基于LABVlEW的温差半导体特性测量装置的研制

温差半导体作为一种新型的发电和制冷材料已经为人们所熟知,现有的温差半导体实验教学只能对半导体的特性进行简单的演示,无法进行定量的分析和计算,该装置基于LABVIEW通过第三方采集卡、温度传感器、电表以及温度控制器采集温差半导体制冷与发电的数据并进行分析处理,得出温差半导体的特性曲线和参数。该测量装置操作方便,可对温差半导体特性进行定量的分析和计算,有利于实验教学的改进。     

基于LABVIEW的温差半导体特性测量装置的研制

温差半导体作为一种新型的发电和制冷材料已经为人们所熟知,现有的温差半导体实验教学只能对半导体的特性进行简单的演示,无法进行定量的分析和计算,该装置基于LABVIEW通过第三方采集卡、温度传感器、电表以及温度控制器采集温差半导体制冷与发电的数据并进行分析处理,得出温差半导体的特性曲线和参数。该测量装置操作方便,可对温差半导体特性进行定量的分析和计算,有利于实验教学的改进。     

简单晶体结构的硒化锡单晶中实现高热电性能

<正>自从发现热电直接转换中的泽贝克效应(Seebeck effect,又称温差电效应,1821年)、佩尔捷效应(Peltier effect,1833年)和汤姆孙效应(Thomson effect,1855年),人们逐渐意识到了热电转换技术在量热、发电和制冷等方面的应用。近几十年来,随着全球能源短缺与环境恶化问题日益突出,可再生能源的利用受到广泛关注。具有小尺寸、高可靠性、无传动部件、无噪音、无污染等优点的热电转换技术成为材料科学研究热点之一。     

半导体热电效应演示实验优化

对半导体热电效应演示实验装置进行优化改进,使用大屏数字温度计显示Peltier效应的温度变化,通过声、光、电多种形式展示Seebeck效应的温差发电效果,优化后热电效应演示实验装置实验演示效果显著增强。     

热电材料研究中的基础物理问题

热电转换技术主要包括利用半导体材料的泽贝克（Seebeck）效应将热能直接转化成电能和利用佩尔捷（Peltier）效应直接将电能转化成热能.文章简单回顾了热电转换材料中的物理效应及相关研究进展,重点介绍了常规热电材料（即窄带半导体）中的一些基本物理问题,其中包括一个好的热电材料应该具有的特性,以及提高半导体材料的电导率和泽贝克系数,降低热导率的物理机制和方法.文章还介绍了近年来电子晶体-声子玻璃类材料以及低维热电材料等热点问题的研究进展.最后还简单讨论了非常规热电材料的研究现状与趋势.     

珀尔帖效应与塞贝克效应综合演示仪

设计制作了珀尔帖效应与塞贝克效应综合演示仪。采用DS18B20温度传感器和WH7016M温度控制器控制制冷温度,利用LabVIEW软件在电脑上显示制冷温度变化曲线。通过电压表电流表显示温差半导体制冷和发电时的电压电流。该演示仪既克服了以往此类演示仪不能定量演示且只能演示一种效应的缺点,又实现了温度变化用计算机图形演示的功能。该仪器操作简单、性能稳定、效果明显,在课堂演示中取得了良好的效果。     

聚光光伏与温差联合发电装置的研究

针对太阳能量利用率较低的现状,设计了基于砷化镓多结太阳能电池、半导体温差发电片的聚光光伏与温差联合发电装置.通过测量得出单独聚光光伏发电模块在几何聚光比为75时光电转换效率最大,达31.87%;而在加了半导体温差发电模块之后在几何聚光比为112时系统光电转换效率达32.81%,提高了整体光能量转化电能效率.     

温差电现象物理教学演示仪

利用半导体制冷片既可由温差产生电能输出又可由输入的电能制冷的原理,研制了可用于物理教学演示的温差电现象演示仪。     

热力学理论演示装置的设计

本文设计了一种以半导体热电隅为主要元件的装置,用此装置即可演示验证热机理论,也可演示验证热泵理论。     

自旋卡诺电子学研究进展

近年来,随着自旋电子学的迅猛发展,人们发现电子自旋流与热流之间存在相互作用,从而产生了一门新兴的领域——自旋卡诺电子学(spin caloritronics)。该学科旨在通过增加电子自旋这一新的自由度来提高热效应的品质因数。文章介绍了自旋卡诺电子学的研究进展,包括自旋相关泽贝克效应、自旋泽贝克效应、磁性隧道结的热电效应以及热自旋转矩;值得关注的是,自旋泽贝克效应给出了一种非常优化的构型来验证自旋热电效应。     

自旋Seebeck效应简介

自旋电子学作为一个新兴的学科,是未来电子学发展的重要方向之一.而近年来发现的自旋泽贝克（Seebeck）效应则为自旋电子学的研究提供了不少新现象.文章通过对自旋Seebeck效应的一些科研进展的介绍,较详尽地阐明了自旋Seebeck效应的定义和常用的利用逆自旋霍尔（Hall）效应来进行观测的机制与方法,并对不同种类材料中的自旋Seebeck效应及其可能的成因进行了分析介绍.     

Thermospin phenomena in a quantum dot attached to ferromagnetic leads: Role of asymmetry and alignment

We study the thermospin effects in a system consisting of a quantum dot coupled to ferromagnetic leads. It is shown that sign reversal and oscillation of spin Seebeck coefficient are indicated as a function of device parameters. When the magnetizations of the leads are formed in parallel alignment, the spin Seebeck coefficient and the spin-FOM have their maximum values for the symmetric dot-lead coupling case. However, in the antiparallel case, the optimal device parameters depend mainly on the strength of the magnetic field.     

Spin-dependent Seebeck effect in Aharonov–Bohm rings with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin–orbit interactions

We theoretically investigate the spin-dependent Seebeck effect in an Aharonov–Bohm mesoscopic ring in the presence of both Rashba and Dresselhaus spin–orbit interactions under magnetic flux perpendicular to the ring. We apply the Green's function method to calculate the spin Seebeck coefficient employing the tight-binding Hamiltonian. It is found that the spin Seebeck coefficient is proportional to the slope of the energy-dependent transmission coefficients. We study the strong dependence of spin Seebeck coefficient on the Fermi energy, magnetic flux, strength of spin–orbit coupling, and temperature. Maximum spin Seebeck coefficients can be obtained when the strengths of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin–orbit couplings are slightly different. The spin Seebeck coefficient can be reduced by increasing temperature and disorder.     

Laser short-pulse heating of metallic surface: Consideration of Seebeck effect

In the present study, laser short-pulse heating is formulated using an electron kinetic theory approach. Temperature predictions are compared with that obtained from two-equation model. Seebeck effect is considered during the heating process. The predicted Seebeck coefficients are compared with the results based on the early formulation. Electron excess energy loss due to Seebeck effect is compared with electron mean energy. It is found that Seebeck coefficient decays sharply in the surface region due to sharp decay of electron temperature in this region. Seebeck coefficient obtained from the present study is in agreement with the predictions based on the early formulation, provided electron temperature is used in the previous formulation. However, Seebeck coefficient differs significantly once the lattice site temperature is used in the previous formulation. Electron excess energy loss due to Seebeck effect is considerably less than electron mean energy, i.e. the ratio is in the order of 10⁻⁵.     

A novel time-integral type laser energy meter based on anisotropic Seebeck effect

We have posed the design of a time-integral type laser energy meter based on anisotropic Seebeck effect for the first time. Anisotropic Seebeck effect is responsible for the laser-induced thermoelectric voltage effect in high temperature superconductor (HTSC) cuprates and colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) manganites thin films grown on tilted single crystal substrates. In this study, for an example, an epitaxial La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃ thin film prepared on a tilted LaAlO₃ substrate by standard pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) method is tested with a 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and its 2nd (532 nm), 3rd (355 nm), and 4th (266 nm) harmonics from room temperature to 16 K. The integral of the voltage signal with time shows a good linear relation with the laser energy per pulse in the measured wavelength and temperature range, which confirms the theoretical analysis given in this letter and can be used to design a time-integral type laser energy meter. The sensitivity increases as the film thickness increases or as the thermal diffusion constant decreases, which makes the time-integral type laser energy meter low cost as compared with the peak-voltage type. It operates with fast (nanosecond range) and broad-spectrum (from infrared to ultraviolet) response in wide temperature range (from room temperature to 10s K), and can be useful replacements for pyroelectric power/energy meters.     

Enhanced Seebeck effect in graphene devices by strain and doping engineering

In this work, we investigate the possibility of enhancing the thermoelectric power (Seebeck coefficient) in graphene devices by strain and doping engineering. While a local strain can result in the misalignment of Dirac cones of different graphene sections in the k-space, doping engineering leads to their displacement in energy. By combining these two effects, we demonstrate that a conduction gap as large as a few hundred meV can be achieved and hence the enhanced Seebeck coefficient can reach a value higher than 1.4 mV/K in graphene doped heterojunctions with a locally strained area. Such hetero-channels appear to be very promising for enlarging the applications of graphene devices as in strain and thermal sensors.     

Transverse laser induced thermoelectric voltage effect in tilted La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 thin films

The transverse laser induced thermoelectric voltage effect has been investigated in tilted La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO₃ thin films grown on vicinal cut LaAlO₃ (1 0 0) substrates when films are irradiated by pulse laser at room temperature. The detected voltage signals are demonstrated to originate from the transverse Seebeck effect as the linear dependence of voltage on tilted angle in the range of small tilted angle. The Seebeck coefficient anisotropy ΔS of 0.03 μV/K at room temperature is calculated and its distorted cubic structure is thought to be responsible for this. Films grown on a series of substrates with different tilted angles show the optimum angle of 19.8° for the maximum voltage. Film thickness dependence of voltage has also been studied.     

Anomalous magnetothermal effect in the spin- Heisenberg XXZ chain

The low-temperature thermomagnetic power of the spin- Heisenberg XXZ chain is exactly calculated by the Bethe ansatz. For finite magnetic fields, the magnetothermal effects arise due to the breakdown of the spin-reversal symmetry. For finite interaction strengths, we find the thermomagnetic coefficient (magnetic Seebeck coefficient) changes sign at certain temperature and magnetic field. This peculiar feature is interpreted as an effect of the competition between the interaction strength and the external magnetic field.