高中化学学业水平考试与课程标准的一致性探究——以吉林省高中化学学业水平考试为例

利用本土化的韦伯一致性分析模式,从知识种类、知识深度、知识广度和知识分布平衡性4个维度对高中化学学业水平考试试题与课程标准的认知性内容进行一致性分析,并结合研究结果进行归因分析和反思建议,以期对学业评价的研究提供些许参考。     

高中化学学业水平考试与课程标准的一致性分析

基于SEC一致性分析模式,对某省2010、2011、2012年的高中化学学业水平考试试题中必修部分与课程标准的一致性进行研究,得出2者之间不存在统计学意义上显著的一致性。通过柱形图,从认知水平和内容主题2个维度分析影响试题与课程标准一致性的因素。最后对一致性研究方法和分析结果进行了简单的讨论和反思。     

普通高中学业水平化学实验考试的现状、反思与建议

以江苏省普通高中学业水平化学实验考试为例,对高中化学实验考试的现状进行反思,分析实验考试在组织、设计、实施以及效度上存在的问题,对促进学生创新精神和实践能力发展的实验考试设计提出一些建议。     

核心素养框架下浙江省高中化学学业水平试题特征研究

从高中化学核心素养的5个维度出发,构建了评估化学学业水平试题特征的分析框架,对4份浙江省高中化学学业水平试题展开了研究。结果表明,浙江省高中化学学业水平试题在广度上基本涵盖了核心素养各维度的考查,在深度上对核心素养各维度的考查总体处于中游水平,“科学精神与社会责任”维度的考查所占比重过小,核心素养各维度高水平层次要求的考查所占的比重较小等。     

2014年安徽省宣城市初中毕业学业考试化学学科评价报告

2014年宣城市初中毕业化学学业考试(下称“中考”)为全省统一命题.一方面从化学试题的结构,根据韦伯一致性分析模式,从标准要求、知识广度和知识深度与《义务教育化学课程标准(2011年版)》(下称《课程标准》)的一致性进行了分析;另一方面选取典型试题,分别从化学学科素养能力、信息分析和处理能力、图像辨析和数形结合的能力等层面,分析考生答题情况.最后根据以上分析,对命题者和化学教学各提出了几点建议.     

上海市初中化学学业评价试题与课程标准一致性分析——以2004-2017年试题为例

采用SEC一致性研究模式,从内容主题和认知水平2个维度来分析2004年至2017年上海市初中化学学业评价试题与课程标准之间的一致性。结果表明,学业评价试题与课程标准一致性总体水平一般;在内容主题和认知水平维度上的一致性水平有一定差异。     

科学合理地组织化学（必修）学业水平测试复习

学业水平测试是基于国家课程标准的高中学生各学科学业目标达成的考试.学业水平测试已成为改革高考制度的重要途径,受到各方的广泛关注.科学合理地组织学业水平测试(必修)复习,就是要科学地分析考试说明和试卷结构,确定复习原则,把握复习的深广度;制定合理的复习策略,提高复习效率;组织模拟试卷的命题,贴近学业水平测试水平;创新教学方法,提高学生的学业水平等级.1科学分析考试说明和试卷结构,确定复习原则考试说明体现学业水平测试的指导思想和考查范围,是学业水平测试复习的纲领文献.分析历年学业水平测试卷,可明确试卷结构、试题难度、命题特点、能力考查的水平和方向.     

澳大利亚新南威尔士州高中化学课程标准述评

从课程标准的框架、课程目标、课程内容、课程实施与评价等几个方面对澳大利亚新南威尔士州高中化学课程标准(2017年版)进行分析。结果表明,该州课程标准与我国高中化学课程标准在核心素养的培养、课程内容标准的表达上具有一致性,但在跨学科课程设计、学习过程性评价、课程标准配套资源开发等方面对优化我国化学课程标准颇具启示。     

加拿大萨斯喀彻温省化学科分科考试评介

介绍了加拿大萨斯喀彻温省高中化学科分科考试的考试方案、考试内容等要项,并对2010年萨省化学科分科考试标准试卷进行了试题例析,旨在为我国化学学业水平考试的发展提供一些有益启示。     

基于理科综合考试的高中化学教学的思考

2010年广东省将实行"3+文科综合/理科综合"高考新方案,基于理科综合考试的高中化学教学如何开展,这是广东省乃至全国实行理科综合考试的地方都在思考的问题。从"理科综合考试的认识与理解"、"理科综合考试的变化与影响"和"高中化学教学的思考与建议"3个方面进行了分析,对全面推进高中化学教学提出了建议。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.