一种基于AUSM分裂的真正多维HLL格式

文章给出了一种真正多维的HLL Riemann解算器.采用AUSM分裂将通量分解成为对流通量和压力通量, 其中对流通量的计算采用迎风格式, 压力通量的计算采用HLL格式, 且将HLL格式的耗散项中的密度差用压力差代替, 从而使得格式能够分辨接触间断.为了实现数值格式真正多维的特性, 分别计算了网格界面中点和角点上的数值通量, 并且采用Simpson公式加权组合中点和角点上的数值通量得到网格界面的数值通量.为了减少重构角点处状态时的模板宽度, 计算中采用基于SDWLS梯度的线性重构获得2阶空间精度, 而时间离散采用2阶保强稳Runge-Kutta方法.数值实验表明, 相比于传统的一维HLL格式, 文章的真正多维HLL格式具有能够分辨接触间断, 以及更大的时间步长等优点.与其他能够分辨接触间断的格式(例如HLLC格式)不同, 真正多维的HLL格式在计算二维问题时不会出现激波不稳定现象.      

广义特征坐标系计算膨胀波与激波优越性的数值验证

最近提出的以流体速度和声速的线性组合为速度而运动的广义特征坐标系,是-个更为-般的坐标系统,当参数取不同特殊值的时候,就可以得到其他经典的坐标系统.这种坐标系的最大特点是,它能跟随膨胀波(当然也可以跟随激波和接触间断)运动,从而在使用同-计算格式的前提下,使得膨胀波的计算精度更高.对膨胀波和激波进行数值试验,结果显示广义特征坐标系在计算膨胀波和激波时明显优于传统的坐标系.     

局部时间步长间断有限元方法求解三维欧拉方程

使用间断有限元方法求解三维流体力学方程.空间剖分采用非结构四面体网格,为了克服显格式在单元网格尺寸差别较大时计算效率低下的问题,在格式中采用局部时间步长技术(LTS),即控制方程在空间、时间上积分得到一种单步格式,既可以局部计算每个单元又避免了Runge-Kutta高精度格式处理三维问题时存储量过大的问题.为了提高流体力学方程计算精度,在计算单元边界的数值流通量时使用任意高阶精度方法(ADER).数值算例表明格式稳定有效.     

随机选取法和多波近似在一维浅水方程大时间步长格式中的应用

利用黎曼精确解和行波法相结合,在一维浅水方程中实现大时间步长(Large Time Step,LTS)格式,并采用多波近似解决稀疏波断裂的问题,采用随机选取法(Random Choice Method,RCM)解决非线性方程使用LTS格式出现的震荡问题.一系列数值试验发现,通过多波近似和随机选取法对大时间步长格式的改进,提高了计算效率,减小了震荡,取得了很好的计算效果.     

非定常欠膨胀射流的正格式数值模拟

 采用二阶正格式方法对非定常欠膨胀射流进行了数值模拟。将二维守恒方程的正格式方法推广到轴对称Euler方程组的求解,并对不同马赫数下的燃气射流进行了数值计算。计算结果表明,该方法能够较好地捕捉到包含膨胀波、入射激波、反射激波、马赫盘、射流边界以及三波点等复杂射流流场的波系结构,与实验照片反映的流动特征以及已有的数值结果相吻合。表明该方法对间断解具有较强的捕捉能力,在激波阵面上不会出现数值振荡。     

波动方程基于自然边界归化的区域分解算法

提出了无界区域波动方程的区域分解算法,基于自然边界归化,分别研究了重叠型与非重叠型区域分解算法,首先将控制方程对时间进行离散化,得到关于时间步长离散化格式,对每一时间步长给出了Dirichlet-Neumann和Schwartz交替算法,对Schwartz交替算法,给出了算法的收敛性,对圆外区域研究了压缩因子,并给出了数值例子。     

高阶间断伽辽金时域有限元方法分析三维谐振腔

从一阶麦克斯韦旋度方程出发,研究一种区域分解时域有限元目的——高阶间断伽辽金时域有限元目的.其中对时间的离散采用Crank-Nicolson差分格式,电场和磁场采用相同阶数的高阶矢量基函数展开.分析三维谐振腔问题,数值结果表明,目的 中时间步长的选取可以摆脱CFL稳定性条件的限制;此外,与基于常用Whitney矢量基函数的目的 相比,采用高阶矢量基函数可以明显地提高计算精度及计算效率.     

Lagrange方法基于保正性的时间步长

对交错网格上Lagrange预估-校正显示格式的时间步长选取提出新的方法.与经典CFL稳定性理论时间步长选取方法不同,新方法考虑了原始微分方程组的非线性效应,并基于物理量保正性给出了自适应的时间步长选取方法.数值实验验证了该方法有效.     

双曲型守恒律的一种三阶半离散中心迎风格式

对一维双曲型守恒律,给出了一种具有较小数值耗散的三阶半离散中心迎风格式.该格式以Liu和Tadmor提出的三阶无振荡重构为基础,同时考虑了波传播的单侧局部速度.时间离散用保持强稳定性的三阶Runge-Kutta方法.由于不需用Riemann解算器,避免了特征分解过程,保持了中心格式简单的优点.数值算例验证本方法可进一步减小数值耗散,提高分辨率.     

新型上风格式(AUSM+)的性能分析及其应用

研究了新型上风格式AUSM+的分辨率、效率等性能,并用它与Roe、vanLeer上风格式数值模拟了前向台阶激波反射流动,通过对激波、膨胀波、接触间断及其间相互干扰的复杂波系的模拟对比,分析探讨了AUSM+格式的低数值耗散、间断高分辨率等特性。     

An iterative method to solve a regularized model for strongly nonlinear long internal waves

We present a simple iterative scheme to solve numerically a regularized internal wave model describing the large amplitude motion of the interface between two layers of different densities. Compared with the original strongly nonlinear internal wave model of Miyata [10] and Choi and Camassa [2], the regularized model adopted here suppresses shear instability associated with a velocity jump across the interface, but the coupling between the upper and lower layers is more complicated so that an additional system of coupled linear equations must be solved at every time step after a set of nonlinear evolution equations are integrated in time. Therefore, an efficient numerical scheme is desirable. In our iterative scheme, the linear system is decoupled and simple linear operators with constant coefficients are required to be inverted. Through linear analysis, it is shown that the scheme converges fast with an optimum choice of iteration parameters. After demonstrating its effectiveness for a model problem, the iterative scheme is applied to solve the regularized internal wave model using a pseudo-spectral method for the propagation of a single internal solitary wave and the head-on collision between two solitary waves of different wave amplitudes.     

Finite volume evolution Galerkin method for hyperbolic conservation laws with spatially varying flux functions

We present a generalization of the finite volume evolution Galerkin scheme [M. Luká?ová-Medvid’ová, J. Saibertov’a, G. Warnecke, Finite volume evolution Galerkin methods for nonlinear hyperbolic systems, J. Comp. Phys. (2002) 183 533– 562; M. Luká?ová-Medvid’ová, K.W. Morton, G. Warnecke, Finite volume evolution Galerkin (FVEG) methods for hyperbolic problems, SIAM J. Sci. Comput. (2004) 26 1–30] for hyperbolic systems with spatially varying flux functions. Our goal is to develop a genuinely multi-dimensional numerical scheme for wave propagation problems in a heterogeneous media. We illustrate our methodology for acoustic waves in a heterogeneous medium but the results can be generalized to more complex systems. The finite volume evolution Galerkin (FVEG) method is a predictor–corrector method combining the finite volume corrector step with the evolutionary predictor step. In order to evolve fluxes along the cell interfaces we use multi-dimensional approximate evolution operator. The latter is constructed using the theory of bicharacteristics under the assumption of spatially dependent wave speeds. To approximate heterogeneous medium a staggered grid approach is used. Several numerical experiments for wave propagation with continuous as well as discontinuous wave speeds confirm the robustness and reliability of the new FVEG scheme.     

等离子体中Fokker-Planck方程的有限元模拟

利用有限元方法设计了一套相对简单明了的求解Fokker-Planck方程的方案.这个方案不必严格限制计算格点的步长和时间步长,就可以确保分布函数的非负性和粒子数的守恒.通过一维程序模拟,进一步证实了这个方案的可靠性.对于多维问题的分析和一维问题完全一样,所以非常容易将其推广到多维问题.     

The Riemann Problem for the one-dimensional,free-surface Shallow Water Equations with a bed step: Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations

In this paper, the solution of the Riemann Problem for the one-dimensional, free-surface Shallow Water Equations over a bed step is analyzed both from a theoretical and a numerical point of view. Particular attention has been paid to the wave that is generated at the location of the bed discontinuity. Starting from the classical Shallow Water Equations, considering the bed level as an additional variable, and adding to the system an equation imposing its time invariance, we show that this wave is a contact wave, across which one of the Riemann invariants, namely the energy, is not constant. This is due to the fact that the relevant problem is nonconservative. We demonstrate that, in this type of system, Riemann Invariants do not generally hold in contact waves. Furthermore, we show that in this case the equations that link the flow variables across the contact wave are the Generalized Rankine–Hugoniot relations and we obtain these for the specific problem. From the numerical point of view, we present an accurate and efficient solver for the step Riemann Problem to be used in a finite-volume Godunov-type framework. Through a two-step predictor–corrector procedure, the solver is able to provide solutions with any desired accuracy. The predictor step uses a well-balanced Generalized Roe solver while the corrector step solves the exact nonlinear system of equations that consitutes the problem by means of an iterative procedure that starts from the predictor solution. In order to show the effectiveness and the accuracy of the proposed approach, we consider several step Riemann Problems and compare the exact solutions with the numerical results obtained by using a standard Roe approach far from the step and the novel two-step algorithm for the fluxes over the step, achieving good results.     

Interaction of Four Rarefaction Waves in the Bi-Symmetric Class of the Two-Dimensional Euler Equations

The global existence and structures of solutions to multi-dimensional unsteady compressible Euler equations are interesting and important open problems. In this paper, we construct global classical solutions to the interaction of four orthogonal planar rarefaction waves with two axes of symmetry for the Euler equations in two space dimensions, in the case where the initial rarefaction waves are large. The bi-symmetric initial data is a basic type of four-wave two-dimensional Riemann problems. The solutions in this case are continuous, bounded and self-similar, and we characterize how large the rarefaction waves must be. We use the methods of hodograph transformation, characteristic decomposition, and phase space analysis. We resolve binary interactions of simple waves in the process.     

Calculation and visualization of Lamb wave motion

Lamb wave propagation was calculated by using hybrid boundary element method (HBEM) that is the combination of the analytical mode expansion and boundary element method. HBEM makes it possible to simulate Lamb wave propagation in large plates with shorter computational time. The numerical results, e.g. displacements and stresses, were collected at every time step for the inner grid points and visualized as mpeg movies or jpeg pictures. The generation mechanism of Lamb waves is investigated as a numerical example.     

A class of large time step Godunov schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws and applications

A large time step (LTS) Godunov scheme firstly proposed by LeVeque is further developed in the present work and applied to Euler equations. Based on the analysis of the computational performances of LeVeque’s linear approximation on wave interactions, a multi-wave approximation on rarefaction fan is proposed to avoid the occurrences of rarefaction shocks in computations. The developed LTS scheme is validated using 1-D test cases, manifesting high resolution for discontinuities and the capability of maintaining computational stability when large CFL numbers are imposed. The scheme is then extended to multidimensional problems using dimensional splitting technique; the treatment of boundary condition for this multidimensional LTS scheme is also proposed. As for demonstration problems, inviscid flows over NACA0012 airfoil and ONERA M6 wing with given swept angle are simulated using the developed LTS scheme. The numerical results reveal the high resolution nature of the scheme, where the shock can be captured within 1–2 grid points. The resolution of the scheme would improve gradually along with the increasing of CFL number under an upper bound where the solution becomes severely oscillating across the shock. Computational efficiency comparisons show that the developed scheme is capable of reducing the computational time effectively with increasing the time step (CFL number).     

Finite volume treatment of dispersion-relation-preserving and optimized prefactored compact schemes for wave propagation

In developing suitable numerical techniques for computational aero-acoustics, the dispersion-relation-preserving (DRP) scheme by Tam and co-workers and the optimized prefactored compact (OPC) scheme by Ashcroft and Zhang have shown desirable properties of reducing both dissipative and dispersive errors. These schemes, originally based on the finite difference, attempt to optimize the coefficients for better resolution of short waves with respect to the computational grid while maintaining pre-determined formal orders of accuracy. In the present study, finite volume formulations of both schemes are presented to better handle the nonlinearity and complex geometry encountered in many engineering applications. Linear and nonlinear wave equations, with and without viscous dissipation, have been adopted as the test problems. Highlighting the principal characteristics of the schemes and utilizing linear and nonlinear wave equations with different wavelengths as the test cases, the performance of these approaches is documented. For the linear wave equation, there is no major difference between the DRP and OPC schemes. For the nonlinear wave equations, the finite volume version of both DRP and OPC schemes offers substantially better solutions in regions of high gradient or discontinuity.     

影响X光热激波数值模拟结果的若干因素

 是否考虑康普顿散射光子的输运，用何种材料模型描述熔化、汽化和应变率效应，选用怎样的迎光自由面差分格式以及空间步长大小等因素，对X光热激波数值模拟结果都会产生重要的影响。依据热激波一维数值模拟结果，对上述各种因素的影响进行了定量分析。计算表明：在X光能谱比较软和辐照量较大时，物态方程、迎光自由面差分格式和空间步长大小对热激波的计算结果都会造成重要影响；在X光能增变硬时，康普顿散射的影响增大；在低压时，本构关系和屈服强度基本上控制了热激波的衰减规律。