用稳定变分方法计算锂原子电多极极化率和两体色散系数北大核心CSCD

以最弱受约束电子模型理论(WBEPM)所得到的锂原子基态波函数为基础,利用Gao和Starace提出的稳定变分方法,计算了锂原子的电多极极化率和锂-锂体系的两体色散系数,计算结果与已有文献吻合,但计算方法更为简化且便于推广到其他碱金属原子.     

利用WBEPM模型和稳定变分法计算氦原子的极化率和色散系数

以最弱受约束电子势模型(WBEPM)理论为基础,建立了计算氦原子多极动态极化率和相互作用色散系数的稳定变分方法.导出了该方法中所涉及的矩阵元和线性方程组的解析表达式.作为应用,具体计算了基态氦原子的极化率和两体色散系数,将计算结果与用其他方法所得到的结果进行了比较, 数据基本一致.     

利用WBEPM模型和稳定变分法计算氦原子的极化率和色散系数

以最弱受约束电子势模型(WBEPM)理论为基础,建立了计算氦原子多极动态极化率和相互作用色散系数的稳定变分方法 .导出了该方法中所涉及的矩阵元和线性方程组的解析表达式.作为应用,具体计算了基态氦原子的极化率和两体色散系数,将计算结果与用其他方法所得到的结果进行了比较,数据基本一致.     

用稳定变分方法计算锂原子电多极极化率和两体色散系数

以最弱受约束电子模型理论(WBEPM)所得到的锂原子基态波函数为基础, 利用Gao和Starace提出的稳定变分方法, 计算了锂原子的电多极极化率和锂-锂体系的两体色散系数, 计算结果与已有文献吻合, 但计算方法更为简化且便于推广到其他碱金属原子.     

二价硅离子高于3s3p态能级间自旋允许跃迁的理论计算

在最弱受约束电子势模型理论中，电子被分成最弱受约束电子和非最弱受约束电子，而假定最弱受约束电子在核和非最弱受约束电子形成的势场中运动，这样许多多电子体系的问题可以简化成最弱受约束电子的单电子问题来解决．最弱受约束电子势模型理论已经被成功地应用于跃迁几率，振子强度和原子能级的计算．应用一组方程计算了Si III的离子自旋允许跃迁的跃迁几率，计算结果与标准值比较是相当令人满意的，误差均在15%以下．而且表明最弱受约束电子势模型理论可以非常简便并准确地应用于计算高激发态间的跃迁几率．     

最弱受约束电子势模型的径向波函数的两类递推关系

应用简单的方法———Laplace变换法来求最弱受约束电子势模型(WBEPM势)的径向Schrdinger方程.通过这种方法使得两阶微分方程变为一阶微分方程,这样可以直接运用积分得到WBEPM势束缚态能量方程和归一化的波函数,所得结果与文献一致.更重要的是用Laplace变换得到径向波函数的两类新的递推关系.这种递推关系是有效主量子数和角量子数之间关系,在计算原子和分子跃迁几率时有着广泛的应用.     

双原子分子激发态势能的自旋相关局域Hartree-Fock密度泛函理论方法

基于自旋相关局域Hartree-Fock (SLHF)势函数，本文提出了一种计算双原子分子激发态势能的密度泛函理论(DFT)方法，并将该方法应用于和的激发态势能曲线的计算。在只考虑交换能的情况下，本文的DFT计算结果与文献中精确方法和Hartree-Fock (HF)方法的结果符合的非常好，说明采用SLHF势函数作为交换势的DFT方法是一个很好的计算激发态势能的方法。本文还计算和探讨了电子的关联势函数和关联能，发现传统的近似方法在较大核间距的情况下大大低估了电子的关联能.     

N维最弱受约束电子势模型的精确解

精确地求解了N维最弱受约束电子势模型束缚态的Schrodinger方程,得到了其能级和相对应的归一化径向波函数.在此基础上,运用广义拉盖尔多项式的级数展开得到了N维最弱受约束电子势模型径向矩阵元的通项表达式.     

最弱受约束电子势模型下PbⅡ离子Rydberg态能级研究

在最弱受约束电子势模型理论框架下,通过对最弱受约束电子的识别,将Martin关于单价原子量子亏损的公式推广到了多价原子(离子)系统.本文依此计算了PbⅡ离子的几个Rydberg系列能级,结果与实验值符合较好.     

硼原子高Rydberg态能级研究

利用最弱受约束电子势模型理论,通过对最弱受约束电子的识别,将Martin公式推广到了多电子原子系统.依此研究了B原子的2s2np(n≥30)系列Rydberg能级,理论计算值与实验值吻合较好,二者的相对误差小于6.59×10-5,达到了很高的精度.     

Temperature Effects of Parabolic Linear Bound Potential and Coulomb Bound Potential Quantum Dot Qubit

On the condition of electric-LO phonon strong coupling in a parabolic quantum dot, we obtain the eigenenergy and the eigenfunctions of the ground state and the first-excited state using the variational method of Pekar type. This system in a quantum dot may be employed as a two-level quantum system-qubit. When the electron is in the superposition state of the ground state and the first-excited state, we obtain the time evolution of the electron density. The relations of the probability density of electron on the temperature and the electron-LO-phonon coupling constant and the relations of the period of oscillation on the temperature, the electron-LO-phonon coupling constant, the Coulomb binding parameter and the confinement length are derived. The results show that the probability density of electron oscillates with a period when the electron is in the superposition state of the ground and the first-excited state, and show that there are different laws that the probability density of electron and the period of oscillation change with the temperature and the electron-LO-phonon coupling constant when the temperature is lower or higher. And it is obtained that the period of oscillation decreases with increasing the Coulomb bound potential and increases with increasing the confinement length not only at lower temperatures but also at higher temperatures.     

Temperature Effects of Parabolic Linear Bound Potential and Coulomb Bound Potential Quantum Dot Qubit

On the condition of electric-LO phonon strong coupling in a parabolic quantum dot, we obtain the eigenenergy and the eigenfunctions of the ground state and the first-excited state using the variational method of Pekar type. This system in a quantum dot may be employed as a two-level quantum system-qubit. When the electron is in the superposition state of the ground state and the first-excited state, we obtain the time evolution of the electron density. The relations of the probability density of electron on the temperature and the electron-LO-phonon coupling constant and the relations of the period of oscillation on the temperature, the electron-LO-phonon coupling constant, the Coulomb binding parameter and the confinement length are derived. The results show that the probability density of electron oscillates with a period when the electron is in the superposition state of the ground and thefirst-excited state, and show that there are different laws that theprobability density of electron and the period of oscillation change with the temperature and the electron-LO-phonon coupling constant when the temperature is lower or higher. And it is obtained that the period of oscillation decreases with increasing the Coulomb bound potential and increases with increasing the confinement length not only at lower temperatures but also at higher temperatures.     

格点核子-核子势在核物质中的相对论效应(英文)

利用最新的格点核子-核子势研究了核物质中的相对论效应。通过此格点核子-核子势场,首先我们构建一个包括π介子,σ介子以及ω介子的单玻色子交换势。势场中的介子-核子耦合常数以及截断动量通过拟合格点核力得到的核子-核子散射相移确定。随后采用非常成功的第一性原理多体计算方法Brueckner-Hartree-Fock模型,计算了核物质的基本性质。发现对称核物质的状态方程以及饱和性质在非相对论框架和相对论框架中有很明显的区别。在格点核力中,该相对论效应对核物质的结合能提供吸引的贡献。这与采用传统的核力计算得到的结果是相反的。The relativistic effect in nuclear matter is investigated with the latest lattice nucleon-nucleon (NN) potential. A one-boson-exchange potential (OBEP) including three mesons, pion, σ meson and ω meson was constructed based on the lattice NN potential. The meson-nucleon coupling constants and cutoff momentums are determined by fitting the phase shifts of NN scattering from lattice NN potential. The properties of nuclear matter with this OBEP from lattice potential are calculated by one very successful ab initio many-body method, Brueckner-Hartree-Fock model. The equations of state and saturation properties of symmetric nuclear matter present very obvious different behaviors in non-relativistic and relativistic frameworks. The relativistic effect plays attractive contributions with the components of S and D waves in lattice NN potential, which is opposite comparing to the relativistic effect from the conventional NN potential.     

Quantum States of a Trapped Dirac Particle in a Pseudoscalar Potential

We obtain the quantum states of a trapped Dirac particle in the presence of a pseudoscalar potential. A change in the geometrical boundary condition can cause an effective electromagnetic field which can act on the trapped object. The nonrelativistic limit is discussed.     

Is the Static Magnetic Vector Potential Screened by a Thick Superconducting Shield

In 1986 Tonomura and his co-workers reported the results of a test for the existence of the magnetic Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect using permalloy toroids with a superconducting niobium coating. Classical Maxwell theory suggests that the group may have been able to observe the AB effect only because their superconducting shield was quite thin (2.5 penetration depths), and that, had a very thick shield been used, no AB effect would have been observable. However, orthodox quantum mechanics predicts that a static vector potential penetrates a superconducting shield of any thickness in cases where the magnetic flux inside the sample is an odd integer times h/2e. Regardless of which view is correct, it is argued in this paper that a superconductor only screens leakage or fringing field to the extent that it screens vector potential, so that there are doubts that the experiment answered the critics of earlier experiments, as was claimed.     

亲和力对熔合反应位垒的影响

熔合反应的宏观形变位能由推广的液滴模型来确定,它包括体积能、表面能、库容能、亲和力效应、质量的不对称性和精确的核半径.在过去裂变研究中,人们假定表面能和库仑能控制着位垒的高度和宽度.表面能也只考虑表面张量力效应,并不包括颈部或刚形成的碎片的表面之间吸引核力的贡献.在推广的液滴模型中,亲和力考虑了这些附加的表面效应.在两个核的接触点,亲和能达到最大值,它的两边逐渐减少直到零.亲和能减少位垒的高度并移动位垒峰的位置,它对应于吸引的亲和力和排斥的库仑力之间平衡的两个分开碎片的位置.研究表明:对于超重核熔合过程,亲和能使得宏观形变位能有一个宽的坑(pocket),它对应于核的大形变.对于轻的核–核系统,这种现象不出现.     

动力论方法计算包含化学势的硬热圈自能

介绍了经典非Abel等离子体满足的动力论方程及求解的方法.同时考虑夸克与反夸克贡献得到解析的有效质量(同时包含温度和化学势)的表达式,进而推出包含化学势的硬热圈自能,和场论所得结果完全一致.     

正弦平方势与带电粒子的准沟道辐射

在经典力学框架内,描述了带电粒子自发辐射的频谱分布与辐射频率;利用正弦平方势讨论了带电粒子准沟道辐射,指出了准沟道辐射与系统的旋转周期解相联系;分析了系统的相平面特征和准沟道粒子进入混沌的可能途径. In the general case the spectral distribution and the radiation frequency are derived for the spontaneous radiation of charged particles. The quasichanneling radiation is described by using a sine square potential, and point out that the quasichanneling radiation is related directly to the rotation periodic solution; The properties of the phase plane and the possible model approaching to chaos for the system is analyzed.     

Solution of Wheeler-De Witt Equation, Potential Well and Tunnel Effect

This paper uses the relation of the cosmic scale factor and scalar field to solve Wheeler-De Witt equation, gives the tunnel effect of the cosmic scale factor a and quantum potential well of scalar field, and makes it fit with the physics of cosmic quantum birth. By solving Wheeler-De Witt equation we achieve a general probability distribution of the cosmic birth, and give the analysis of cosmic quantum birth.