模型及其参数对确定K介子有效质量的影响

分别使用线性和非线性Walecka模型,讨论了重子标量密度ρS和矢量密度ρB的关系.运用相对论平均场理论给出了不同模型下ρ_S-ρ_B关系曲线.利用这些结果,分析了模型和参数组对核物质中K介子有效质量影响的大小,得到了不同参数组下K介子有效质量随核物质密度的变化关系曲线.同时计算了非对称核物质中K介子有效质量在不同模型和不同参数下的有效质量的曲线,并与对称核物质中的情况进行了比较.     

核介质中强子性质的手征σ模型研究

采用手征σ模型描述核多体系统,考虑真空极化的影响,首先由核物质的饱和性质确定模型参数,进一步研究了强子性质在核介质中的变化。手征σ模型的研究结果给出,核子和ω介子的有效质量随核物质密度的增大而减小,但σ介子的有效质量随密度的增大而增大。这些结果与不满足手征对称性的Walecka模型结果进行了比较。计算中采用的重整化方法会对结果有一定的影响。The modification of hadron masses in nuclear medium is studied by using the chiral sigma model, which is extended to generate the omega meson mass by the sigma condensation in the vacuum in the same way as the nucleon mass. The chiral sigma model provides proper equilibrium properties of nuclear matter. It is shown that the effective masses of both nucleons and omega mesons decrease in nuclear medium, while the effective mass of sigma mesons increases at finite density in the chiral sigma model. The resuits obtained in the chiral sigma model are compared with those obtained in the Walecka model, which includes sigma and omega mesons in a non-chiral fashion.     

Pentaquark Θ+的介质效应

在密度相关的相对论平均场理论基础上, 假定Θ⁺通过交换有效的同位旋标量介子σ和ω与其他重子发生相互作用, 研究了强子在包含Θ⁺的奇异核物质中的性质改变. 讨论并计算了介质中的Θ⁺和核子有效质量及其对重子密度的依赖关系, 分析了Θ⁺在核物质中包含的成分大小以及核子的同位旋效应对奇异核物质性质的影响, 进一步计算了不同重子组成比例下奇异核物质的标量密度ρ_S和矢量密度ρ_B的对应曲线.     

核物质中K介子有效质量与非线性效应

分析了核物质标量密度和矢量密度对K介子有效质量的影响．使用非线性σ-ω-ρ模型和相对论平均场理论，给出了核物质标量密度和矢量密度的近似关系曲线，并与线性σ-ω模型的情况进行了比较．利用这一关系，改进了K介子有效质量和核物质密度之间存在的依赖关系，比较不同模型对K介子有效质量的影响．同时也计算了纯中子物质中K介子在不同模型下的有效质量曲线，并与在对称核物质中的情况进行了比较．We investigate the effect of the nuclear vector density ρ_B and the scalar density ρ_S on in-medium kaon and antikaon effective masses. Based on nonlinear σ-ω-ρ model in the relativistic mean-field approximation, we obtained the relation between the two nuclear densities both σ-ω model and σ-ω-ρ model. By (using) the relation, we improve the dependence of in-medium kaon and antikaon effective masses. We also studied the differences of kaon and antikaon effective mass abtained by...     

δ介子对确定K介子有效质量的影响

运用密度相关的平均场理论,分析了耦合常数随密度的变化及其对核子有效质量的影响.尤其引入δ介子后,质子和中子的同位旋效应得到体现,使非对称核物质中质子和中子的有效质量出现差别,从而对标量密度产生影响.利用含δ介子密度相关的相对论平均场理论,计算了在对称和非对称核物质中标量密度ρ_S和矢量密度ρ_B的关系,并由此研究了K介子有效质量随核物质密度的变化,分析了密度相关的耦合常数以及核物质非对称参数对K介子有效质量产生影响的大小,并与在耦合常数不依赖于核物质密度的情况下进行了比较.     

核物质中K介子有效质量

分析了K介子在核物质中有效质量的变化受到核物质标量密度和矢量密度的双重影响,使用Walecka模型和相对论平均场理论,讨论了核物质标量密度与矢量密度的关系,利用这一关系改进了K介子有效质量和核物质密度之间存在的依赖关系.     

核物质中五夸克重子态Θ+的有效质量

在相对论平均场框架下, 根据夸克介子耦合模型思想引入密度相关的标量耦合 系数gσN, 计算了密度相关耦合系数下, 核物质标量密度、五夸克重子态Θ⁺有效质量随核物质密度的变化情况, 并与不变耦合系数下情况相比较. 发现在低密度区域, 密度相关的耦合系数对其影响很小, 但在高密区域影响明显. 表明, 在密度相关的耦合系数影响下, 标量介子与重子的相互作用在高密度区域被削弱.     

ρ0,ω介子正负电子对衰变中的ρ0-ω混合效应

本文提出了ρ⁰-ω介子混合的一个可能形式,由(ρ⁰,ω)→π⁺π^－衰变定出其耦合常数,并计算了它对ρ⁰,ω介子正负电子对衰变率的影响,结果表明其混合效应对ρ⁰→e⁺e^－增加9.4%,而对ω→e⁺e^－则减少2.6%.     

手征σ模型中σ介子的质量与核物质结合能曲线关系的研究

文中研究了手征σ模型下σ介子的质量m_σ与核物质结合能曲线的关系,主要的目的是研究在单圈图近似下所谓的“快子极点”问题,即σ或π介子质量的平方变为负数,这将导致能量密度为虚数.把m_σ看成自由参数并通过拟合核物质的饱和性质而确定,结果表明,在单圈图真空起伏近似下,并选重整化点在质量壳上,当m_σ=307.5MeV而且核密度小于4.43倍正常饱和密度时,“快子极点”没有出现,因此首先得到了核物质结合能曲线以及计算了不可压缩系数K(≌175.7MeV).     

σ介子的自相互作用对核物质物态方程的影响

在相对论σ–ω模型里,详细讨论了σ介子的自相互作用参数对正常核物质物态方程的影响,特别是对核物质的不可压缩系数、有效质量,以及σ介子与核子、ω介子与核子之间的耦合常数的影响,发现这些参数与核物质的性质之间有紧密的联系.同时,利用这些结果研究了相对论σ–ω–π模型下△共振态核物质的结合能和压强与温度之间的关系,并同我们以前的结果作了比较,得到了一些有意义的结果.在以上所有的分析中,考虑了核子、△粒子和σ介子的真空起伏.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.