扰动的增长,这一竞争机制导致了增长率随薄膜相对厚度非单调的变化．还得到了流动的绝对和对流不稳定分区．结果表明van der Waals力扩大绝对不稳定流动区域,表面张力也会有利于绝对不稳定的发展,而外驱动力正好起到相反的作用．     

弹性介质中正交各向异性微管的屈曲分析

已有实验表明,处于细胞质中的微管可以比自由微管承受更大的压力而不发生屈曲．基于嵌入式碳纳米管屈曲的Winkler模型,利用正交各向异性情形的Winkler模型研究了细胞质中充当细胞骨架的微管的屈曲行为．计算表明,本模型可以较好地预测嵌入弹性介质中的微管较自由微管承受更大屈曲压力这一现象,而且所得到的临界屈曲压力与微管受压屈曲的实验值吻合\．同时,所得的结果也表明周围介质与微管的相互作用可以极大地提高微管抵抗屈曲的能力,该结果很好地阐释了介质与微管相互作用从而提高微管抗屈曲压力的相互作用机制\．模拟结果表明,所给出的模型可以对嵌入弹性介质中的微管的屈曲行为进行很好地模拟．     

弹塑性杆在刚性块轴向撞击下的动力屈曲

基于能量原理,对弹塑性杆在刚性块轴向撞击下的动力屈曲问题进行了讨论．用特征线法分析了刚性块轴向撞击弹塑性直杆时应力波传播的过程．考虑了弹塑性应力波传播对屈曲的影响,建立了该问题横向扰动方程．用幂级数解法,理论上给出了该问题的级数解．分析解的性质,得到了发生屈曲时的临界条件．通过理论分析和数值计算,得到了临界速度与冲击质量、临界长度及线性强化模量间的关系．     

弹性介质中受轴向冲击载荷作用的圆柱壳的屈曲临界载荷计算分析

建立并求解了弹性介质中圆柱壳的径向位移控制方程,考虑边界条件及相容条件,得到了应力波传播及反射过程中圆柱壳的动力屈曲分叉条件.通过计算得到了不同时间段屈曲临界载荷与应力波波阵面到达圆柱壳的位置、弹性介质的刚度、壳体未嵌入弹性介质部分的长度与总长之比的关系.数值计算结果表明,弹性介质中的圆柱壳发生轴对称屈曲和非轴对称屈曲趋势一致;嵌入弹性介质部分越深、弹性介质刚度越大圆柱壳越难屈曲;屈曲临界载荷随着弹性介质刚度的增大经历了增长缓慢、增长迅速以及增长较慢3个阶段;应力波反射前波阵面通过分界面后,屈曲仅发生在应力波传播区域,反射波波阵面通过分界面前,临界载荷较小时屈曲先发生在反射端部,随着轴向阶数增大,屈曲覆盖整个圆柱壳区域,反射波波阵面通过分界面后,壳体发生的屈曲始终覆盖整个圆柱壳区域.     

单个水分子与碳纳米管的离散-连续混合模型——水分子进入碳纳米管的条件及其相互作用力、速度和能量分布

研究水分子进入碳纳米管(CNT)时的物理特性.采用连续模型连同Lennard-Jones势函数,得到单壁面碳纳米管(SWCNT)与单个水分子之间的van der Waals力.水分子选择3种方位进入纳米管,其中水分子质心位于纳米管轴线上.对不同的纳米管半径和水分子进入方位,广泛地研究了相互作用力、能量和速度的分布.用分子动力学(MD)模拟得到的结果,来验证上述得到的相互作用力和能量分布.导出水分子进入纳米管时的可吸入半径,并详细地给出了有利于水分子进入纳米管半径的界限.计算单个水分子进入纳米管的速度,为不同进入方位的水分子,给出最大的入口速度和最大的管内速度.     

Brown凝并中两个不同直径纳米颗粒的碰撞系数

对Brown凝并中两个不同直径纳米颗粒的碰撞系数进行了研究,通过求解碰撞方程,获得了在van der Waals力和弹性变形力作用下,直径为100 nm至750 nm的邻苯二甲酸二辛酯纳米颗粒的碰撞系数．发现碰撞系数总体上随着颗粒直径和2个颗粒半径比的增加而减小;当颗粒直径为550 nm时,碰撞系数有一个突然的增加．最后给出了具有不同直径2个纳米颗粒碰撞系数的新表达式．     

球形纳米颗粒Brown凝并碰撞效率的新表达式

研究了邻苯二甲酸二辛酯纳米颗粒在Brown凝并过程中的碰撞效率．在考虑Stokes阻力、润滑力、van der Waals力和颗粒变形恢复力的情况下推导了一组碰撞方程,通过数值求解这组方程,得到了当颗粒半径从50 nm到500 nm变化时,颗粒碰撞效率和半径之间的关系,计算得到的结果和实验结果符合较好．计算结果表明,在颗粒半径为50 nm到500 nm的情况下,颗粒的碰撞效率随颗粒半径的增加而减小．基于计算结果,提出了颗粒碰撞效率的新表达式．     

具有限时滞van der Pol方程的周期扰动Hopf分枝

本文详细研究了具有限时滞van der Pol方程在经历 Hopf分枝时,小周期扰动对系统的影响,特别是讨论了扰动频率与Hopf分枝固有频率在共振(次调和共振,超调和共振)的情形。表明了在某些参数区域中,系统存在调和解分枝(次调和解分枝以及超调和解分枝),并且讨论了分枝解的稳定性以及时滞所起的作用。     

基于能量模型的多壁碳纳米管多边形化的致因分析

建立以横截面为研究对象的多壁碳纳米管能量模型,通过计算碳纳米管中原子之间的势能,分析影响碳纳米管多边形化的因素.本文通过分析与对比双壁和三壁碳纳米管总能量中影响因素的一系列数据,得出其横截面多边形化的影响因素有横截面的半径、管壁的个数以及范德华力等.     

梁-柱体系在椭圆型荷载作用下的精确解和动力屈曲分析

当梁-柱体系两端铰支时,在随时间周期变化的椭圆型轴向压力的作用下,给出了其动力稳定性问题的一个闭合解.采用Fourier正弦级数形式,以及解析地求解由此产生的常微分方程,求得控制方程的解.找到动力屈曲问题精确的解析解是有困难的,然而该体系的物理特性,为精确解的存在提供了充分的依据.另外,还研究了体系的频率响应特性,静力、驱动力和频率比对临界屈曲荷载的影响.     

Nonlinear vibration analysis of double-walled carbon nanotubes based on nonlocal elasticity theory

The nonlinear free vibration of double-walled carbon nanotubes based on the nonlocal elasticity theory is studied in this paper. The nonlinear equations of motion of the double-walled carbon nanotubes are derived by using Euler beam theory and Hamilton principle, with considering the von Kármán type geometric nonlinearity and the nonlinear van der Waals forces. The surrounding elastic medium is formulated as the Winkler model. The harmonic balance method and Davidon–Fletcher–Powell method are utilized for the analysis and simulation of the nonlinear vibration. The simulation results show that the nonlocal parameter, aspect ratio and surrounding elastic medium play more important roles in the nonlinear noncoaxial vibration than those in the coaxial vibration of the double-walled carbon nanotubes. The noncoaxial vibration amplitudes of only considering nonlinear van der Waals forces are larger than those of considering both geometric nonlinearity and nonlinear van der Waals forces.     

Nonlocal elasticity effect on column buckling of multiwalled carbon nanotubes under temperature field

Based on nonlocal theory of thermal elasticity mechanics, an elastic multiple column model is developed for column buckling of MWNTs with large aspect ratios under axial compression coupling with temperature change. The present model treats each of the nested tubes as an individual column interacting with adjacent nanotubes through the intertube van der Waals forces. The thermal effect is incorporated in the formulation. In particular, an explicit expression is derived for the critical axial strain of a double-walled carbon nanotube which clearly demonstrates that small scale effects contribute significantly to the thermo-mechanical behavior of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and cannot be ignored.     

Approximate solutions to the nonlinear vibrations of multiwalled carbon nanotubes using Adomian decomposition method

This paper applies the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) to the search for the approximate solutions to the problem of the nonlinear vibrations of multiwalled carbon nanotubes embedded in an elastic medium. A multiple-beam model is utilized in which the governing equations of each layer are coupled with those of its adjacent ones via the van der Waals inter layer forces. The amplitude–frequency curves for large-amplitude vibrations of single-walled, double-walled and triple-walled carbon nanotubes are obtained. The influence of changes in material constants of the surrounding elastic medium and the effect of changes in nanotube geometrical parameters on the vibration characteristics are studied by comparing the results with those from the open literature. This method needs less work in comparison with the traditional methods and decreases considerable volume of calculation, and it’s powerful mathematical tool for solving wide class of nonlinear differential equations. Special attention is given to prove the convergence of the method. Some examples are given to illustrate the determination approximate solutions of the proposed problem.     

Free vibration of embedded double-walled carbon nanotubes considering nonlinear interlayer van der Waals forces

In this article, nonlinear free vibration of embedded double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) duo to the nonlinear interlayer van der Waals (vdW) force is studied based on the nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The interlayer vdW force is modeled as a nonlinear function of inner and outer tubes deflections considering the variation of the interlayer distance along the circumference of DWCNTs. The harmonic balance method is applied to analyze the relationship between the deflection amplitudes and the frequencies of in-phase and out-of-phase free vibrations for DWCNTs. Finally, the influences of the nonlocal parameter, surrounding elastic medium, nanotube length, end condition and vibrational mode on the nonlinear free vibration properties of DWCNTs are discussed in detail.     

Free localized vibrations of a long double-walled carbon nanotube introduced into an inhomogeneous elastic medium

Based on modified Flügge equations and nonlocal elasticity theory, free axisymmetric oscillations of a long double-walled carbon nanotube embedded into an inhomogeneous elastic medium is studied. The ambient medium is simulated by the Winkler foundation. Van der Waals forces are introduced in order to take into account the interaction between the nanotube walls. Using Tovstik’s asymptotic method, eigenmodes are constructed in the form of functions that decay far from the line on the surface of the outer wall, on which the modulus of subgrade reaction has a local minimum. Eigenmodes and eigenfrequencies corresponding to the coand counterdirected wall motions are found. It has been found that introducing a nonlocality parameter into the model results in eigenmodes that are not inherent in macroscale shells. In particular, an increase in the stretching force leads first to greater localization of vibrations and increase in the amplitudes of tangential atomic oscillations and, second, to reduction in the frequencies in the case when the tube lies in a sufficiently stiff medium.     

Buckling and stability analysis of a piezoelectric viscoelastic nanobeam subjected to van der Waals forces

A study on the buckling and dynamic stability of a piezoelectric viscoelastic nanobeam subjected to van der Waals forces is performed in this research. The static and dynamic governing equations of the nanobeam are established with Galerkin method and under Euler–Bernoulli hypothesis. The buckling, post-buckling and nonlinear dynamic stability character of the nanobeam is presented. The quasi-elastic method, Leibnitz’s rule, Runge–Kutta method and the incremental harmonic balanced method are employed for obtaining the buckling voltage, post-buckling characteristics and the boundaries of the principal instability region of the dynamic system. Effects of the electrostatic load, van der Waals force, creep quantity, inner damping, geometric nonlinearity and other factors on the post-buckling and the principal region of instability are investigated.     

Axial dynamic buckling analysis of embedded single-walled carbon nanotube by complex structure-preserving method

The occurrence of the axial dynamic buckling in the carbon nanotube may cause the failure of some nano-sensors, which is difficult to be investigated by the experimental approach for the rigorous measuring accuracy requirement. Thus, a complex structure-preserving method is proposed to investigate the axial dynamic buckling properties of an embedded single-walled carbon nanotube in this paper. The nonlocal Euler–Bernoulli beam model of the embedded single-walled carbon nanotube under a concentrated excitation with a small included angle in the acting direction of the excitation against the cross-section of the carbon nanotube is presented. Introducing several intermediate variables, the multi-symplectic form of the oscillation model is obtained, which is a structure-preserving order-reduce process. To investigate the axial dynamic buckling of the carbon nanotube numerically with an acceptable step length, a complex structure-preserving method that combines the precise integration method for the grids near the acting position of the excitation and the Preissman multi-symplectic scheme for other grids is proposed. Considering two typical excitations, the oscillation of the carbon nanotube is simulated by the complex structure-preserving method and the axial dynamic buckling properties of the nanotube are investigated. From the numerical results, it can be concluded that the axial dynamic buckling phenomenon in the carbon nanotube is more likely to occur when the included angle increase or the frequency of the excitation is close to MHz with the given parameters, which gives guidance for the design of the excitation of the nano-oscillator.     

Response of multiwall carbon nanotubes to impact loading

Dynamic behaviors of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with finite length are investigated using an analytical method. Multiple elastic shells and linearized model of van der Waals forces are used for development a comprehensive continuum dynamic model of MWCNTs. By applying Laplace transform, analytical solution for thin and thick MWCNTs under dynamic loading are obtained. Dynamic responses of 3-, 9-, and 11-layer MWCNTs under external pressure shock are examined and accuracy of results are verified by comparison the results with those obtained by numerical methods. Both displacement and stress analysis are performed for layers of MWCNTs and frequencies of oscillations are obtained. Also, effects of axial wave created by external pressure shock are studied in MWCNTs with two-dimensional analyses. Dynamic responses of MWCNTs with initial axial displacement are also proposed and the propagation of the axial wave through the length of tubes is illustrated. Furthermore, wave propagation velocity is found by analysis of time history diagram.     

Rigorous van der Waals effect on vibration characteristics of multi-walled carbon nanotubes under a transverse magnetic field

An analytical method is presented to investigate rigorous van der Waals interaction effect on vibration characteristics of multi-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in matrix under a transverse magnetic field. Each of the concentric tubes of multiwall carbon nanotubes is considered as an individual elastic shell and coupled with any two walls through a rigorous van der Waals interaction being dependent on the change of interlayer spacing and the radii of tubes. Results show that the rigorous van der Waals interaction effect makes the lowest magneto-vibration frequency of multi-walled carbon nanotubes decrease and the highest magneto-vibration frequency increase. The effect of rigorous van der Waals interaction on magneto-elastic vibrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes is dependent on the transverse magnetic strength and the matrix constrained stiffness.     

Nonlinear vibrations of embedded multi-walled carbon nanotubes using a variational approach

The present work deals with the problem of the nonlinear vibrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in an elastic medium. A multiple-beam model is utilized in which the governing equations of each layer are coupled with those of its adjacent ones via the van der Waals interlayer force. The variational iteration method (VIM) is adopted to obtain the amplitude–frequency curves for large-amplitude vibrations of single-, double- and triple-walled carbon nanotubes. The influences of changes in material constants of the surrounding elastic medium and the geometric parameters on the vibration characteristics of multi-walled carbon nanotubes are investigated. The results from the VIM solution are compared and shown to be in excellent agreement with the available solutions from the open literature. The capability of the present analytical technique is clarified in terms of numerical accuracy as well as computational efficiency.