EXAFS研究合成甲醇催化剂Cu／ZnO／MxOy

有关CO。＋H。合成甲醇催化剂的研究已有许多报道［‘－’j，但目前对活性中心及反应机理的认识仍不～致，其中对活性中心的看法归纳起来有3种：（1）Cll为活性中心“‘；（2）Cll”为活性中心［’j；（3）Cll－CtJ”为活性中心［‘1．研究发现，第三组分（如AI刀。）的加入可防止Cu粒子的烧结［’］，使Cu产生无序及缺陷结构，有利于CO。的吸附、活化［‘j及起到高分散Cu／Zno的稳定剂的作用［’j．由于三组分催化剂结构的多相性和准非晶态性，通常的XRD方法难以明确了解其结构，而EXAFS方法对研究局部有序结构特别有效．本文以Z…     

新拆分试剂R(-)四氢噻唑-2-硫酮-4-羧酸对R,S-α-苯乙胺拆分的研究

Ｒ（－）四氢噻唑－２－硫酮－４－羧酸［简称Ｒ（－）ＴＴＣＡ］可作为检查尿样中ＣＳ２含量的标准试剂，我们对其结构［１］及性质进行了研究，发现它有很好的手性识别功能，可作为新的拆分试剂对Ｒ，Ｓ－α－苯乙胺进行拆分．光学活性的α－苯乙胺已被广泛地用来代替光...     

表面活性剂与聚丙烯酰胺在油水界面的流变性

界面流变学是研究界面膜在外力作用下流动与形变的科学，界面粘度是油水界面膜的一种重要性质，它的大小与成股分子排列的紧密程度、成膜分子相互作用力的大小和是否有结构形成有关［‘1，人们早就对表面流变性质进行了相当系统而深入的研究［’41，但是有关油水界面流变性质的     

含联苯结构聚醚醚酮酮共聚物和共混物的制备及性能研究

聚醚醚酮（PEEK）是八十年代初投入市场的全芳香结构热塑性耐高温特种工程塑料，它的7’。一143“C，Tm一334C“‘，最大结晶度为48％，典型制品结晶度为20％～30％［”．PEEK可用通常的设备成型，其制件、纤维、涂料及复合材料在电子电器、机械设备、交通运输、宇航、原子能工程、军事等领域有广泛的用途［’j．聚醚醚酮酮（PEEKK）是继PEEK之后，由德国Hoechst公司开发出来的又一种全芳香结构热塑性耐高温特种工程塑料［‘j．为了研究该类聚合物的结构和性能的关系，我们在实验室中合成了PEEKK和含联苯结构聚醚醚酮酮（PE－＊…     

真空沉积TCNQ薄膜的手性分形结构

分形是非线性科学中的一个重要分支,自１９７３年Ｍａｎｄｅｌｂｒｏｔ提出分形这一概念以来［１］,关于分形的实验和理论研究日益受到人们的重视［２,３］．自发现７,７,８,８ 四氰基对苯醌二甲烷（ＴＣＮＱ）与某些电子给体的复合物薄膜具有独特的电学特性［４,５］,至今人们对ＴＣＮＱ类薄膜器件进行了广泛的研究［６ -１０］．Ｇａｏ等［１１,１２］ 最早报导了真空离子团束 (ＩＣＢ)沉积的Ｃ６０ ＴＣＮＱ复合薄膜有独特的“海马”分形结构．由于ＩＣＢ沉积技术中的粒子有一定的荷电几率,而外加电场又会影响薄膜生长初期的分…     

反相胶束对辣根过氧化物酶催化反应的影响

胶束体系是酶学研究比较理想的体系,因为它所具有的诸如热力学稳定、光学透明及能增溶亲水分子、亲油分子或两性分子等性质,使许多酶在胶束体系中的反应速率远远高于在水相中,即人们发现的所谓“超活性”［‘j．辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）是一种比较稳定的酶,且价廉易得,具备一般过氧化物酶的典型反应．在研究中人们发现,HRP在反相胶束体系中同样具有“超活性”,由于HRP能够催化大量底物进行反应,因此“超活性”对HRP的催化反应具有重要意义．已有研究者［’、’j对CTAB反相胶束体系中HRP的性质进行了探讨,但反相胶束对HRP的…     

O3势能面和振动激发态的理论研究

由于O3在大气化学中的重要作用，近年来针对它的实验和理论研究皆较活跃．尽管对O3的高振动激发态已进行过广泛的研究［“］，得到过多种由实验光谱定出的势能面［‘，’］或由从头算得到的势能函数【‘］，但由于近年来又增加了一些新的高精度的振转光谱实验数据k，’」，而以     

氯苯甲酸在水-DMF混合溶剂中的电离热力学

结构上彼此相关的取代苯甲酸在非水溶剂中电离热力学性质研究一直受到广泛的重视［‘一句，但是这类酸在水一DMF混合溶剂中的电离热力学性质的研究少见报导．DMF（N，N一二甲基甲酸胺）由于其独特性质，在许多化学、化工领域中已得到广泛的应用．本文对苯甲酸和。、。一、p氯苯甲酸在水一DMF混合溶剂中的电离热力学性质进行研究，以此深入地了解溶剂和取代基对弱酸电离的影响．1实验1．11热仪器用LKB－2277BioActivityMonitor问的流动混合测量系统部分，测量精度为0．2％（300Pw量程）1．2试剂苯甲酸为分析纯试剂，含量＞99．5％质…     

基体辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱法测定钙调素的分子量

近几年来，由于各种“软”电离技术的发展和应用「‘，’‘，为利用质谱分析生物大分子提供了一条十分有效的途径［‘j，其中基体辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱法（MALDI－TOF－MS）是最有前途的技术之一D‘．钙调素（CaM）是动植物中普遍存在的多功能的胞内钙受体蛋白，参与调控许多生理反应［”．最近几年也在细胞外区域发现了钙调素及其功能［”．钙调素分子量的准确、快速测定是钙调素性质、结构和功能研究的首要问题．目前CaM分子量的测定大多采用SDS－PAGE、凝胶过滤和沉淀平衡等方法，例如对牛脑CaM分子量的SDS－PAGE测…     

高磺化度聚苯胺体系中的分形结构研究

通过透射电镜的观察研究发现磺化聚苯胺的胶体聚集体和胶粒内部结构都具有分形体的特征 ,从而将分形的概念及其数学模型引入共轭导电聚合物体系之中 .磺化聚苯胺胶体的聚集体为很不均匀的分支状开放结构 ,其形成过程可用扩散控制集团聚集模型 (DLCA)进行模拟 ,计算机模拟生成的图形及其分形维数都与实验观测结果相当吻合 .胶粒由于是在分散介质所形成的平均化场中生成 ,屏蔽效应减弱 ,是比由它组成的聚集体要致密的球形结构 ,该结构的生成可用随机雨点模型模拟且结果相近 .     

Eu(DBM)3纳米微晶的低频喇曼光谱

The fractal property and low frequency Raman scattering of Eu(DBM)3 nanosized microcrystals were investigated. The influence of the fractal structure of Eu(DBM)3 non-crystalline solids on low frequency scattering was studied. It was found that vibrational excitations on the fractal are localized and can be described in terms of fractions. It was shown that reduced Raman scattering intensity is of a power law dependence of the vibrational frequencies for all samples. The fractal and spectral dimension were also determined, we found that our experimental value was in fair agreement with the theoretical one.     

Intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Spectroscopic and theoretical studies of vibrational transitions in dibenzoylmethane enol

The vibrational structure of the title compound (DBM) was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy in liquid solutions, by FTIR linear dichroism (LD) measurements, and by Raman spectroscopy. The results were supported by the application of theoretical model calculations and analyzed with particular attention to the possible origin of the broad, very strong, and irregularly shaped absorbance band observed in the 1700–1400 cm⁻¹ region. The orientation factors derived from the observed LD data indicate that rotational dynamics of the phenyl groups do not contribute significantly to the broadening of the band. The position of the two sharp Evans transmission windows near 1580 and 1500 cm⁻¹ is unaffected by deuteration of the reactive protons in DBM. The transmissions coincide with prominent peaks in the Raman spectrum and can be assigned to combinations of phenylic modes (9a, 18a) with low IR intensity, but large Raman scattering activity.     

稀土配合物的发光特性及其能量传递研究

利用激光诱导荧光技术研究了稀土铕等金属配合物的发光特性及其能量传递动力学过程．得到了这些稀土配合物中中心离子Eu（3 ）的激发光谱，配体的三线态发时光谱和单线态发射光谱；在实验上观察到由于中心离子Eu（3 ）的5D2←7F0马跃迁吸收造成的配体发射光谱中的凹陷行为     

Raman study of ACu3Fe4O12 (A = Ca,Sr, Y and Eu)

A vibrational study of ACu₃Fe₄O₁₂ (A = Ca, Sr, Y and Eu) compounds was carried out by means of micro-Raman scattering and lattice dynamics calculations. Polarized Raman scattering measurements were performed on rectangular microcrystals, with sizes close to 7 μm, and six Raman active modes were observed among the eight expected. It was then possible to assign the observed modes to the correct symmetry. Moreover, lattice dynamics calculations led to determine the main atomic displacements and a good agreement was found between experimental and theoretical wavenumbers. Furthermore, wavenumbers evolution versus A cation showed two behaviors separating the samples into two groups.     

Surface Roughness Characterization of Poly(methylmethacrylate) Films with Immobilized Eu(III) β-Diketonates by Fractal Analysis

The structural complexity of the 3-D surface of poly(methylmethacrylate) films with immobilized europium β-diketonates was studied by atomic force microscopy and fractal analysis. Fractal analysis of surface roughness revealed that the 3-D surface has fractal geometry at the nanometer scale. Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) as immobilization matrix is dense and uniform, and a tendency for formation of chain structures was observed. Fractal analysis can quantify key elements of 3-D surface roughness such as the fractal dimensions D _f determined by the morphological envelopes method of the Eu(DBM)₃ and Eu(DBM)₃ · dpp nanostructures, which are not taken into account by traditional surface statistical parameters.     

Reversible modulation in luminescence intensity of a single vesicle composed of diblock azo-copolymer and tris(dibenzoylmethanate)(phenanthroline)europium(III)

Tris(dibenzoylmethanate)(phenanthroline)europium(III)[Eu(DBM)(3)Phen]-doped amphiphilic vesicles were obtained by self-assembling of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly[6-[4-(4-methylphenyl-azo) phenoxy] hexylacrylate] (PNIPAM(83)-b-PAzoM(20)) in presence of Eu(DBM)(3)Phen in the mixed solvent of THF/H(2)O (50/50 vol.%). Their optical properties were studied by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies. The UV-vis spectrum showed that the electronic transition bands of azobenzene and Eu(DBM)(3)Phen were overlapped at about 365 nm and the main peak of fluorescence emission band appeared at 612 nm. So the vesicles showed obvious red luminescence. It was found that the fluorescence intensity of a single Eu(DBM)(3)Phen-doped vesicle could be modulated by irradiation with UV and visible light due to the reversible trans-cis-trans photoisomerization reaction of azobenzene moiety. Possible energy allocation process for this property was discussed in details.     

Eu(DBM)3超微粒子的光谱特性

The colloids of Eu(DBM)3 and ultrafine particles Eu(DBM)3 were perpared. The particle sizes determined by X-ray and by TEM measurements were in 7-30nm range. Their UV absorption and fluorescence spectra were compared with each other and with those of the solid sample. It was shown that the 5D1→7 F1,2 transition was observed in the colloids of Eu(DBM)3 at room temperature. The increase of the excited-state S1 and T1 energy, the peak positions of UV absorption shifted to shorter wavelength, the changes of the absoprtion coefficient with decreasing size were observed.     

Vibrational assignment and structure of dibenzoylmethane. A density functional theoretical study

Molecular structure and vibrational frequencies of 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione, known as dibenzoylmethane (DBM), have been investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results were compared with those of benzoylacetone (BA) and acetylacetone (AA), the parent molecule. IR and Raman spectra of DBM and its deuterated analogue were clearly assigned.The calculated hydrogen bond energy of DBM is 16.15 kcal/mol, calculated at B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory, which is 0.28 kcal/mol more than that of AA. This result is in agreement with the vibrational and NMR spectroscopy results. The molecular stability and the hydrogen bond strength were investigated by applying the Natural Bond Orbital analysis (NBO) and geometry calculations. The theoretical calculations indicate that the hydrogen bond in DBM is relatively stronger than that in BA and AA.     

Comprehensive Study of Third-Order Nonlinear Tungstates: Relationship between Structural and Vibrational Properties in Raman Shifters

Although tungstates are now well known as laser Raman shifters, their physicochemical properties (especially the vibrational ones) were not often studied. We have carried out a comprehensive and systematic study of tungstate Raman spectra, thanks to which, structural and vibrational properties could be correlated. It was shown that the Raman scattering characteristics of these compounds are directed by simple physical chemistry parameters. They change logically with easy interpolation. The optimization of the search for tungstates as new efficient Raman shifters was realized through a figure of merit: a map where the Raman frequency is described versus a normalized parameter representative of the Raman gain.     

Raman scattering studies of the Ba2MnWO6 and Sr2MnWO6 double perovskites

Polycrystalline Ba2MnWO6 (BMW) and Sr2MnWO6 (SMW) samples were studied between 80 and 1200 K by Raman scattering spectroscopy. In the case of BMW (space group Fmm), four Raman active vibrational modes, predicted by factor group analysis, were identified. Raman scattering studies with different wavelengths revealed a resonant bands between 300 and 800 cm-1. The origin of these bands was related to the Franck-Condon process. Line broadening versus temperature and phonon frequency were studied, and a qualitative explanation was proposed. SMW samples had considerably more complex Raman spectra. It was found that SMW transformed from tetragonal (room-temperature space group P42/n) to the cubic phase between 670 and 690 K; the phase transition temperature was dependent on sample preparation conditions, and it was considerably lower than in the case of large grain size powders. The role of grain size in phase transition is discussed. Mn ions were found to have a crucial role in the lattice dynamics of both materials.