水合希土硝酸盐与本并及单环己基－12－冠－4配合物的合成、性质及晶体结构

在乙腈介质中合成了苯并－１２－冠－４（简称Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４）和单环己基－１２－冠－４（简称Ｃｙ－１２－Ｃ－４）的六种希土配合物：ＲＥ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４（ＲＥ＝Ｐｒ，Ｇｄ，Ｙｂ，Ｌｕ），ＲＥ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｃｙ－１２－Ｃ－４（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ，Ｌｕ）．研究了它们的ＩＲ及１ＨＮＭＲ性质，并测定了四种单晶的结构．用ＩＮＤＯ法计算了Ｌｕ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４，Ｌｕ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｃｙ－１２－Ｃ－４的电子结构．结果表明．Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４与希土的配合物稳定性按Ｐｒ，Ｇｄ，Ｙｂ，Ｌｕ顺序减弱，并且Ｃｙ－１２－Ｃ－４与希土的配位能力大于Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４．发现冠醚分子通过自身不同程度的扭曲，改变冠醚环空穴的大小，实现与不同大小的希土离子的配位作用．     

整体抽油泵筒的稀土表面处理

将稀土氮碳硼共渗技术应有和于４５钢制ＣＹＢ－５７ＴＨ－７．３－１．２型整体抽油噘筒的表面处理，可使内径５７ｍｍ、长度７３００ｍｍ的整体泵筒在直线度基本不变、径向总变形量小于０．０５０ｍｍ的前提下，获得层深达０．４ｍｍ，表面最高硬度９４０～１０５０ＨＶ的稀土氮碳硼渗层，其性能指标达到或超过了美国ＡＰＩ标准。油田实验结果表明，在含砂量高、腐蚀严重的稠油井中，其泵效和使用寿命明显高于镀铬和引进美国技术的     

尿素－NaBr－KBr熔体中钴及稀土－钴的电沉积

稀土－钴合金具有许多优异性能,可用于制作磁性、磁光…等功能材料。日本学者研究了在有机电解液中电沉积Ｃｏ－Ｇｄ薄膜,未见前人研究低温熔盐体系中电沉积稀土合金的报道。尿素－（７９ｍｏｌ％）－ＮａＢｒ（１９．５ｍｏｌ％）－ＫＢｒ（１．５ｍｏｌ％）的熔点为５１℃,可在１００℃左右下作为电解介质。在尿素熔体中加入ＢａＯＡｃ,能增加Ｃｏ￣（２＋）还原为Ｃｏ的阴极极化。因此选择１００℃的尿素－ＮａＢｒ－ＫＢｒ－ＮａＯＡｃ作为本底熔体,研究Ｃｏ￣（２＋）的电还原,镧、铽、镝、铥各自与钴的电解共沉积。在所研究的熔体中,Ｃｏ￣（２＋）一步不可逆还原为Ｃｏ。测定Ｃｏ￣（２＋）＋２ｅ＝Ｃｏ反应的传递系数α为０．４５,Ｃｏ￣（２＋）在熔体中的扩散系数为２．５×１０￣（－６）ｃｍ￣２·ｓ￣（－１）。稀土离子还原为稀土金属的电位很负,以致在本底熔体分解前未出现阴极波。但在含ＣＯＣｌ＿２熔体中加入ＲＥＣ＿３（ＬａＣｌ＿３、ＴｂＣｌ＿３、ＤｙＣｌ＿３、ＴｍＣｌ＿３）,使钴的析出电位向正方移动,而且阴极电流增大,因而有可能发生ＲＥ（Ｌａ、Ｔｂ、Ｄｙ、Ｔｍ）与Ｃｏ的诱导共沉积。在尿素－ＮａＢｒ－ＫＢｒ－ＮａＯＡｃ－ＣｏＣｌ＿２－ＲＥＣｌ＿３熔体     

FERROMAGNETIC INTERACTION BETWEEN GADOLINIUM（Ⅲ） AND COPPER （Ⅱ）IONS IN N，N＇－BIS（2－AMINOPROPYL）OXAMIDO COPPER（Ⅱ） BRIDGED BINUCLEAR Gd（Ⅲ）－Cu（Ⅱ） COMPLEX

ＦＥＲＲＯＭＡＧＮＥＴＩＣＩＮＴＥＲＡＣＴＩＯＮＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＧＡＤＯＬＩＮＩＵＭ（Ⅲ）ＡＮＤＣＯＰＰＥＲ（Ⅱ）ＩＯＮＳＩＮＮ，Ｎ＇－ＢＩＳ（２－ＡＭＩＮＯＰＲＯＰＹＬ）ＯＸＡＭＩＤＯＣＯＰＰＥＲ（Ⅱ）ＢＲＩＤＧＥＤＢＩＮＵＣＬＥＡＲＧｄ（Ⅲ）－Ｃｕ...     

水合希土硝酸盐与本并及单环己基-12-冠-4配合物的合成、性质及晶体结构

在乙腈介质中合成了苯并－１２－冠－４（简称Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４）和单环己基－１２－冠－４（简称Ｃｙ－１２－Ｃ－４）的六种希土配合物：ＲＥ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４（ＲＥ＝Ｐｒ，Ｇｄ，Ｙｂ，Ｌｕ），ＲＥ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｃｙ－１２－Ｃ－４（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ，Ｌｕ）。研究了它们的ＩＲ及＾１ＨＮＭＲ性质，并测定了四种单晶的结构，用ＩＮＤＯ法计算了Ｌｕ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４，Ｌｕ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｃｙ－１２－Ｃ     

LASER-ENHANCED ELECTROCHEMICAL DOPING OF POLY (N-VINYLCARBAZOLE)

ＬＡＳＥＲ－ＥＮＨＡＮＣＥＤ　ＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬ　ＤＯＰＩＮＧ　ＯＦ　ＰＯＬＹ　（Ｎ－ＶＩＮＹＬＣＡＲＢＡＺＯＬＥ）ＬＡＳＥＲ－ＥＮＨＡＮＣＥＤＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＤＯＰＩＮＧＯＦＰＯＬＹ（Ｎ－ＶＩＮＹＬＣＡＲＢＡＺＯＬＥ）Ｙａ...     

PREPARATION， ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF TWO NEW CHARGE－TRANSFER SALTS （BEDT－TTF）＿3Cu＿2Brx AND （TTM－TTF） （Cu＿2Bry） （y～4．72）

ＰＲＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮ，　ＥＬＥＣＴＲＩＣＡＬ　ＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳ　ＡＮＤ　ＣＲＹＳＴＡＬ　ＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥ　ＯＦ　ＴＷＯ　ＮＥＷ　ＣＨＡＲＧＥ－ＴＲＡＮＳＦＥＲ　ＳＡＬＴＳ　（ＢＥＤＴ－ＴＴＦ）＿３Ｃｕ＿２Ｂｒｘ　ＡＮＤ　（ＴＴＭ－ＴＴＦ）　（...     

THE EXCITED STATES AND VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES OF Bli_2~e（e＝0，＋1，－1）CLUSTERS

ＴＨＥＥＸＣＩＴＥＤＳＴＡＴＥＳＡＮＤＶＩＢＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＦＲＥＱＵＥＮＣＩＥＳＯＦＢｌｉ：（ｅ＝０，＋１，－１）ＣＬＵＳＴＥＲＳＴＨＥＥＸＣＩＴＥＤＳＴＡＴＥＳＡＮＤＶＩＢＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＦＲＥＱＵＥＮＣＩＥＳＯＦＢｌｉ：（ｅ＝０，＋１，－１）Ｃ...     

ELECTRON－TRANSFER IN POLYNUCLEAR CYANO－BRIDGED COMPLEX OF THE TYPE［Co（Ⅲ）L_3－μ－Nc－Fe（Ⅱ）（CN）_5］~－（L＝en

ＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＮ－ＴＲＡＮＳＦＥＲＩＮＰＯＬＹＮＵＣＬＥＡＲＣＹＡＮＯ－ＢＲＩＤＧＥＤＣＯＭＰＬＥＸＯＦＴＨＥＴＹＰＥ［Ｃｏ（Ⅲ）Ｌ_３－μ－Ｎｃ－ＦｅⅡ）（ＣＮ）_５］~－（Ｌ＝ｅｎ）ＳｈｕＺｈｏｎｇＺＨＡＮ；ＸｉａｏＹｕａｎＣＨＥＮ；ＱｉｎｇＪｉｎ?..     

气体法低温稀土多元共渗的研究

从自制的多种渗剂中,筛选了含稀土的最佳渗剂,实现了气体法低温稀土、硼、碳、氮、氧多元共渗。获得了组织、性能和层深远优于其它低温化学热处理的渗层。用金相、扫描电镜、光电子能谱和正电子湮没等技术,对渗层进行了较系统的分析,对稀土的催渗等基本理论问题进行了探讨。     

Characterization and Wear Behavior of Plasma Nitrided Nickel Based Dental Alloy

In the present work, the plasma nitriding behavior of a nickel based dental alloy was investigated. Plasma nitriding experiments carried out under constant gas mixture (15% H₂?C85% N₂) for different process parameters including time (4, 6, 10, and 20 h) and temperature (400, 450, 500, and 550 °C). Depending on nitriding parameters, it was found that triple or double layers formed on the surface of the samples. Increasing of treatment time and temperature has resulted in a double layer. ??_N1 layer was in formed all nitrided samples. However, ??_N2 layer is formed only at low temperatures and in short times. Layer growth of nickel based alloys increases until a critical time or a critical temperature reached. Above these critical values, it is observed that the layer thickness decreases. It was also found that plasma nitriding not only increases the surface hardness but also improves the wear resistance of nickel based dental alloy. The maximum wear resistance was observed at 400 °C for 10 h due to the high hardness and thickness of the nitride layers.     

制备参数对β-Mo2N0.78催化剂加氢脱硫活性影响的研究

以N2与H2的混合气为反应气，和三氧化钼进行多段程序升温反应，制得一种β晶型的氮化钼。以噻吩为模型化合物的常压加氢脱硫反应表明，β-Mo2N0.78具有较强的加氢脱硫活性和强的抗硫化性能。同时考察了预还原、反应温度以及氮化末温、升温速率、反应气中N2-H2比及氮化时间等制备参数对β-Mo2N0.78加氢脱硫活性的影响。研究发现，β-Mo2N0.78的加氢脱硫活性在320 ℃～400 ℃随反应温度的升高增强，而还原预处理会降低催化剂的活性。氮化末温、氮化时间、反应气组成和升温速率等制备参数对催化剂的活性有明显的影响：随着氮化末温的升高，所制备的催化剂催化加氢脱硫活性降低；在氮化末温恒温较长时间，可以引起制备催化剂的加氢脱硫活性下降；存在最佳的反应气组成和各段升温速率。小晶粒的β-Mo2N0.78具有强的加氢脱硫活性。     

W2N／C催化剂加氢脱氮的研究

制备了加氢脱氮高活性催化剂Ｗ２Ｎ／Ｃ，探讨了氮化温度对催化剂活性的影响，考察了Ｗ２Ｎ／Ｃ催化剂上吡啶的加氢脱氮规律，提出了在该催化剂上吡啶加氢脱氮反应机理。     

The effect of molybdenum on corrosion of low-temperature nitrided stainless steels in sulphate–chloride solution

Resistance of stainless steels to pitting corrosion is strongly enhanced by nitriding at 380–450°C. In this work, anodic behaviour of steels with 0.13, 2.1, 4.5 and 6.1 wt% Mo was studied before and after nitriding at 450°C for 30 h which gave 13.0–15.8 wt% N at the surface. Electrochemical measurements were carried out in 0.1 M Na₂SO₄ + 0.4 M NaCl at pH 3.0. Nitriding of steels with lower Mo contents (0.13 and 2.1 wt% Mo) enhanced the resistance to pitting corrosion; steels with higher Mo contents retained their high resistance to pitting but underwent an activation. Nitrogen increased anodic reactivity in initial stages of polarisation, and it also increased the passivation rate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that anodic films on nitrided steels contained oxides at the outer surface and Cr–N species deeper from the surface. The enhanced resistance to pitting corrosion of low-temperature nitrided steels is explained by the increased anodic reactivity which leads to the formation of a salt-type film with Cr/Fe oxides and Cr–N species.In Honour of Professor Kurt Schwabe.     

Oxidation behavior of rare earth oxide-coated Fe20Cr and Fe20Cr5Al alloys

This article presents the influence of surface additions of nanocrystalline rare earth (RE) oxides CeO₂, La₂O₃, and CeO₂ + La₂O₃ on the isothermal oxidation behavior of Fe20Cr and Fe20Cr5Al at 1000 °C. Thermogravimetric studies revealed parabolic kinetics in all cases and the scale thickness on specimen surfaces varied with the nature of RE oxide. The oxidation resistance of specimens coated with two RE oxides was significantly higher than those coated with either one of the two oxides. The marked increase in the oxidation resistance of the alloys coated with two RE oxides is due to optimization of RE ion radius and RE oxide grain size/shape.     

微合金钢中稀土钒复合作用的研究

稀土在钒微合金钢中有一定的固溶量,并可达10^-5-10^-4(质量分数）数量级,稀土降低碳氮化钒完全溶解的温度,阻止奥氏体中钒的应变诱导析出,在铁素体区稀土促进碳氮化钒析出,并细化沉淀相,钒和稀土复合微合金化有更强的推迟形变奥氏体动态再结晶,抑制奥氏体晶粒长大和细化晶粒的作用。     

稀土—氮复合孕育剂对灰铸铁石墨组织的影响

采用主碳当量灰铸铁作为试验材料，以孕育处理的方式加入稀土和氮，研究了稀土，氮及二者复合能对石墨数量和石墨表面形貌的影响。试验结果表明，稀土和氮，特别是它们复合加入，使石墨百分含量减少；氮和氮与稀土复合孕育使灰铸铁的石墨表面变粗糙，且端部有钝化现象。     

微合金钢中稀土对沉淀相和性能的影响

在Nb(Ti,V）微合金钢中，主要沉淀相分别为Nb(C,N),(Nb,Ti)(C,N)和V（C，N）。稀土降低沉淀相完全溶解的温度，增大奥氏体中沉淀相析出的孕育期，降低析出速率，抑制奥氏体中沉淀相的析出，在铁素体相区，稀土提高沉淀相的析出速率和数量，促进沉淀相的析出，其中稀土对铌沉淀相析出的作用影响最强。锻态钢中，稀土有促进细化球化析出相的作用，随稀土含量增加，沉淀相析出数量增加，但过量稀土，促进作用又减弱，稀土在保持微合金钢强度的情况下，显著改善其冲击韧性，尤其是低温韧性，微合金钢中添加适量稀土可获得更佳的综合性能。     

稀土对铬锰氮不锈钢在稀硫酸介质中腐蚀磨损性能的影响

研究了稀土对铬锰氮不锈钢的腐蚀性能及腐蚀磨损性能的影响，稀土使各锰氮不锈钢的腐蚀电位正移、维钝电流降低、热力学稳定性提高，故其耐蚀性提高，抗磨性改善，铬锰氮不钢的最佳稀土含量为０．０２－０．０６％，为生产提供了必要的工艺参数。     

Prétraitements de nitruration compatibles avec les procédés MOCVD et PACVD: Influence sur l'adhérence de revêtements céramiques sur ACIER

The influence of nitriding pretreatments of steel substrates on the adhesion of representative ceramic coatings has been investigated. Vapor phase nitriding using the mixture NH₃/H₂/He has been applied before the growth by MOCVD of vanadium nitrides, carbonitrides and oxides. Similarly, microwave plasma nitriding using the mixture N₂/Ar was applied prior to the deposition by PACVD of silicon carbide based films. The nitriding pretreatment enhances the adhesion of plasma SiC(H) and MOCVD V(C,N) and V₂O₃ coatings but is not favorable to a better adhesion of MOCVD VN-type films. The different mechanical behaviors of these coatings are discussed in terms of compatibility between the combined processes.