Ce3+, Mn2+共掺的Ca4Y6 (SiO4)6F2的发光性质和能量传递

采用高温固相法制备了Ca_4-xY_5.95 (SiO₄)₆F₂:0.05Ce³⁺, _xMn^{2 +}系列荧光粉,并对其发光性质以及Ce³⁺, Mn^{2 +}在Ca₄Y₆ (SiO₄)₆F₂ (CYSF)基质中的能量传递过程进行了研究.相结构研究表明: CYSF属于一种基于磷灰石结构的类质同象化合物.CYSF: 0.05Ce³⁺, _xMn²⁺荧光粉在200–373 nm为宽带激发光谱,Ce³⁺和Mn²⁺在408 nm和602 nm的发射峰分别由Ce³⁺的5d→4f的跃迁和Mn²⁺的⁴T₁ (⁴G)→ ⁶A₁ (⁶S)的跃迁产生.光谱重叠现象以及荧光寿命测试结果证明了Ce³⁺对Mn²⁺具有敏化作用,能级结构分析进一步证实该体系中存在Ce³⁺→Mn²⁺的能量传递过程,可有效地将Ce³⁺的蓝光转换为红橙光. 关键词： 磷灰石 发光性质 能量传递     

Investigation in the L.C.A.O.-M.O. Framework of the overlap and covalency contribution to the zero field splitting of S state ions

Using the L.C.A.O.-M.O. scheme, we review the different stages of the calculation of the overlap and covalency contribution to the zero-field splitting of ⁶S state ions. We calculate general molecular integrals involved in the non-local spin-spin contribution and derive analytic functions of the metal-ligand distance to fit numerical results of integral calculations for Mn²⁺---F⁻, Mn²⁺---O²⁻, Fe³⁺---F⁻and Fe³⁺---O²⁻ bonds. We use these results to calculate the zero-field splitting of Mn²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions at Ca²⁺ or Zn²⁺ crystal sites of tetragonal or trigonal symmetry in diamagnetic host lattices (RbCaF₃ and KZnF₃).     

Energy Spectrum and Its Pressure-Induced Shift and J-T Effect of ZnTe:Mn2+

By using strong-field scheme, the complete d⁵ energy matrix with symmetry has been constructed. Then, by diagonalization of this matrix at normal and various pressures,the whole energy spectrum [including the ground-state zero-field splitting (GSZFS)] and its pressure-induced shift (PS) of Znlb:Mn²⁺ have uniformly been calculated. The results are in very good agreement with experimental data. According to the eigenfimctions and PS, the assignments of four absorption bands have been given. By taking into account the dect of different deformations of t₂ and e radial wavefunctions on t₂³(⁴A₂)e²(³A₂)⁴ A₁ and t₂³(²E)e²(³A₂)⁴E, the position of the third absorption band at normal pressure has been estimated.The tetragonal field is important for GSZFS of ZnTe:Mn²⁺ and its PS, which supports the existence of tetragonal Jahn-Teller distortion in ZnTe:Mn²⁺ The physical essentials of typical levels, GSZFS and their PS have been revealed.     

Energy Spectra and g Factors of α-A1203:Cr3+ and α-A1203:Mn4+

By diagonalizing the complete d³ energy matrix in a trigonally distorted cubicfield and using the wavefunctions from it, unified calculations of the whole energy spectrum as well as the g factors of the ground state and t₂^{3 2} E excited states for α-A1₂0₃:Cr³⁺ and α-A1₂0₃:Mn⁴⁺ have been carried out respectively. A11 the calculated results are in very good agreement with the experimental data. The comparison between the results of the two crystals has been made, which demonstrates that the covalency of α-A1₂0₃:Mn⁴⁺ is stronger than the one of α-A1₂0₃:Cr³⁺. For the zero-field splittings of the ground state and t₂^{3 2} E , their physical origins are revealed; the comparison and analysis of their values of the two crystals have been made.     

Ce3+和Mn2+掺杂的Ba9(Y2-xScx)(SiO4)6光谱特性和温度特性研究

采用高温固相法制备了Ba₉(Y_2-xSc_x)(SiO₄)₆:Ce³⁺,Mn²⁺(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0)样品。在该体系中,当Sc³⁺含量从x=0逐渐增加至x=2时,Ce³⁺的蓝光发射强度提高了1.7倍;同时,Mn²⁺的红光发射强度提高了1.9倍,显示了优良的红光特性。样品的发射光谱和漫反射光谱表明,Ce³⁺、Mn²⁺发射强度的增加与Ce³⁺吸收能力和Ce³⁺向Mn²⁺能量传递的提升有直接关系。研究了样品Ba₉Sc₂(SiO₄)₆:Ce³⁺,Mn²⁺的热稳定性。随着温度的升高,Mn²⁺的红光发射呈现先升后降的态势。当温度从室温升至488 K时,Mn²⁺发射强度仅下降至室温时的84%,表现出优良的热稳定性。高亮的红光发射和优良的热稳定性表明该荧光材料可为紫外基白光LED提供良好的红色光源。     

SrB4O7：Pr3+,Mn2+中的Pr→Mn能量传递

从能量传递的角度出发,利用同步辐射光源(德国HASYLAB实验室的SUPERLUMI实验站)对Pr³⁺和Mn²⁺掺杂的SrB₄O₇粉末样品进行了光谱研究.206nm激发下,在SrB₄O₇:Pr³⁺(0.1%,摩尔分数)样品中观察到了来自Pr³⁺离子1S0能级的光子级联发射.SrB₄O₇:Pr³⁺样品的发射谱与SrB₄O₇:Mn²⁺样品监测Mn²⁺离子640nm发射的激发谱在330~430nm的波长范围里存在显著的光谱重叠.这个光谱重叠有利于Pr³⁺→Mn²⁺的能量传递发生,从而将Pr³⁺离子级联发射中第一步不实用的紫外或近紫外光子转换为Mn²⁺的红光发射.双掺杂样品SrB₄O₇:Pr³⁺,Mn²⁺与单掺杂样品SrB₄O₇:Pr³⁺的发射谱比较揭示出Pr³⁺→Mn²⁺的能量传递的确存在,并且提供了一种传递效率的估算方法,表明通过“Pr³⁺-Mn²⁺”组合有可能获得量子效率大于1的高效真空紫外激发发光材料.     

深红色Mg_(1+y)Al_(2-x)O_4:xMn~(4+),yMg~(2+)荧光粉的合成与发光性质

采用高温固相法在空气气氛中合成了新型Mg_(1+y)Al_(2-x)O_4:xMn~(4+),yMg~(2+)深红色荧光粉.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和荧光光谱仪表征荧光粉的晶体结构和形貌,并分析了发光性质,讨论了掺杂不同浓度Mn4+和过量Mg2+对样品发光强度的影响.结果表明,在300 nm波长激发下样品发射652 nm波长的红光,归因于Mn~(4+)的~2Eg—~4A_(2g)跃迁, Mn~(4+)的最佳掺杂浓度为0.14%.采用Blasse公式计算了Mn~(4+)-Mn~(4+)之间能量传递的临界距离,讨论了可能的能量传递过程和引起浓度淬灭的原因,采用Tanabe-Sugano能级图从理论上计算和分析了Mn~(4+)的d~3电子构型的晶体场强度大小.过量Mg~(2+)可以提高荧光粉的发光强度,同时导致了荧光寿命的缩短,荧光衰减曲线呈单指数变化.探讨了过量Mg~(2+)增强发光强度的机理,阐述了深红色荧光粉MgAl_2O_4:Mn~(4+)发光效率提高的原因.     

SrZn2(PO4)2:Sn2+,Mn2+荧光粉的发光性质及其能量传递机理

采用高温固相法制备了SrZn₂(PO₄)₂:Sn²⁺(SZ₂P:Sn²⁺), SrZn₂(PO₄)₂:Mn²⁺(SZ₂P:Mn²⁺), SrZn₂ (PO₄)₂:Sn²⁺, Mn²⁺(SZ₂P:Sn²⁺, Mn²⁺) 荧光粉. 通过X射线衍射、激发和发射光谱详细研究了荧光粉的物相和发光性质. 在SrZn₂(PO₄)₂ 基质中, Sn²⁺离子发射光谱是峰值位于461 nm宽带谱, 归属于Sn²⁺离子的³P₁→¹S₀能级跃迁, SZ₂P:Mn²⁺激发光谱由基质吸收带(200–300 nm)和位于352, 373, 419, 431和466 nm的一系列激发峰组成, 分别对应Mn²⁺离子的⁶A₁(⁶S)→⁴E(⁴D), ⁶A₁(⁶S)→⁴T₂(⁴D), ⁶A₁(⁶S)→[⁴A₁(⁴G), ⁴E(⁴G)], ⁶A₁(⁶S)→⁴T₂(⁴G)和⁶A₁(⁶S)→⁴T₁(⁴G)能级跃迁, 因此, SZ₂P:Sn²⁺ 的发射光谱与SZ₂P:Mn²⁺的激发光谱有较大范围的重叠. 结果表明Sn²⁺对Mn²⁺发光有明显的敏化作用. 基于Dexter电多极相互作用能量传递公式和Reisfeld近似原理分析, 荧光粉SZ₂P:Sn²⁺, Mn²⁺中Sn²⁺-Mn²⁺离子之间的能量传递机理属于电四极-电四极相互作用引起的共振能量传递, 并计算出Sn²⁺-Mn²⁺离子之间能量传递临界距离R_c ≈ 1.78 nm. 通过改变Sn²⁺, Mn²⁺离子掺杂浓度, 实现了荧光粉发光颜色的调节, 在254 nm短波紫外激发下荧光粉发出较强的蓝白光. 研究结果表明SZ₂P:Sn²⁺, Mn²⁺荧光粉有望应用于紧凑型节能灯照明领域, 随着半导体紫外芯片技术的发展, 有潜力应用于未来的白光发光二极管照明领域.     

(φ4As) CuCl3晶体中Cu2+-Cu2+离子对的EPR研究

本文在晶场理论的基础上,考虑了Cu²⁺-Cu²⁺离子间的交换作用后,得到了(φ₄As) CuCl₃晶体中Cu^2--Cu^2-离子对的跃迁能级,g-因子和零场分裂,计算结果与实验符合较好。     

Na4Ca3(AlO2)10∶Eu2+,Mn2+荧光粉的发光特性

采用高温固相法,制得一种新型荧光粉Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀∶Eu²⁺,Mn²⁺。样品的结构和发光性质分别由X射线衍射谱和荧光光谱来表征。在Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀∶Eu²⁺的激发光谱中出现了Eu²⁺的f-d跃迁吸收带;在发射光谱中,出现蓝光发射,峰值位于441 nm。当在Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀∶Eu²⁺中掺杂Mn²⁺时,发生了Eu²⁺→Mn²⁺的能量传递,在542 nm处出现了Mn²⁺的发射峰。在Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀∶Eu²⁺,Mn²⁺中,随着Mn²⁺浓度的增加,Eu²⁺粒子的发射强度减弱,而Mn²⁺粒子的发射强度增强,且Eu²⁺离子发射的衰减时间缩短,同时色度由蓝光移向白光。     

Ba9Y2(SiO4)6: Ce3+,Mn2+荧光粉的发光特性及能量传递

利用高温固相法制备了Ba₉Y₂(SiO₄)₆:Ce³⁺,Mn²⁺(BYS:Ce³⁺,Mn²⁺)荧光粉,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)谱、激发和发射光谱及荧光寿命的测试对材料的结构、发光特性和能量传递进行了研究。在327 nm激发下,BYS:Ce³⁺,Mn²⁺发射光谱中包含2个发射峰,分别为位于407 nm的Ce³⁺的蓝紫光发射和位于597 nm的Mn²⁺的红光发射。在该体系中,发现了Ce³⁺向Mn²⁺的有效能量传递,使得Mn²⁺在597 nm处的红光发射显著提高,当x(Mn²⁺)=0.25时,BYS:Ce³⁺,xMn²⁺的能量传递效率可达39%。实验表明,该荧光粉可为紫外基白光LED提供良好的红光光源。     

红色长余辉材料Mg2SiO4：Dy3+,Mn2+的制备及发光特性

用高温固相法制备了长余辉发光材料Mg₂SiO₄:Dy³⁺,Mn²⁺,对这种材料的红色长余辉性质进行了研究.对以不同掺杂浓度单掺杂Mn²⁺、单掺杂Dy³⁺以及双掺杂Dy³⁺,Mn²⁺的Mg₂SiO₄体系,通过在紫外激发下的发射光谱及其激发光谱的研究,确认了在双掺杂体系中,峰值为660nm的发光带对应着Mn²⁺的⁴T₁(⁴G)→⁶A₁(⁶S)跃迁,Mn²⁺为主要发光中心.Mn²⁺的660nm发射的激发谱分布很宽,样品在近紫外和可见光区都有良好的吸收,长波边可达600nm,是这种材料的一个显著优点.还研究了双掺杂体系中Dy³⁺对Mn²⁺的660nm发光带的敏化作用.另外,通过对单掺杂、双掺杂体系热释光曲线的比较,揭示了双掺杂体系中Dy³⁺的陷阱作用.     

Ba2SiO4:Ce3+,Mn2+荧光粉的制备与光谱性质

用高温固相反应法合成了Ba₂SiO₄:xCe³⁺,yMn²⁺(x=0~0.2, y=0~0.15)荧光粉,研究了荧光粉的晶体结构和发光性质。在紫外光激发下,Ba₂SiO₄:xCe³⁺的发射光谱为位于384 nm附近的宽带。Ba₂SiO₄:Mn²⁺样品的发射光谱位于376 nm的宽带较强,红光发射极弱。在Ce³⁺和Mn²⁺共掺的Ba₂SiO₄:xCe³⁺,yMn²⁺样品中,位于606 nm附近的红光发射较强,来源于Mn²⁺的⁴T₁(⁴G)-⁶A₁(⁶S)跃迁。这说明Ce³⁺离子将部分能量传递给了Mn²⁺离子,有效地敏化了Mn²⁺离子的发光。当Ce³⁺的摩尔分数为0.2、Mn²⁺的摩尔分数为0.075时,Ba₂SiO₄:xCe³⁺,yMn²⁺荧光粉位于606 nm的Mn²⁺的发射峰最强。     

Mn2+离子掺杂的NaTaOGeO4:Tb3+的发光性能

采用高温固相法制备了颜色可调的NaTaOGeO₄∶Tb³⁺,Mn²⁺荧光粉,并研究了其发光特性以及能量传递机理。在244 nm激发下,NaTaOGeO₄∶Tb³⁺的发射光谱的发射峰分别位于380,413,436,492,544 nm,分别属于Tb³⁺的⁵D₃→⁷F_J和⁵D₄→⁷F_J（J=6,5,4）能级跃迁,为蓝光和绿光发射。在280 nm波长激发下,在492 nm和544 nm处有较强的发射峰,分别属于Tb³⁺的⁵D₄→⁷F₆、⁵D₄→⁷F₅能级跃迁,为绿光发射。在248 nm波长激发下,NaTaOGeO₄∶Mn²⁺的发射光谱由位于576 nm处的宽带组成,属于Mn²⁺的⁴T₁→⁶A₁能级跃迁。当在NaTaOGeO₄∶Tb³⁺荧光粉中共掺杂Mn²⁺时,可以同时观察到Mn²⁺和Tb³⁺的发射峰,通过改变浓度掺杂比,可以得到颜色可调控的荧光粉。     

共沉淀法制备暖白光LED用Na2TiF6:Mn4+红色荧光粉及其发光性能研究

采用简便的共沉淀法制备了不同Mn⁴⁺ 掺杂摩尔分数的Na₂TiF₆:Mn⁴⁺ 红色荧光粉。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪、荧光光谱仪对荧光粉的结构、形貌、傅立叶红外光谱、激发和发射光谱及荧光寿命曲线进行了表征。结果表明,Mn⁴⁺的掺杂没有改变Na₂TiF₆的晶格结构,样品具有六方结构。Mn⁴⁺最佳掺杂摩尔分数为4.77%,量子效率为74%。在460 nm激发下,最强窄带发射峰位于628 nm处(²E_g-⁴A₂),色坐标为(0.681,0.317)。²E_g能级的荧光寿命曲线遵循双指数衰减,其荧光寿命值为3.148 ms。     

Role of vacancy-type defects in magnetism of GaMnN

Role of vacancy-type(N vacancy(VN) and Ga vacancy(VGa)) defects in magnetism of GaMnN is investigated by first-principle calculation.Theoretical results show that both the VNand VGainfluence the ferromagnetic state of a system.The VNcan induce antiferromagnetic state and the VGaindirectly modify the stability of the ferromagnetic state by depopulating the Mn levels in GaMnN.The transfer of electrons between the vacancy defects and Mn ions results in converting Mn~(3+)(d~4) into Mn~(2+)(d5).The introduced VNand the ferromagnetism become stronger and then gradually weaker with Mn concentration increasing,as well as the coexistence of Mn~(3+)(d~4) and Mn~(2+)(d~5) are found in GaMnN films grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition.The analysis suggests that a big proportion of Mn~(3+)changing into Mn~(2+)will reduce the exchange interaction and magnetic correlation of Mn atoms and lead to the reduction of ferromagnetism of material.     

Zn2 GeO4:Mn2+绿色磷光粉的制备和长余辉性能

采用高温固相反应法合成了Zn_2GeO_4∶xMn~(2+)系列绿色长余辉磷光粉。XRD分析结果表明,掺锰磷光粉的主要衍射峰位与锗酸锌晶体标准卡基本一致,但略有红移。SEM照片显示,相对于Zn_2GeO_4基质平均粒径而言,掺锰磷光粉的颗粒尺寸均增大。在325 nm紫外光激发下,Zn_2GeO_4∶Mn~(2+)发射出强的530 nm绿光,优化掺锰离子浓度为0.5%。同时发现Zn_2GeO_4∶0.2Mn~(2+)磷光粉暗场条件下的余辉时间超过180 min,详细讨论了Zn_2GeO_4∶Mn~(2+)长余辉发光的内在机理。     

Relationship between electronic and crystal structure in Cu–Ni–Co–Mn–O spinels: Part A: Temperature-induced structural transformation

Local atomic and crystal structures around Cu and Mn atoms in Mn_1.68Cu_0.6Ni_0.48Co_0.24O₄ spinel samples fabricated by metal–organic decomposition synthesis at different annealing temperatures were investigated by X-ray absorption fine structure analysis. There are two distinct copper cations, Cu¹⁺ and Cu²⁺, both of which maintain tetrahedral coordination. The bond-length distances are Cu¹⁺–O = 2.00 Å and Cu²⁺–O = 1.80 Å. The manganese cations are for the most part octahedral. The spinels prepared at low temperature (600 °C) contain smaller (Mn⁴⁺–O = 1.88 Å) undistorted MnO₆ octahedrons corresponding to Mn⁴⁺ valence, whereas the manganese octahedrons in high-temperature materials (800 °C and higher) were larger and had a pronounced tetragonal distortion pertaining to Mn³⁺ oxidation state (Mn³⁺–O = 1.93 Å and 2.11 Å). By rising the fabrication temperatures, relative concentration of the species of Mn⁴⁺ and Mn³⁺ varies as a result of the reaction represented by Cu¹⁺ + Mn⁴⁺  Cu²⁺ + Mn³⁺, implying irreversible temperature-induced structural transformation. Atomic coordinates in the low-temperature phase are similar to those found in the ideal cubic spinel with oxygen parameter u = 0.27, whereas local environments of the Cu and Mn atom correspond to the tetragonal CuMn₂O₄ phase (space group I4₁/amd). Unlike in CuMn₂O₄, orientation of the lattice distortions is random, however, the long-range cubic spinel structure is retained at all time.     

锰离子对镥基纳米晶体的荧光调控与增强

通过调控Mn²⁺的掺杂浓度,在镥基纳米晶体成功地实现了六方、四方混合相到纯四方相的相位转变,并详细讨论了其相变机理. 时域和频域光谱的分析表明,立方相Na₅Lu₉F₃₂：40% Mn²⁺,20% Yb³⁺,2% Ln³⁺（Ln=Er³⁺,Ho³⁺）纳米晶体内的准纯红色荧光发射主要由Mn²⁺和Ln³⁺之间的两步能量转移引起. Mn²⁺掺杂后引起了发光离子附近局域对称性的降低,使得电偶极跃迁的辐射速率明显增加,进而导致了上转换、下转换荧光的极大增强. 该研究结果在生物荧光成像、太阳能电池效率的提高方面具备潜在的、广阔的应用前景. 关键词： 镥基纳米晶体 电偶极跃迁 两步能量转移 局域对称性     

红色长余辉材料Zn3(PO4)2：Mn2+,Ga3+的合成及光谱性质

采用高温固相法合成α、β和γ-Zn₃(PO₃)₂:Mn²⁺,Ga³⁺(ZPMG),XRD分析表明,高温合成过程中淬火条件有利于β相的形成,退火条件有利于γ相的形成。三种磷光粉的激发光谱分别位于246nm(α)、234nm(β和γ)的宽带谱。α相的发射光谱为位于508nm的锐线谱,β和γ相的发射光谱均存在两个谱带,分别位于508nm的绿色光谱区和616nm的红色光谱区。两种发射均归属为Mn²⁺的⁴T₁(⁴G)→⁶A_1g(⁶S)跃迁,但是由于Mn²⁺在Zn₃(PO₃)₂结构中的配位数不同,故发光颜色及强度均不同。对于余辉发射,只能观察到红色余辉光谱。