SWIP-RFP装置反场箍缩位形研究

SWIP-RFP装置是具有金属真空室的环形反场箍缩(RFP)装置.在初始气压,初始环场,可控辅助反场和等离子体自反效应的不同情况下,做了反场建立条件的实验。在有自反效应和可控辅助反场时间配合的三种运行情况下,反场箍缩放电已实现.本文给出了反场箍缩位形实验观测的结果,实验测出反场箍缩位形的等离子体电流幅值。脉冲长度与相关因素的依赖关系.实验结果表明在无功率短路情况下,等离子体存在时间τ_p≥0.3ms。     

SWIP—PFP装置反场箍缩位形研究

ＳＷＩＰ－ＲＦＰ装置是具有金属真空室的环形反场箍缩（ＲＦＰ）装置。在初始气压，初始环场，可控辅助反场和等离子体自反效应的不同情况下，做了反场建立条件的实验。在有自反效应和可控辅助反场时间配合的三种运动情况下，反场箍缩放电已实现。本文给出了反场箍缩位形实验预测的结果，实验测出反场箍缩位形的等离子体电幅值，脉冲长度与相关因素的依赖关系。实验结果表明在无功率短路情况下，等离子体存在时间τｐ≥０．３ｍｓ。     

场反向位形中等离子体的动力箍缩

本文给出了一组动力箍缩方程,它描述了场反向位形中等离子体的动力箍缩和加热。数值结果有可能为进一步开展实验提供理论依据。     

场反向等离子体环加热和转移实验

使用场反向θ箍缩所产生的等离子体环,通过线圈端部场线重连变化,使等离子体环得到轴向激波加热和压缩。等离子体环从形成区以7×10~6cm/s的速度向约束区转移。加热后的电子温度Te≤34eV,在约束区的存在时间约为150μs。     

增长反场装置位形维持时间的实验研究

在预电离、空芯变压器功率续流、真空室放电清洗、碳化和蒸钛条件下，得到反场箍缩（ＲＦＰ）和超低安全因子（ＵＬＱ）的实验结果。等离子体性质改善，等离子体电流出现平顶，其幅值增加。杂质被有效控制，等离子体温度增高。     

SWIP—RFP装置反场箍缩等离子体约束改善实验

在ＳＷＩＰ－ＲＦＰ装置上改善真空和预电离条件后，提高了等离子体温度，增加了等离子体的维持时间和反场箍缩磁场位形约束的维持时间，增长了等离子体的能量约束时间，从而表明了ＲＦＰ等离子体的能量约束和ＲＦＰ磁场位形的约束均得到了改善。     

第一届核聚变与等离子体物理理论工作学术交流会报告目录

笼一目、作者(西南物理研究所).-、1.磁约束聚变研究的一些进展李正武2.撕架模的动力理论J卜丁厚昌L 3.非理想电导管等离子体的螺旋不稳定性马腾才宫野刘之景朴 4.有限回旋半径效应对环流器气球模的影响石秉仁隋国芳 5.非圆环流器等离子体的高。气球模不稳定性李芳著石秉仁 6.小环径比锐边界等离子体的扭曲模不稳定性一顾永年 了.线圈对非圆托卡马克等离子体中的轴对称模的稳定化作用王中天 8.场反向位形的等离子体李国炳 9.环形的反场箍缩平衡和稳定张鹏10.电流非单调分布时的电阻流体不稳定性马腾才宫野11.场反向箍缩的有限电阻不稳定性…     

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针对实验室等离子体的辐射物理条件和等离子体箍缩三温的数值模型,提出一种定量计算Z箍缩等离子体辐射能谱的近似方法。在给出计算能谱结构的理论方法之后,再将这种近似计算方法编入到Kr喷气Z箍缩等离子体X射线辐射的二维三温辐射磁流体力学模型中,得出典型Kr喷气Z箍缩X射线辐射的能谱分布。对照"强光一号"加速器Kr喷气箍缩实验测量得到的辐射能谱分布,分析了理论与实测结果之间存在的偏差。     

“荧光-1”实验装置研制与调试

荧光-1是一套分时放电的大电流脉冲功率实验装置,主要用于反场构形预加热磁化等离子体靶（FRC）形成的物理过程、高温高密度磁化等离子体约束特性等研究,未来可作为磁化靶聚变研究的等离子体注入器。主要介绍该实验装置的构成及其调试实验结果,并简要描述在该装置上开展的FRC等离子体靶初步物理实验进展。调试实验结果表明,荧光-1实验装置初始磁场、磁镜、气体电离、箍缩分系统的放电电流/磁场或感应电场可分别达到110 kA/0.3 T,10 kA/1.2 T,400 kA/0.25 kV/cm,1.7 MA/3.4 T。初步物理实验获得的FRC等离子体靶参数为:靶分界面半径约4 cm、等离子体密度3.51016 cm-3、等离子体温度约200 eV、靶寿命约3 s,同时清晰地观察到了FRC靶形成物理过程。分幅相机获取图像与二维磁流体程序计算图像基本吻合,验证了该装置的物理设计思路,也展示了该装置具备的物理实验能力。     

箍缩背光照相

 利用PPG-Ⅰ脉冲功率装置（500 kV,400 kA,100 ns）驱动X箍缩负载,得到了μm量级的亚纳秒脉冲X射线辐射点源。在阴阳极轴线和回流柱上同时安装X箍缩负载,前者可作为背光照相的X射线点源;后者可作为被拍照的目标X箍缩。获得了X箍缩发展过程不同时刻的时间序列图像,在背光照相的图像中可以清晰观察到X箍缩交叉点处等离子体的外爆、箍缩以及最终的崩溃阶段。将阴阳极轴线上的X箍缩负载用Z箍缩丝阵负载代替,实现了对丝阵负载Z箍缩放电起始阶段的X射线背光照相,观察到了最初的各单丝电爆炸、等离子体膨胀及融合过程,同时观察到了双丝Z箍缩发展过程中的等离子体不稳定性。实验结果有助于深入理解Z箍缩发展的物理过程,同时可为有效的模拟建模分析提供基本的实验数据。     

Improved particle confinement in transition from multiple-helicity to quasi-single-helicity regimes of a reversed-field pinch

The quasi-single-helicity (QSH) state of a reversed-field pinch (RFP) plasma is a regime in which the RFP configuration can be sustained by a dynamo produced mainly by a single tearing mode and in which a helical structure with well-defined magnetic flux surfaces arises. In this Letter, we show that spontaneous transitions to the QSH regime enhance the particle confinement. This improvement is originated by the simultaneous and cooperative action of the increase of the magnetic island and the reduction of the magnetic stochasticity.     

Neoclassical transport in the helical reversed-field pinch

Test particle evaluation of the diffusion coefficient in a fusion plasma in the reversed-field pinch (RFP) configuration shows distinct similarities with stellarators when the plasma spontaneously evolves towards a helical shape. The almost total absence of superbanana particles at the levels of helical deformation seen in experiment (Bh/B=10%) causes transport to be proportional to collision frequency (at low collisions). This fact excludes the possibility that the minimum conceivable transport could be inversely proportional to collision frequency, which is typical of unoptimized stellarators. This result strengthens the perspectives of the helical RFP as a fusion configuration.     

Design of an Air-Core Reversed Field Pinch

The design of a small air-core reversed field pinch (RFP) is described. A numerical model was used to simulate the waveform of the plasma current and to improve the design of the air-core transformer.     

OHTE: A Helical Pinch with Pitch Reversal

The OHTE configuration is obtained by surrounding a reversed field pinch (RFP) with a stellarator-like helical winding whose pitch is chosen to enhance field line pitch reversal. The helical coil current needed to form a separatrix boundary is calculated analytically for a simple plasma model, which gives results in close agreement with a numerical two-dimensional (2-D) MHD equilibrium code. Basic properties of the field line transform, which is predominantly in the axial or toroidal direction, are investigated. The 2-D equilibrium code is used to investigate the effects of current profiles and high beta, and the OHTE is compared with the RFP. These calculations show that the helical winding can significantly enlarge the parameter space for interchangestable finite-? equilibria with pitch reversal while avoiding axial current reversal.     

Initial Measurements of Plasma Potential in the Core of the MST Reversed Field Pinch with a Heavy Ion Beam Probe

Measurement of the plasma potential in the core of MST marks both the first interior potential measurements in an RFP, as well as the first measurements by a Heavy Ion Beam Probe (HIBP) in an RFP. The HIBP has operated with (20-110) keV sodium beams in plasmas with toroidal currents of (200-480) kA over a wide range of densities and magnetic equilibrium conditions. A positive plasma potential is measured in the core, consistent with the expectation of rapid electron transport by magnetic fluctuations and the formation of an outwardly directed ambipolar radial electric field. Comparison between the radial electric field and plasma flow is underway to determine the extent to which equilibrium flow is governed by E×B. Measurements of potential and density fluctuations are also in progress.Unlike HIBP applications in tokamak plasmas, the beam trajectories in MST (RFP) are both three-dimensional and temporally dynamic with magnetic equilibrium changes associated with sawteeth. This complication offers new opportunity for magnetic measurements via the Heavy Ion Beam Probe (HIBP). The ion orbit trajectories are included in a Grad-Shafranov toroidal equilibrium reconstruction, helping to measure the internal magnetic field and current profiles. Such reconstructions are essential to identifying the beam sample volume locations, and they are vital in MST's mission to suppress MHD tearing modes using current profile control techniques. Measurement of the electric field may be accomplished by combining single point measurements from multiple discharges, or by varying the injection angle of the beam during single discharges.The application of an HIBP on MST has posed challenges resulting in additional diagnostic advances. The requirement to keep ports small to avoid introducing magnetic field perturbations has led to the design and successful implementation of cross-over sweep systems. High levels of ultraviolet radiation are driving alternative methods of sweep plate operation. While, substantial levels of plasma flux into the HIBP diagnostic chambers has led to the use of magnetic plasma suppression.     

Self-regulation of E x B flow shear via plasma turbulence

The momentum balance has been applied to the ExB flow in the edge region of a reversed field pinch (RFP) configuration. All terms, including those involving fluctuations, have been measured in stationary condition in the edge region of the Extrap-T2R RFP experiment. It is found that the component of the Reynolds stress driven by electrostatic fluctuations is the term playing the major role in driving the shear of the ExB flow to a value marginal for turbulent suppression, so that the results are in favor of a turbulence self-regulating mechanism underlying the momentum balance at the edge. Balancing the sheared flow driving and damping terms, the plasma viscosity is found anomalous and consistent with the diffusivity due to electrostatic turbulence.     

HL-1装置辐射和粒子损失功率测量

一、前言在等离子体中,由于杂质的存在,产生很强的线辐射、轫致辐射和复合辐射,电荷交换产生的中性粒子由于不受磁场约束而逃逸出等离子体。本文叙述用高增益、快响应的钽酸锂热电探测器对HL-1装置等离子体辐射和电荷交换粒子损失功率的测量。二、测量方法实验中采用了KT-3130钽酸锂(LiTaO_3)热电探测器和KTH-103前置放大器。LiTaO_3     

一种等离子体湍流实验数据分析程序的设计与应用

针对磁约束聚变等离子体边缘湍流中非线性能量传递过程的问题,开发了数据分析程序。该程序基于数字谱分析技术来求解波耦合方程,进而计算与三波相互作用相关联的线性和非线性耦合系数以及能量转移。介绍了算法设计和程序开发的主要思想,并对程序进行了仿真测试。然后应用该程序分析了反场箍缩装置实验的一次放电实验数据,观察到湍流之间的波耦合和能量级联现象,发现或证实了聚变等离子体湍流激发与增长的一种内在机制。     

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针对磁约束聚变等离子体边缘湍流中非线性能量传递过程的问题,开发了数据分析程序.该程序基于数字谱分析技术来求解波耦合方程,进而计算与三波相互作用相关联的线性和非线性耦合系数以及能量转移.介绍了算法设计和程序开发的主要思想,并对程序进行了仿真测试.然后应用该程序分析了反场箍缩装置实验的一次放电实验数据,观察到湍流之间的波耦合和能量级联现象,发现或证实了聚变等离子体湍流激发与增长的一种内在机制.