6,6-二烷基富烯与有机锂的反应-双(取代环戊二烯基)钛, 锆衍生物的合成

本文研究了6,6-二烷基富烯与有机锂反应的立体效应。6,6-二甲基、甲基乙基、二乙基、甲基苯基富烯与乙基锂易发生环外双键的还原反应。6-甲基-6-正丙基、异丁基富烯同正丁基锂则发生环外双键的加成反应。6,6-多亚甲基富烯[C_5H-4=C(CH_2)_n]与有机锂的反应随n值不同而异,n=4的富烯同正丙基锂和正丁基锂进行α-攫氢和环外双键还原的竞争反应;n=5,6的富烯与乙基锂、异丙基锂和异丁基锂发生还原反应,与正丙基锂和正丁基锂则进行加成与还原的竞争反应。n=4的富烯与芳基锂发生α-攫氢反应,随n值增大则倾向于加成反应。通过上述反应所得的锂化合物合成了一系列新的仲、叔烷基和烯基取代的环戊二烯基钛、锆衍生物。应用~1H NMR证明了化合物的结构。     

6,6-二烷基富烯与有机锂的反应-双(取代环戊二烯基)钛, 锆衍生物的合成

本文研究了6,6-二烷基富烯与有机锂反应的立体效应。6,6二甲基、甲基乙基、二乙基、甲基苯基富烯与乙基锂易发生环外双键的还原反应。6-甲基-6-正丙基、异丁基富烯同正丁基锂则发生环外双键的加成反应。6,6-多亚甲基富烯[C5H4=C(CH2)n]与有机锂的反应随n值不同而异, n=4的富烯同正丙基锂和正丁基锂进行α-攫氢和环外双键还原的竞争反应; n=5,6 的富烯与乙基锂, 异丙基锂和异丁基锂发生还原反应, 与正丙基俚和正丁基锂则进行加成与还原的竞争反应,n=4 的富烯与芳基锂发生α-攫氢反应, 随n值增大则倾向于加成反应。通过上述反应所得的锂化合物合成了一系列新的仲、叔烷基和烯基取代的环戊二烯基钛、锆衍生物。应用^1HNMR证明了化合物的结构。     

富烯与α-萘基锂反应的研究

本文研究了6,6-二烷基富烯与α-萘基锂反应的立体结构和溶剂效应。首次发现了富烯与有机锂的还原偶联反应。在乙醚-THF中α-萘基锂与6,6-二甲基、二乙基和甲基乙基富烯发生环外双键的加成、α-氢攫取、还原和还原偶联的竞争反应。与6-甲基-6-正丙基,正丁基,异丁基富烯发生还原偶联反应.与n=4,5,6的6,6-n亚甲基富烯分别进行α-氢攫取、还原和还原偶联反应.在1:1的乙醚-石油醚中,除6,6-四亚甲基富烯发生α-氢攫取外,其他所有富烯主要进行加成反应。利用上述反应合成一些新的取代和桥联双(环戊二烯基)钛、锆衍生物。     

富烯与2-吡啶甲基理及2-喹啉甲基锂的反应含氮杂环取代二茂铁的合成

在四氢呋喃 乙醚溶剂中,6-甲基-2-吡啶甲基锂与6,6-二烷基富烯或6,6-n亚甲基富烯(n=4,5,6)均发生环外双键加成反应.在类似反应条件下,2-喹啉甲基锂与6-甲基-6-乙基富烯或6,6-五亚甲基富烯皆发生加成反应和α-攫氢的竞争反应.用上述反应产生的取代环戊二烯基锂与二氯化铁配位,合成了一系列含氮杂环取代二茂铁衍生物.其结构经~1H NMR,元素分析和MS确证.在该类化合物的质谱裂解中,发现吡啶环对铁原子存在配位作用.     

富烯与2-吡啶甲基锂及2-喹啉甲基锂的反应: 含氮杂环取代二茂 铁的合成

在四氢呋喃-乙醚溶剂中,6-甲基-2-吡啶甲基锂与6,6-二烷基富烯或6,6-n亚甲基富烯(n=4,5,6)均发生环外双键加成反应。在类似反应条件下,2-喹啉甲基锂与6-甲基-6-乙基富烯或6,6-五亚甲基富烯皆发生加成反应和α-攫氢的竞争反应。用上述反应产生的取代环戊二烯基锂与二氯化铁配位,合成了一系列含氮杂环取代二茂铁衍生物。其结构经^1HNMR,元素分析和MS确证。在该类化合物的质谱裂解中,发现吡啶环对铁原子存在配位作用。     

富烯与2-吡啶甲基锂及2-喹啉甲基锂的反应: 含氮杂环取代二茂 铁的合成

在四氢呋喃-乙醚溶剂中,6-甲基-2-吡啶甲基锂与6,6-二烷基富烯或6,6-n亚甲基富烯(n=4,5,6)均发生环外双键加成反应。在类似反应条件下,2-喹啉甲基锂与6-甲基-6-乙基富烯或6,6-五亚甲基富烯皆发生加成反应和α-攫氢的竞争反应。用上述反应产生的取代环戊二烯基锂与二氯化铁配位,合成了一系列含氮杂环取代二茂铁衍生物。其结构经^1HNMR,元素分析和MS确证。在该类化合物的质谱裂解中,发现吡啶环对铁原子存在配位作用。     

6,6-二烷基富烯同α-吡啶甲基锂和α-吡啶基锂的反应——吡啶基取代环戊二烯及其铁衍生物的合成和结构

6,6-二烷基富烯和6,6-多亚甲基富烯同α-吡啶甲基锂发生环外双键的加成反应。形成的取代环戊二烯基锂经水解或与二氯化铁反应,分别制得α-吡啶烷基环戊二烯和α-吡啶烷基二茂铁。α-吡啶基锂与6,6-四亚甲基富烯进行α-摄氢反应,与6,6-五亚甲基富烯则发生环外双键的加成反应。 测定了双(η~5-1-(α-吡啶甲基)环戊基环戊二烯基)铁的分子结构。晶胞中含有三个分子,每个分子处在各自独立的位置。根据分子中两个环戊二烯基环上取代基的相对指向,分子Ⅰ与Ⅱ可以认为具有相同的构象,而分子Ⅲ则是它们的镜像。     

取代环戊二烯的合成和^1HNMR谱

本文研究了苯基锂和对、间、邻甲苯基锂及对、邻甲氧苯基锂与6,6-二烷基富烯环外双键加成反应的立体效应。在室温下于乙醚溶剂中,6,6-二烷基富烯同上述芳基锂反应,形成取代环戊二烯基锂,经水解给出含或不含手性碳的叔烷基环戊二烯。     

锆氧杂环络合物合成方法探索

邻甲氧基苯基锂和 6,6-二甲基富烯 (或 6,6-二乙基富烯 )反应得配体锂盐 ( Cp′ Li) ,Cp′ Li直接和 Cp Zr Cl3· DME反应生成 2个新的锆络合物 Cp′ Cp Zr Cl2 。 BBr3和 Li Br分别用来使 Cp′ Cp Zr Cl2 环化 ,发现在相同条件下 BBr3比 Li Br3更有效。Cp′ Cp Zr Cl2 通过和 BBr3反应得到 2个新的锆氧杂环络合物。 4个新的锆络合物经元素分析、1 H NMR和 MS确证     

取代环戊二烯负离子的三甲基硅基化

以６,６－二烷基富烯与甲基锂、苯基锂或对甲苯基锂所犁 取代环戊二烯基锂与三甲基氯硅烷反应,合成了１１个新的三甲基硅基环戊二烯化合物,其结构经元素分析、ＩＲ和＾１ＨＮＭＲ确证。     

Concise formal total synthesis of hybocarpone and related naturally occurring naphthazarins

A concise formal total synthesis of the cytotoxic bisnaphthazarin derivative hybocarpone has been completed through the development of routes to the synthetic precursor, 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-5,7,8-trimethoxy-6-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone. The oxidation of 3-ethyl-1,2,4,5,7,8-hexamethoxy-6-methylnaphthalene under Rapoport conditions gave 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-5,7,8-trimethoxy-6-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone in modest yields after basic hydrolysis. In addition, treatment of 3-ethyl-1,2,4,5,7,8-hexamethoxy-6-methylnaphthalene with boron tribromide provided access to the naturally occurring naphthazarin, boryquinone. The analogous oxidative demethylation of 3,6-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,7,8-hexamethoxynaphthalene and 3-ethyl-1,2,4,5,7,8-hexamethoxynaphthalene resulted in the synthesis of 2,5,7,8-tetrahydroxy-3,6-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (aureoquinone) and 3-ethyl-2,5,7,8-tetrahydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, respectively. An alternative selective synthetic route to 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-5,7,8-trimethoxy-6-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone was also developed utilizing an intramolecular Claisen condensation of methyl 2-butyryl-3,5,6-trimethoxy-4-methylphenylacetate with concomitant in situ aerial oxidation.     

Synthesis of trialkyl derivatives of pyrrole and pyrrolidine

Summary 1-Furyl-3-methylaminoalkanes when hydrogenated in the vapor phase on Pt-asbestos, as a result of hydrogenolysis of the furan ring, are converted to 1-methyl homologs of pyrrole and pyrrolidine. At 220° we obtained the 1,5-dimethyl-, 1-methyl-5-ethyl-,1,4-dimethyl-, and 1-methyl-4-ethyl-2-n-propylpyrrolidines in 70% yield, while at 300° we obtained the 1,5-dimethyl-, 1-methyl-5-ethyl-, and 1-methyl-4-ethyl-2-n-propylpyrroles in 73–75% yield.     

Kondesationen mit hydrazin-N,N′-dicarbonsäurediamidin,XXIII [1] fluorierte β-diketone als reaktionspartner

Application of a 30% aqueous potassium carbonate solution for the condensation of 1,2-hydrazinedicaboxamidine with 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione leads to the formation of 4,4′-dimethyl-6,6′-bis(trifluoromethyl)-2,2′-hydrazopyrimidine, with 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-hexanedione to 4,4′-diethyl-6,6′-bis-(trifluoromethyl)-2,2′-hydrazopyrimidine. 2-Guanidinoamino-4-methyl-6-trifluoromethylpyridine formed as an intermediate in this reacton may be isolated, while 4-ethyl-2-guanidinoamino-6-trifluoromethylpyrimidine undergoes cyclization to yield 2-amino-5-ethyl-7-trifluoromethyl-s-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine.     

4(3H)-Quinazolinones containing heterocyclic group in position 3

The corresponding 2,3-substituted 4(3H)-quinazolinones were obtained in the reactions of 2-methyl- and 2-phenyl-4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazines with 1-amino-1,2,4-triazole, 4-amino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone, 2-amino-5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 3-amino-6,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazole, 1-amino-3-cyano-4,6-dimethyl-2-pyridone, and 1-amino-3-cyano-6-phenyl-4-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridone. The formation of N-benzolyanthranilamides in the reactions of 2-phenyl-4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazine with 2-amino-5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole and 1-amino-3-cyano-6-phenyl-4-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridones was exceptional. The structures of two of the products have been confirmed by X-ray crystallography.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 936–943, July, 2000.     

镉的高灵敏显色体系研究及表面活性剂作用机理

本文以2-氯-4-硝基苯重氮氨基偶氮苯(CNDAA)为显色剂, 研究了镉的高灵敏显色体系及表面活性剂的作用机理。研究结果表明: 对于Cd(II)-CNDAA配合物, 非离子型、阴离子型及阴-非混合型表面活性剂对此有显著的增溶增敏作用, 并以Cd(II)-CNDAA-SF显色体系建立了光度法测定微量镉的高灵敏新方法, 并对几种测定方法进行了比较, 筛选出显色条件宽容、选择性好的体系。该体系用于铝合金样品中镉的测定, 结果满意。另外, 还提出了Cd(II)-CNDAA配合物的结构, 对表面活生剂对体系的作用作了描述, 并阐明了试剂的酸性离解常数(pK~a)与显色酸度以及方法的选择性三者之间的关系。     

Pyrimidine derivatives XII. A convenient preparation of 6-formylpyrimidinedione and 2- and 3-formylpyridine derivatives from corresponding nitrooxymethyl derivatives

The convenient preparation of 6-fomylpyrimidinedione derivatives and 2- and 3-formylpyridine are described. Thus, 5-bromo-1,3-dimethyl- ( 1a ), 5-bromo-3-methyl-1-(2-nitrooxyethyl)- ( 1b ), and 5-bromo-3-methyl-1-(3-nitrooxypropyl)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidine-dione ( 1c ) were converted to the corresponding 6-formyl compounds 2a, 2b , and 2c , respectively, in excellent yields by the reaction with triethylamine and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. These 6-formylpyrimidinedione derivatives are key intermediates for the preparation of 6-carbon-carbon substituted compounds, which are expected to be potential antitumor and antiviral agents. Similarly, 2-(and 3-)formylpyridine ( 9a (and 9b )) were obtained by the reaction of 2-(and 3)nitrooxymethylpyridine ( 8a (and 8b )) with 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane.     

Tele- versus normal substitution in the reaction of 1,4-dialkyl-2,3-dinitronaphthalenes with sodium arenethiolates in dmso

1,4-Dimethyl-2,3-dinitronaphthalene (1) reacts with sodium arenethiolates in DMSO to give 2-arylthio-1, 4-dimethyl-3-nitronaphthalene (3) [normal substitution product (NSP)] and 1-arylthiomethyl-4-methyl-3-nitronaphthalene (5) [tele-substitution product (TSP)]. The percentage of TSP is found to increase with the enhancement of the reaction temperature, the presence of electron-withdrawing substituents in the arenethiolate; the increase of steric hindrance in the nucleophile, and the substitution of two Et for two Me groups in 1. A mechanism, involving a partial tautomerization of 1 into 2,3-dinitro-4-methyl-1-methylene-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (7) followed by attack of the nucleophile on this tautomeric form, is suggested to account for the formation of TSP. The analogous reactions on 1,4-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobenzene and 5,8-dimethyl- and 5,8-diethyl-6,7-dinitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene yield only NSPs. Some double bonds localization together with steric compression in the congested naphthalene derivative are suggested to play an important role in driving the reaction along the tele-substitution pathway.     

The synthesis of a pyrido[2,3-c]pyridazine: A cinnoline related to 6-fluoronalidixic acid

An analog of the pyrido[2,3-c]pyridazine ring system, 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-methyl-4-oxopyrido-[2,3-c]pyridazine-3-carboxylic acid ( 13 ), related to both Cinoxacin ( 1 ) and nalidixic acid ( 2 ), has been synthesized. The reductive ring closure of 2-chloro-α-diazo-6-methyl-5-nitro-β-oxo-3-pyridinepropanoic acid, ethyl ester ( 7 ), proved to be the key reaction providing entry into the ring system.     

7,8-二氢-6,6-二甲基-7,8-环氧-6氢-吡喃[2,3-f]苯并-2,1,3-恶二唑的合成

本文给出了一条较好的制备7,8-二氢-6,6-二甲基-7,8-环氧-6氢-吡喃[2,3-f]苯并-2,1,3-恶二唑的合成路线，即由对乙酰氨基苯酚经酯化、Fries重排、环合、还原、脱水、硝化、脱酰基、氧化、脱氧和催化环氧化等反应制得标题化合物，其结构经元素分析和光谱数据确证。