非参数方法下条件矩限制回归模型的广义矩估计

本文讨论条件矩限制回归模型的参数估计.使用非参数估计方法给出条件密度和条件均值的估计,在此基础上给出参数的广义矩估计.进一步讨论了估计的渐近正态性.     

带有异方差的部分线性回归模型的B样条估计

考虑一带有异方差的固定设计部分线性回归模型yij=x'ijβ+g(tij)+εij,i=1,2,…,k,j=1,2,…,ni,和∑ni=n,其中yij为响应变量,β=(β1,…,βp)'是未知的参数向量,g(.)是未知的函数,xij=(xij1,…,xijp)'和tij∈[0,1]为已知的非随机设计点,εij为均值0,方差是σ2i的随机误差,其中σ2i可能不同.通过B样条级数近似非参数分量,构造了参数分量β的一个半参数广义最小二乘估计.在一些矩条件下,导出了此半参数广义最小二乘估计的渐近分布,大多数在实际中遇到的误差分布都满足这些矩条件.另外,也构造了半参数广义最小二乘估计的渐近协方差矩阵的一个相合估计,还讨论了非参数分量的B样条估计.所有这些大样本性质都是在k趋于无穷大,n.有限时导出的.这些结果能被用来做渐近有效的统计推导.     

带有异方差的部分线性回归模型的B样条估计

考虑一带有异方差的固定设计部分线性回归模型yij=X'ijβ+g(tij)+εij,i=1,2…,k:j=1,2,…,ni,和sum from i=1 to kni=n,其中yij为响应变量,β=(β1,…,βp)’是未知的参数向量,g(·)是未知的函数,Xij=(Xij1,…,Xijp)’和tij∈[0,1]为已知的非随机设计点,εij为均值0,方差是σi2的随机误差,其中σi2可能不同.通过B样条级数近似非参数分量,构造了参数分量β的一个半参数广义最小二乘估计.在一些矩条件下,导出了此半参数广义最小二乘估计的渐近分布,大多数在实际中遇到的误差分布都满足这些矩条件.另外,也构造了半参数广义最小二乘估计的渐近协方差矩阵的一个相合估计,还讨论了非参数分量的B样条估计.所有这些大样本性质都是在k趋于无穷大,ni有限时导出的.这些结果能被用来做渐近有效的统计推导.     

半参数广义线性混合效应模型的估计及其渐近性质

半参数广义线性混合效应模型在心理学、生物育种、医学等领域有广泛的应用. Zhang(1998)用最大惩罚似然函数的方法(MPLE)对模型的参数和非参数部分进行了估计, 而Zhang (1998) MPLE方法只适用于正态数据模型. 对于泊松等常用的模型, 常的方法是将随机效应看作缺失数据, 再引入EM算法. 本文基于McCulloch 1997)提出的MCNR算法, 此算法推广到半参数广义线性混合效应模型中并得到相应的估计算法. 于非参数部分, 本文采用P样条拟合并利用GCV方法选取光滑参数, 时证明了所得估计的相合性和渐近正态性. 最后, 过模拟和实例与其它算法作比较验证本文估计方法的有效性.     

对部分线性模型用惩罚最小二乘估计时最优光滑化的注记

部分线性模型也就是响应变量关于一个或者多个协变量是线性的, 但对于其他的协变量是非线性的关系\bd 对于部分线性模型中的参数和非参数部分的估计方法, 惩罚最小二乘估计是重要的估计方法之一\bd 对于这种估计方法, 广义交叉验证法提供了一种确定光滑参数的方法\bd 但是, 在部分线性模型中, 用广义交叉验证法确定光滑参数的最优性还没有被证明\bd 本文证明了利用惩罚最小二乘估计对于部分线性模型估计时, 用广义交叉验证法选择光滑参数的最优性\bd 通过模拟验证了本文中所提出的用广义交叉验证法选择光滑参数具有很好的效果, 同时, 本文在模拟部分比较了广义交叉验证和最小二乘交叉验证的优劣.     

三参数Ⅰ型广义Logistic分布参数的一类改进估计

广义Logistic分布族在生物、医学、金融管理,以及气象、水文、地质等领域有重要的应用。迄今为止,对此分布族的研究已取得了一系列重要成果;令人遗憾的是,关于三参数I型广义Logistic分布的研究还很不深入。本文利用矩法首先讨论三参数I型广义Logistic分布形状参数的估计,然后利用线性回归分析方法讨论分布的位置参数和刻度参数的估计,改进矩估计。本文所给出的分布参数的估计方法简单、有效;证明了在一定的条件下,本文给出的估计量存在、唯一,且模拟显示:估计量在中小样本情形下,一致优于分布参数的矩估计和L矩估计;特别是在样本容量n介于20和30之间时,估计量有更小的估计偏差和方差。估计方法简单、实用且有效。     

半参数广义线性混合效应模型的影响分析

本文把随机效应当作是缺失数据并利用P-样条拟合非参数部分,从而得到了半参数广义线性混合效应模型(GPLMM)的MCNR估计算法;同时利用Q-函数,我们得到了模型的参数部分的广义Cook距离以及非参数部分的广义DFIT,此外,本文还研究了四种不同扰动情形的PLMM的局部影响分析,得到了相应的影响矩阵,最后,我们通过—个实际例子验证了所提出的诊断统计量的有效性。     

纵向数据广义部分线性模型的二次推断推断函数估计（英文）

针对纵向数据广义部分线性模型,通常的做法是用样条或核方法逼近非参部分,之后利用广义估计方程方法(GEE)估计参数部分.本文使用B样条逼近非参函数,并基于二次推断函数的方法对参数和非参数进行估计,并给出了估计量的大样本性质.模拟表明本文的方法改进了GEE的效率.     

带有污染协变量和辅助生存信息的Cox模型的改进估计方法研究

在流行病学、生物医学和临床试验等领域的研究中, Cox模型是最受欢迎的半参数回归模型之一.在建模过程中,观测到的协变量通常是被污染的,污染因子可测,但是污染函数未知,直接使用被污染的协变量进行参数估计,可能会造成错误的统计推断.研究者往往发现疾病治疗的最佳时刻点,如果忽略这些辅助生存信息,可能导致估计效率的降低.本文研究带有污染协变量和辅助生存信息的Cox模型的一种改进估计,通过核平滑方法校准受污染的协变量,并通过分组提取辅助生存信息用于参数估计,然后使用广义矩估计方法解决超维方程组求解的问题.模拟分析和实证研究结果表明:基于协变量校准后的Cox模型的广义矩估计方法比偏似然估计方法、协变量未调整的Cox模型的广义矩估计方法的效果更好.     

非参数空间滞后模型的广义矩估计北大核心CSCD

放松了参数空间滞后模型中自变量的影响为已知的线性或非线性形式假设,考虑一类非内生自变量为随机变量的非参数空间滞后模型,构建了该模型的广义矩估计法,导出了其估计量的渐近性质,用Monte Carlo模拟方法考察了估计量的小样本表现.此外还将所提出的估计方法应用于估算我国各省市全要素生产率增长率.     

Asymptotic properties of Lasso in high-dimensional partially linear models

We study the properties of the Lasso in the high-dimensional partially linear model where the number of variables in the linear part can be greater than the sample size. We use truncated series expansion based on polynomial splines to approximate the nonparametric component in this model. Under a sparsity assumption on the regression coefficients of the linear component and some regularity conditions, we derive the oracle inequalities for the prediction risk and the estimation error. We also provide sufficient conditions under which the Lasso estimator is selection consistent for the variables in the linear part of the model. In addition, we derive the rate of convergence of the estimator of the nonparametric function. We conduct simulation studies to evaluate the finite sample performance of variable selection and nonparametric function estimation.     

A Computational Approach for Full Nonparametric Bayesian Inference Under Dirichlet Process Mixture Models

Widely used parametric generalized linear models are, unfortunately, a somewhat limited class of specifications. Nonparametric aspects are often introduced to enrich this class, resulting in semiparametric models. Focusing on single or k-sample problems, many classical nonparametric approaches are limited to hypothesis testing. Those that allow estimation are limited to certain functionals of the underlying distributions. Moreover, the associated inference often relies upon asymptotics when nonparametric specifications are often most appealing for smaller sample sizes. Bayesian nonparametric approaches avoid asymptotics but have, to date, been limited in the range of inference. Working with Dirichlet process priors, we overcome the limitations of existing simulation-based model fitting approaches which yield inference that is confined to posterior moments of linear functionals of the population distribution. This article provides a computational approach to obtain the entire posterior distribution for more general functionals. We illustrate with three applications: investigation of extreme value distributions associated with a single population, comparison of medians in a k-sample problem, and comparison of survival times from different populations under fairly heavy censoring.     

Instrumental variable approach to covariate measurement error in generalized linear models

The paper presents the method of moments estimation for generalized linear measurement error models using the instrumental variable approach. The measurement error has a parametric distribution that is not necessarily normal, while the distributions of the unobserved covariates are nonparametric. We also propose simulation-based estimators for the situation where the closed forms of the moments are not available. The proposed estimators are strongly consistent and asymptotically normally distributed under some regularity conditions. Finite sample performances of the estimators are investigated through simulation studies.     

Multivariate Adaptive Splines for Analysis of Longitudinal Data

Abstract

An essential feature of longitudinal data is the existence of autocorrelation among the observations from the same unit or subject. Two-stage random-effects linear models are commonly used to analyze longitudinal data. These models are not flexible enough, however, for exploring the underlying data structures and, especially, for describing time trends. Semi-parametric models have been proposed recently to accommodate general time trends. But these semi-parametric models do not provide a convenient way to explore interactions among time and other covariates although such interactions exist in many applications. Moreover, semi-parametric models require specifying the design matrix of the covariates (time excluded). We propose nonparametric models to resolve these issues. To fit nonparametric models, we use the novel technique of the multivariate adaptive regression splines for the estimation of mean curve and then apply an EM-like iterative procedure for covariance estimation. After giving a general algorithm of model building, we show how to design a fast algorithm. We use both simulated and published data to illustrate the use of our proposed method.     

纵向数据部分线性测量误差模型的二次推断函数估计

基于纵向数据部分线性测量误差模型, 研究了模型中兴趣参数部分回归系数的估计问题. 首先采用B样条方法逼近模型中的非参数函数, 然后提出修正的二次推断函数(QIF)方法对模型中参数部分的回归系数进行估计, 所提方法可以提高估计的效率. 在一定的正则条件下, 证明了所得到的估计量具有相合性和渐近正态性. 最后, 通过模拟研究和实例分析验证了所提出估计方法的有限大样本性质.     

基于中国地震的损失模型(英文)

对损失分布的估计一直是保险公司的重要问题. 有多种参数方法以及非参数方法拟合损失分布. 本文作者提出了结合参数和非参数的方法来解决损失分布拟合问题. 首先通过超额均值图确定大小损失之间的阈限,再利用广义Pareto分布拟合阈值以上损失, 转换后的核密度估计拟合阈值以下损失. 最后, 通过实证分析将该方法和其他方法进行了误差分析比较, 取得了理想的结果.     

Local Linear Estimation of Jump-Diffusion Models by Using Asymmetric Kernels

This article addresses the problem of nonparametric estimation of the first and second infinitesimal moments by using the local linear method of the underlying jump-diffusion models. The motivation behind the study is to use the asymmetric kernels instead of standard kernel smoothing. The basic idea relies on replacing the symmetric kernel by asymmetric kernel and provides a new way of obtaining the nonparametric estimation for jump-diffusion models. We prove that the estimators based on the local linear method for jump-diffusion models are consistent and asymptotically follow normal distribution under the condition of recurrence and stationarity.     

非参数克莱因计量经济联立模型

将非参数回归模型的局部线性估计方法与传统联立方程模型估计方法相结合 ,首次提出了非参数计量经济联立模型的局部线性两阶段最小二乘估计并应用于著名的克莱因计量经济联立模型且与其线性联立模型进行了比较 .结果表明 ,线性克莱因计量经济联立模型是非参数克莱因计量经济联立模型的一个较好近似 .     

Spline estimators for semi-functional linear model

In this paper, we introduce a semi-functional linear model in which a scalar response variable is explained by a linear operator of a random function and a nonparametric function of a real-valued random variable. We study the spline estimators of the functional coefficient and nonparametric function and obtain the rates of convergence of the spline estimators. Finally, we present some simulation results that illustrate the performance of our estimation method.     

Moment Estimation for Multivariate Extreme Value Distribution in a Nested Logistic Model

This paper considers multivariate extreme value distribution in a nested logistic model. The dependence structure for this model is discussed. We find a useful transformation that transformed variables possess the mixed independence. Thus, the explicit algebraic formulae for a characteristic function and moments may be given. We use the method of moments to derive estimators of the dependence parameters and investigate the properties of these estimators in large samples via asymptotic theory and in finite samples via computer simulation. We also compare moment estimation with a maximum likelihood estimation in finite sample sizes. The results indicate that moment estimation is good for all practical purposes.