平板波导的溶胶-凝胶法制备与测试

利用溶胶-凝胶法制作了平板波导.实验中,在不同的条件下采用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃衬底上制备出TiO2平板波导,分析了影响平板波导的因素,如溶胶-凝胶溶液的浓度、pH值,滴胶速度,热处理等.并对在不同工艺条件下的波导膜特性进行了测试,分析了影响波导膜质量的各个因素.实验表明,在控制实验条件的前提下溶胶-凝胶法在制作平板波导膜的工艺上制作方法简单,容易实现.     

平板波导的溶胶-凝胶法制备与测试

利用溶胶-凝胶法制作了平板波导.实验中,在不同的条件下采用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃衬底上制备出TiO2平板波导,分析了影响平板波导的因素,如溶胶-凝胶溶液的浓度、pH值,滴胶速度,热处理等.并对在不同工艺条件下的波导膜特性进行了测试,分析了影响波导膜质量的各个因素.实验表明,在控制实验条件的前提下溶胶-凝胶法在制作平板波导膜的工艺上制作方法简单,容易实现.     

基于人工神经网络的滴膜共存冷凝传热模型的研究

为了研究影响滴膜共存冷凝传热特性的因素,如滴膜区间面积比、滴膜相对位置、表面分割方式,表面过冷度等对冷凝传热的特性共同作用,本文应用人工神经网络技术,建立表面分割数、滴膜区面积比、凝液环数、表面过冷度与强化传热比之间的综合评价预测模型。结果表明,基于Matlab语言的人工神经网络模型具有较高的预测准确率及泛化能力,能够很好的评价和预测不同条件下的冷凝传热特性。     

MIG焊接熔池表面形状与熔滴热焓量分布的数学模型

综合考虑熔滴与熔池相互作用的物理过程,建立了描述熔池表面变形的数学模型和熔滴热焓量在熔池内部的分布模型.应用数值模拟技术分析了焊接工艺参数对熔池表面形状、熔滴热焓量分布区域、焊缝成形的相互影响规律,并进行了焊接工艺试验.     

不同工艺下YAG:Ce3+荧光粉的超声共沉淀合成及表征

用共沉淀正滴及反滴工艺,以普通共沉淀及超声辅助共沉淀的方式制备了不同YAG∶Ce³⁺前驱体,并通过焙烧前驱体粉末合成了YAG∶Ce³⁺荧光粉。利用XRD、SEM、激光粒度分布仪及荧光分光光度计对所制备样品进行了表征。结果表明,所得样品均为纯相钇铝石榴石结构,反滴工艺下制得的YAG∶Ce³⁺荧光粉的发光强度高于正滴工艺下的同类样品。且相对于普通共沉淀来说,无论正滴还是反滴工艺,通过超声共沉淀方式制得的荧光粉样品均具有更均匀的晶粒粒径、更窄的粒径分布及更高的发光强度。     

全湿法制备聚合物电致发光器件

利用全溶液方法制备了聚合物电致发光器件并研究了器件的性能。器件的所有膜层,包括发光层和上电极层均采用溶液湿法获得,完全摒弃了真空蒸镀工艺。利用二次溶剂掺杂获得的PEDOT∶PSS聚合物薄膜的电导率达到608.7 S/cm。在240 nm的厚度时,聚合物电极膜层的面电阻约为68 Ω/□; 当膜层厚度为1 μm时,薄膜的面电阻可低于16 Ω/□。采用溶液滴涂方法制备的高电导PEDOT∶PSS聚合物薄膜作为上电极替代通常所用的铝电极,所制备的聚合物发光器件的开启电压约为4 V。     

水平面上蒸发滴内的流动微结构及Bénard细胞流

本文揭示了水平面上蒸发滴内的流动微结构,特别是Bénard细胞流.对滴内Bénard细胞流的触发机制进行了初步分析.文中提出新的无因次量N并解释了其物理意义,还指出Ma-N图上存在一条“中性稳定曲线”.对蒸发滴内或膜内的温度分布历程进行了分析.     

完全膜沸腾表面汽化率的测量及数值分析

通过在高温铜板表面上滴加酒精可产生稳定的完全膜沸腾现象.测量了液滴体积与完全汽化时间曲线,得出完全膜沸腾时,下表面的蒸发占体积减少的主要部分,并通过建立数学模型确定了下表面蒸汽膜处的蒸发速率.     

用偏光显微术研究聚合物分散液晶压光效应膜

制备出大液晶微滴的具有压光效应的聚合物分散液晶膜,给出样品按压前后偏光显微镜对比照片.提出压缩液晶微滴模型,采用Fortran软件模拟计算了压光效应液晶微滴双折射透光率分布,用Origin软件作图,计算结果绘图与偏光显微镜图片一致.定义按压后液晶微滴圆球变扁球的扁平度,计算按压后序参数与扁平度的关系,说明按压作用使液晶...     

异形管束降膜流动流型及波长的分布规律

采用可视化方法对水的降膜流动过程进行了实验研究,考察了两异形管(蛋形管和滴形管)管间流型及其转变、降膜波长随Re数和管型的分布规律,并与圆管进行了对比分析。实验结果表明:各管的管间流型均随Re数的增大依次呈现滴状流、滴柱状流、柱状流、柱片状流和片状流;相较于圆管,两异形管的各流型更易在较低的Re数下获得,且流型较稳定。随着Re数增加和管间距S的降低,降膜波长呈减小趋势。两异形管的降膜波长较圆管的低,且蛋形管的流型转变Re数最低。     

A new flexible and enhancing bandwidth utilization burst dropping technique for an OBS network

Optical burst switching (OBS) has been proposed as a competitive hybrid switching technology to support the next generation optical Internet. However, due to their one-way resource reservation mechanism, OBS networks experience high bursts (thus packets) loss rate. In OBS networks, the contention is resolved either by dropping one of the contending bursts or more efficiently by dropping from one of the contending bursts only the parts that overlap with the other bursts. In both situations, only one data source will suffer the data loss in favor to the other. In this paper, a new burst flexible and enhancing bandwidth utilization burst dropping technique has been proposed for contention resolution in optical burst switched networks. When contention occurs, any part of a contending burst could be dropped, instead of only the head or tail of bursts. The proposed dropping scheme makes bandwidth utilization more efficient and flexible. Simulation results show that the proposed dropping scheme performs better than existing burst dropping schemes.     

阴极射线投影管中微腔荧光屏的研制

提出法布里-波罗微腔结构的荧光屏.该微腔荧光屏由前反射镜、薄膜荧光粉层、后反射镜三部分组成.前后反射镜是由多层介质膜构成的布喇格反射镜,作为腔体的薄膜荧光粉层发出的光通过微腔效应在需要的颜色波段得到增强并且发光集中在较小的角度范围内,从而分别提高了图像色纯度和屏幕亮度.采用Matlab进行了蓝色微腔荧光屏的模拟设计,在TXX550电子束镀膜机上进行了实际制作.测试结果表明,微腔荧光屏的发射光谱的半高宽仅24 nm,比相应的薄膜荧光屏窄化了3.4倍,发光强度增加了8倍.实验与模拟设计基本吻合.     

磁性Salisbury屏的高频响应

研究了利用磁性薄膜构造Salisbury屏的可能性及其在微波频段的反射率频率特性.结果表明，利用铁磁性材料在铁磁共振频率附近磁化率具有χ″>χ′的特性，可以构造出对电磁波有良好吸收性能的磁性Salisbury屏.通过对铁磁材料高频磁谱物理机理的分析后指出，具有弛豫型共振磁谱的铁磁材料可以构造出薄膜型Salisbury屏，其厚度为微米甚至亚微米量级.反射率的频率特性与磁性材料的特征阻抗z-r有关，它取决于铁磁共振频率和静态磁化率.反射率的频率响应显示磁性薄膜Salisbury屏具有较宽的吸收带宽. 关键词： 磁性Salisbury屏 反射率 频带响应 磁性薄膜     

Burst dropping policies in optical burst switched network

Optical burst switching (OBS) has been proposed as a competitive switching technology to support the next generation optical Internet. However, due to their one-way resource reservation mechanism, OBS networks experience high bursts (thus packets) loss rate. In OBS networks, the contention is resolved either by dropping one of the contending bursts or more efficiently by dropping from one of the contending bursts only the parts that overlap with the other bursts. In both situations, only one data source will suffer the data loss in favor to the other. In this paper, a novel burst dropping policy based on even selection of burst (BDPES) has been proposed in conjunction with an appropriate mechanism to provide differentiated service in order to support the quality of service (QoS) requirements of different applications. In the proposed burst dropping policy, the dropped segments are selected evenly from both contending bursts and the truncated bursts are guaranteed to be larger than the minimum burst-length allowed by the network. Furthermore, the proposed policy is enhanced via a flow control mechanism. Simulation results show that the performance of proposed policy is better than existing burst dropping mechanisms in terms of reducing burst (packets) loss rate.     

迈克耳孙干涉仪实验中等倾干涉环的计算机模拟

根据薄膜干涉原理分析了迈克耳孙干涉仪实验中的等倾干涉现象,得到了接收屏上的光强分布与入射角的关系．采用计算机模拟的方法,用Matlab编写程序,运行后得到了迈克耳孙干涉仪等倾干涉环的图样．     

丝网印刷制备染料敏化太阳能电池

染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）是太阳能电池研究的热点领域之一,使用丝网印刷技术制备以纳米晶多孔TiO₂薄膜为光阳极的DSSC具有低成本、简单的制备工艺和高的光电转换效率（PCE）的特点,这类太阳能电池受到人们广泛关注。为了提高这类太阳能电池的光电转换效率,通过采用不同网目相同印刷胶体制备了太阳能电池的光阳极优化印刷工艺十分重要,采用不同网目的方法研究印刷工艺对太阳能电池光伏性能的影响是十分有效的。用溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO₂胶体,通过扫描电镜看出TiO₂薄膜具有多孔结构,其高比表面积有利于薄膜对染料分子的吸附,也有利于提高电池对太阳光的吸收率。经过高温烧结后丝网印刷的TiO₂薄膜展现了明显的锐钛矿结构较窄衍射峰,意味着TiO₂颗粒已经完全晶化且粒径增加。制备目数从100增到300导致网孔直径减少而薄膜变得更加致密,使得TiO₂薄膜的XRD衍射峰逐渐增强,而从300目增到400目时由于网孔过小导致TiO₂胶体通过网孔数量变小使得衍射峰强度下降。用不同网目印刷了单层TiO₂光阳极研究DSSCs光伏性能的变化情况,发现制备目数是200目和300目印刷太阳能电池的性能较好,而400网目印刷太阳能电池的性能最差,这与XRD观察的结果一致。再分别采用网目为100目、200目、300目和400目的印网将胶体印刷成了多层TiO₂薄膜,以此为基础组装DSSC。实验结果表明：通过不同组合网目的丝网印刷制备TiO₂薄膜,组装后的染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率得到了显著提升,其中以300目+200目+100目三层叠印时得到的优化光阳极的最高电池效率达到6.9%。以丝网印刷的方法制备电极不需要进行任何化学处理,在较高网目制备底层的情况下印刷的薄膜均匀牢固,且电池制备的步骤简单、重复性好,能量转换效率较高。     

PZT厚膜及高频超声换能器的研究

近年来,基于PZT厚膜的超声换能器研究受到了广泛的重视。本文综述了PZT厚膜制备技术的发展情况,简要介绍了水下声纳和医用超声领域中PZT厚膜型高频超声换能器的应用研制进展。     

Screen printing for producing ferroelectret systems with polymer-electret films and well-defined cavities

We report a process for preparing polymer ferroelectrets by means of screen printing—a technology that is widely used for the two-dimensional patterning of printed layers. In order to produce polymer-film systems with cavities that are suitable for bipolar electric charging, a screen-printing paste is deposited through a screen with a pre-designed pattern onto the surface of a polymer electret film. Another such polymer film is placed on top of the printed pattern, and well-defined cavities are formed in-between. During heating and curing, the polymer films are tightly bonded to the patterned paste layer so that a stable three-layer system is obtained. In the present work, polycarbonate (PC) films have been employed as electret layers. Screen printing, curing and charging led to PC ferroelectret systems with a piezoelectric d ₃₃ coefficient of about 28 pC/N that is stable up to 100 ^°C. Due to the rather soft patterned layer, d ₃₃ strongly decreases already for static pressures of tens of kPa. The results demonstrate the suitability of screen printing for the preparation of ferroelectret systems.     

高效透明导电膜荧光屏的研究

介绍了一种新型荧光屏结构，采用透明导电膜代替传统荧光屏中的铝膜作电极.分别测试了新型荧光屏和传统荧光屏的加电特性.实验结果表明新型荧光屏具有较高的耐压性能，对提高X射线变像管的空间分辨率有重要作用，而且能延长变像管的寿命.采用透明导电膜制作荧光屏还具有工艺简单，成本低和成品率高的优点.     

Spectral scattering properties of a nanohole in a noble-metal film in the evanescent waves area

The effect of enhanced optical transmission through subwavelength holes and their arrays is used for multiple practical applications especially in optical antennas and local biosensors design. This effect is usually considered under excitation of plane wave propagating at the normal direction to the screen surface. In this work the effect of extreme transmission through the hole in the evanescent wave's area is in focus. The discrete sources method has been applied to analyse the spectral characteristics of light scattered by a cylindrical nanohole in a noble-metal film on a prism surface. The influence of the wavelength, incident angle, film materials and hole's filling on the scattering characteristics has been investigated. A close correlation between the effect of extreme transmission and the surface plasmon resonances has been detected.