立方角锥棱镜的有效反射区

定义了立方角锥棱镜的有效反射区 ,证明了立方角锥棱镜底面角部区域 (即非有效反射区 )入射光与出射光不平行 ,并且在入射光垂直棱镜底面入射情况下计算得有效反射区的面积为底面的三分之二。     

用琼斯矩阵法分析别汉棱镜像面偏振态分布

 基于反射定律的矢量式易于追迹复杂系统中光线的三维空间传播方向,计算了别汉棱镜每一面反射光线的方向,利用琼斯矢量法建立每一反射平面的琼斯矩阵以及面与面之间的传输矩阵,得到了一束线偏振平行光通过别汉棱镜后像面上的偏振状态分布,即经由2个屋脊面出射的光束是2个方位角不同的椭圆偏振光,这2个方位角的大小与入射线偏振光的振动方向有关。采用斯托克斯参量测量法,对别汉棱镜像面上偏振状态的分布进行了实验检测,得到了与理论分析一致的结果,指出别汉棱镜的偏振效应将会导致出射光束偏振状态的不均匀分布。     

小口径角锥棱镜加工工艺研究

针对星载角锥棱镜光束平行差的特殊要求,以我国皮纳卫星激光测距合作目标中使用的通光口径为10mm角锥棱镜为例,介绍一种小口径角锥棱镜加工工艺：通过传统工艺加工出尺寸适中的角锥棱镜;通过配重分离器工艺实现光束平行差的精确控制;通过“大改小”工艺加工成小口径角锥棱镜,成品率可达83%;实践证明：该工艺可以克服小口径角锥棱镜光束平行差无法精确控制的问题,适合小口径星载角锥棱镜的加工。     

折叠式角锥棱镜谐振腔的偏振特性理论与实验研究

建立了角锥棱镜的偏振模型,分析了角锥棱镜对入射线偏振光的偏振态的影响,分析表明角锥棱镜的单个入射区域存在特殊的偏振方向,该方向的线偏振光被角锥棱镜反射后仍然是线偏振光。利用角锥棱镜的该特性设计了腔内存在线偏振光振荡的角锥棱镜激光谐振腔,能够使用电光开关调Q,在振动环境中具有较好的抗失调稳定性。研制了激光器样机并进行了实验,在重复频率为10 Hz时,输出激光单脉冲能量大于300 mJ,光束质量因子β值在2左右,实验结果也表明角锥棱镜的棱和顶点并不影响输出激光的光束质量。     

直角屋脊棱镜与立方角锥棱镜的光学特性

在光学工程应用方面,常利用棱镜对光路的折转作用,完成一定的转像、检测和测量等工作。在实际应用中,考虑到棱镜加工误差对光轴产生的影响,应用动态光学理论及推导公式,分别给出直角屋脊棱镜与立方角锥棱镜的作用矩阵、特征方向和极值轴向,得出2种棱镜光轴偏差的数学模型。根据实际加工误差,进一步推导出2棱镜的理论误差,并对2棱镜的理论误差进行比较。最后得出可以用直角屋脊棱镜代替立方角锥棱镜的结论。     

角锥棱镜加工工艺研究

设计了一种适用于角锥棱镜加工的靠体,在铣磨成型、粗磨及精磨和粗抛工序中直接通过该靠体的翻转实现角锥棱镜的成盘化加工,最后以配重分离器工艺进行精抛。该工艺可实现光束平行差为1″的高精度角锥棱镜的批量生产,且使得角锥棱镜整体工艺方案加工工序减少、生产节奏快、效率高、质量可保证。     

五角棱镜光学平行差的理论分析

利用矩阵光学方法,计算得出五角棱镜两种光学平行差的解析表达式,分析五角棱镜光学平行差与工作面法向矢量夹角的矩阵关系.基于Agilent激光干涉仪角度测量系统和DHC三维转台搭建实验装置,测量了Thorlabs五角棱镜的两种光学平行差.实验和解析式计算结果偏离度不超过4%.五角棱镜滚动角、偏摆角的变化等效于五角棱镜光学平行差的变化.通过坐标系变换,五角棱镜的自身误差和系统在线测量误差可以被同时标定.该研究对五角棱镜的实际加工、测量系统标定,以及高准确度面形检测提供了参考.     

角锥棱镜的斜入射远场衍射图样

角锥棱镜是激光反射器的主要光学组件,在合作目标卫星激光测距中发挥着关键作用.精确计算角锥棱镜的远场衍射图样是估算激光测距回波能量的必要过程.本文基于角锥棱镜的反射原理,分析了不同激光入射方向对反射器有效反射面积的影响,提出了一种适用范围更广的有效反射面积计算方法,同时分析了激光入射方向对角锥棱镜光学反射率的影响.在此基础上,应用光学标量衍射理论建立了远场衍射图样算法,分别对多种激光入射方向的镀金属(银)膜和无镀膜角锥棱镜进行了远场衍射图样仿真计算,得到了两类角锥棱镜的远场衍射图样分布随入射方向变化的规律.搭建了角锥棱镜远场衍射图样测试系统,通过实测结果与仿真计算的对比分析,验证了仿真计算的准确性.     

角锥棱镜的误差引起的反射光束相位误差分析

提出一种计算角锥棱镜反射光束相位误差的方法.光束通过非理想角锥棱镜时会引入一个附加光程差,从而改变光束的相位特性和反射光束的传播方向.在小误差近似条件下,采用光线追迹法建立了一个有效的数学模型,计算角锥棱镜的二面角误差和反射面面型误差引起的传输光束的附加相位,并分析了该模型的理论误差.在二面角误差为1",反射面面形光圈数小于0.5的条件下,该模型的数值仿真结果显示角锥附加相位具有高度的中心对称性,附加相位对入射光束引入的相位平均斜率为零,这一特性与误差的种类和大小无关.角锥棱镜的附加相位模型为分析其在应用中给系统带来的误差提供了一个新的方法,有助于指导不同应用场景中所使用角锥棱镜的加工指标要求.     

微正方形角锥棱镜定向反射特性

对微正方形角锥棱镜阵列定向反射器的特性进行了理论研究和模拟。证明了其定向反射特性 ,并利用几何光学方法解决了全反射条件对入射孔径角的限制 ,以及单元有效反射面积对定向反射率的影响问题 ,同时也给出了阵列器件表面反射对定向反射率的影响。为了便于比较 ,也给出了微三角形角锥棱镜阵列定向反射器的单元反射面积。所得结果为微正方形角锥棱镜阵列定向反射器的制作提供了理论依据。     

Polarization properties of single metallic nano-spheroid using 3-D boundary element method

The polarization properties of an individual metallic nano-spheroid illuminated by the linearly polarized light are studied based on 3-D boundary element method. The scattering cross sections and the local field enhancements are investigated in detail when the incident lights are with different polarization directions and wavelengths. The numerical results show that the polarization direction of the incident light can strongly influence the scattering spectrum and the enhanced field distribution of the metallic nano-spheroid. The incident light with polarization direction parallel or perpendicular to the major axis can inspire longitudinal or transversal local surface plasmons resonance modes, respectively. The electric field enhancement and distribution around the nano-spheroid can be conveniently tuned by carefully selecting the polarization direction and wavelength of the incident light.     

长柱状气溶胶粒子的光散射特性

以中纬度卷云中常见的长柱状冰晶为例,利用长柱状粒子光散射理论,探讨了入射光为线偏振时,电矢量平行和垂直于入射面情况下,单个长柱状粒子的散射光强度分布和偏振特性随入射角、尺度参数与偏振态的转化关系:随着入射角的增大,散射强度、偏振总体趋于对称且数值振荡频率降低,散射强度总体减小,偏振的改变程度总体增大;随着尺度参数的增大,散射强度、偏振的数值振荡频率增大,散射强度数值振荡峰的幅度整体减小,电矢量平行于粒子长轴时主偏振的数量、强度和位置皆有变迁,电矢量垂直于粒子长轴时前后主偏振位置相对固定;随着偏振度的减小,散射强度、偏振趋向于一致,两者的数值改变程度减小,当偏振度减小到0时,散射强度、偏振变得完全相同。选取火山尘埃和烟灰与冰晶对比,阐述了粒子散射光的强度分布和偏振特性随折射率的变化规律:折射率虚部不改变散射强度的整体趋势,但使散射强度和偏振的振荡峰幅度增大,当其数值较大时,使得偏振的数值振荡峰覆盖范围拓宽。     

Multiple scattering of elliptically polarized light in two-dimensional medium with large inhomogeneities

For elliptically polarized light incident on a two-dimensional medium with large inhomogeneities, the Stokes parameters of scattered waves are calculated. Multiple scattering is assumed to be sharply anisotropic. The degree of polarization of scattered radiation is shown to be a nonmonotonic function of depth when the incident wave is circularly polarized or its polarization vector is not parallel to the symmetry axis of the inhomogeneities.     

Dependence of extinction cross-section on incident polarization state and particle orientation

This note reports on the effects of the polarization state of an incident quasi-monochromatic parallel beam of radiation and the orientation of a hexagonal ice particle with respect to the incident direction on the extinction process. When the incident beam is aligned with the six-fold rotational symmetry axis, the extinction is independent of the polarization state of the incident light. For other orientations, the extinction cross-section for linearly polarized light can be either larger or smaller than its counterpart for an unpolarized incident beam. Therefore, the attenuation of a quasi-monochromatic radiation beam by an ice cloud depends on the polarization state of the beam if ice crystals within the cloud are not randomly oriented. Furthermore, a case study of the extinction of light by a quartz particle is also presented to illustrate the dependence of the extinction cross-section on the polarization state of the incident light.     

基于激光偏振特性的水下声信号探测方法研究

水下航行体辐射的声波传播到水-空气分界面上时,会在水表面形成微扰,使水表面元产生微倾角.提出一种利用激光偏振特性对水下声信号进行探测的方法,不直接利用散射光强信息,而是利用激光在布儒斯特角附近入射水表面时,反射光偏振特性随入射角剧烈变化的特点对水表面微扰进行高精度探测.建立了该方法的理论模型,得到了入射波、出射波垂直分...     

纳米ZnO薄膜的反射及偏振特性研究

用电子束蒸发镀膜法制备了纳米ZnO薄膜．通过测量其X射线衍射谱,计算出纳米ZnO颗粒的平均粒径大小为30nm．实验研究了纳米ZnO薄膜的反射和偏振性质,结果表明：当振动方向平行于入射面的线偏振光（简称P光）入射纳米ZnO薄膜时,不存在严格意义上的布儒斯特角,但对于入射角却存在一个临界角β．当入射角小于β时,反射光的振动面随着入射角的增大向左旋转;当入射角大于β时,振动面转而向右旋转;当振动方向垂直于入射面的线偏振光（简称S光）入射纳米ZnO薄膜时,反射光的振动面始终向左旋转．     

Polarization direction characters of local electric field around dielectric coated gold nanowire

The local electric field components in the dielectric wall with a long gold nanowire in its core are calculated based on quasi-static theory. The calculated results show that the complete polarized incident light does not only stimulate same directional complete polarized local electric field. The same directional polarized electric field only locates close to the poles of the core wire and is parallel or perpendicular to the polarized direction of the incident radiation. On the other hand, incident light also stimulates perpendicular directional polarization, which densely locates close to the poles of the core wire in the direction with an included angle π/4 or 3π/4 makes with polarization direction of incident light. Furthermore, local electric field components in the wall also depend on the dielectric constant of dielectric wall and surrounding medium. When dielectric constant of the wall is less than that of surrounding, the areas of perpendicular directional polarized local field in the wall reduce and shift greatly. At the same time, more parallel directional polarized local field focus in the poles of the wall along the incident polarization. PACS 78.67.Bf; 73.20.Mf; 36.40.Gk; 78.66.Bz; 73.20.Mf     

Influence of incident light polarization on photonic nanojet

Dielectric microspheres can confine light in a three-dimensional (3D) region called photonic nanojet is shown when they are illuminated by different polarized beams. The influence of incident light polarization on photonic nanojet using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is demostrated. The axial field intensity profiles of photonic nanojets for both the linear and circular polarization incident beams are very similar. Azimuthal polarization incident beam induces a doughnut beam along the optical axis, while the radial polarization incident beam permits one to reach an effective volume as small as 0.7(λ/n) 3 .     

Reflection gratings as polarization converters

An experimental and theoretical modelling study of corrugated gold surfaces, where the refractive index of the upper medium is varied to change the effective wavelength of the incident radiation, is presented. For certain corrugation amplitudes we show that it is possible to convert nearly 100% of plane polarized light incident normal to the average plane of the grating surface into the orthogonal polarization. Investigations of the incident radiation's E-fields immediately above the corrugated surface show that the physical origin of this phenomenon rests with the phase retardation introduced by reflection. It is found that optimum polarization conversion occurs when the component of the optical E-field parallel to the grating wavevector is retarded by 180° with respect to the component parallel to the grooves.     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DIFFRACTIVE PROPERTIES OF WAVELENGTH-SIZED SINGLE GROOVES COATED WITH GOLD FILM

We have gained a very comprehensive set of results for infrared diffraction (10.6 μm wavelength) from fabricated single grooves of reflection with widths in the range of 5μm to 65μm. The experimental results show that the diffraction can still occur when the groove width becomes comparable to or less than the wavelength of the probing light. Variations of the diffraction intensities have a very regular sinusoidal relationship with the polarization angle of the incident light; and the diffraction intensities are the maximal when the incident light is TM polarized. However, the diffraction intensities will be a minimum when the incident light is TE polarized; and the bigger the diffraction angle, the higher the rate of change of the diffractive intensity with increasing polarization angle of the incident light.