曙红与卟啉分子间和分子内的光致相互作用

合成了以半刚性链(一CH_2phCH_2—)和柔性链(—(CH_2)_4—)连接的曙红-卟啉二元化合物及其模型化合物.通过吸收光谱、荧光光谱、激发光谱及荧光寿命研究了模型化合物分子间的相互作用和二元化合物分子内的光致电子转移和能量传递.结果表明:二元化合物的模型化合物曙红乙酯和卟啉易形成基态复合物 在二元化合物分子内激发曙红时,曙红能将其单重态能量传递给卟啉,并能引发分子内的电子转移;激发卟啉时,能发生曙红向卟啉的电子转移.分析了分子构型和溶剂极性对2种过程的影响.     

卟啉-噁二唑二元体系光诱导能量及电子传递研究

以5-对氨基苯基-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉及2-苯基-5-(对氨基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑为原料合成了系列卟啉-噁二唑二元化合物, 其结构通过¹H NMR, ESI-MS, IR, UV-Vis确定. 对合成化合物进行光谱性能测定, 结果表明, 在卟啉与噁二唑混合体系中, 存在着卟啉激发态分子向噁二唑基态分子的分子间电子传递过程, 导致卟啉激发态的荧光猝灭; 在卟啉-噁二唑二元体系中, 315 nm激发下发生了由激发态噁二唑基团至卟啉基团的能量传递, 导致噁二唑基团荧光猝灭, 卟啉基团荧光增强. 420 nm激发下不存在分子内卟啉基团向噁二唑基团的电子回传竞争; 电化学性能测定进一步表明从噁二唑基团向卟啉基团的电子传递是可能的. 因此卟啉-噁二唑二元化合物可能作为一种模型, 模拟光合作用中电子给体至叶绿素之间的电子传递过程.     

芘-对二氰基乙烯基苯的光诱导分子内电子转移及其盐效应的研究

本工作设计并合成了一系列以不同链长相连的芘-对二氰基乙烯基苯(Py-DCVB)化合物, 利用紫外可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱、核磁共振谱研究了Py-DCVB的光诱导分子内电子转移激基复合物的形成与基态构象的关系, 并且利用激光闪光光解开展了盐效应的研究, 瞬态吸收光谱的结果证实了Py-DCVB分子内光诱导电子转移反应经历激基复合物的中间过程。     

卟啉化合物的研究 ⅩⅢ.取代四苯基卟啉蒽醌化合物的合成和光谱性质研究

本文报道了一组取代四苯基卟啉蒽醌化合物的合成和光谱性质研究,并根据波谱数据和各化合物荧光猝灭程度的不同,讨论了化合物的结构以及取代基,卟啉和蒽醌之间的距离对分子内电子传递产生影响的内在因素。     

卟啉化合物的研究 XIX: 四苯基卟啉Schiff碱的合成和卟啉蒽醌Schiff碱的光物理性质

用Vilsmeier醛基化反应的中间物直接胺解制备四苯基卟啉Schiff碱, 测定了四苯基卟啉蒽醌Schiff碱(P-AQ)在光照和氩气氛中的可见光谱差谱(光-暗)和荧光光谱。对结果进行了讨论, 并用在光辐照下P-AQ分子构型变化来解释分子内电子转移生成P^+.-AQ^-. 离子自由基的稳定性。     

卟啉化合物的研究 XIX: 四苯基卟啉Schiff碱的合成和卟啉蒽醌Schiff碱的光物理性质

用Vilsmeier醛基化反应的中间物直接胺解制备四苯基卟啉Schiff碱, 测定了四苯基卟啉蒽醌Schiff碱(P-AQ)在光照和氩气氛中的可见光谱差谱(光-暗)和荧光光谱。对结果进行了讨论, 并用在光辐照下P-AQ分子构型变化来解释分子内电子转移生成P^+.-AQ^-. 离子自由基的稳定性。     

剪刀型双卟啉锌配合物在Cu+离子和DABCO双客体调控下的荧光开关效应

设计了一个含有双包合功能的剪刀型双卟啉锌化合物1(1,8-二{4-[N-(N,N-锌-5,10,15,20-四苯基卟啉-4'-取代)-氨基羰基]苄氧基}蒽醌). 通过荧光、紫外-可见光谱和核磁共振谱滴定实验证实, 化合物1能分别与金属离子和含氮双齿客体作用, Cu+离子和游离DABCO(1,4-偶氮双环[2,2,2]辛烷)都能导致化合物1中卟啉发光团的荧光猝灭, 它们的荧光猝灭机制分别源于光诱导电子转移过程(PET)和配体交换引起的电荷转移过程. Cu+离子和游离DABCO两种客体在氯仿溶液中可以相互作为彼此的捕获剂, 通过循环地加入这两种客体, 可以构筑一个双客体调控的OFF/ON荧光开关.     

磺酰脒基桥连的锌卟啉-富勒烯化合物构型对光诱导电子转移机理的影响

通过"一锅法"多组分偶联反应合成了一种新型磺酰脒基桥连的卟啉-富勒烯化合物ZnP-H-C₆₀. 该化合物具有Z式和E式2种异构体, 其中Z式异构体中含有分子内氢键. 光物理研究结果表明, 2种异构体中的卟啉与富勒烯之间都可以发生光诱导电子转移, 但其相应的电子转移机理却完全不同. 在Z式异构体中, 卟啉或富勒烯被激发后直接发生电荷分离而形成电荷分离态, 其电荷分离机理是通过氢键进行电子传递; 在E式异构体中, 由于卟啉和富勒烯之间存在空间电子相互作用, 被激发后先形成卟啉-富勒烯激基复合物, 再进一步发生电荷分离形成电荷分离态, 电荷分离通过空间电子转移实现.     

曙红酯与紫精的分子内及分子间的电子转移

合成了以—(CH_2)_1O.—相连的曙红和丁基紫精的二元化合物,运用吸收光谱,荧光光谱及荧光寿命,研究了分子间及分子内的光致电子转移过程,及加入β-环糊精或糖淀粉对二元化合物体系的影响.结果表明:分子内比分子间的作用显著增强,加入环糊精或糖淀粉后,其与二元化合物形成包结络合物,使电子转移的过程得到改变.     

pH值对2-(2-吡啶基)咪唑荧光光谱的影响研究

合成了2-(2-吡啶基)咪唑,并通过稳态荧光光谱研究了它在溶液中的光物理行为及溶液酸碱度的影响.发现2-(2-吡啶基)咪唑化合物存在分子内光诱导电子转移反应(PET),并且这一过程强烈地依赖于溶液的pH值,但是氮原子的质子化会影响PET过程.     

Determination of the electron transfer parameters of a covalently linked porphyrin-quinone with mesogenic substituents - optical spectroscopic studies in solution

The photoinduced electron transfer (PET) of a covalently linked porphyrin-quinone with mesogenic substituents was studied using visible and near-IR (NIR) spectroscopy. Mesogenic substituents were introduced at the porphyrin moiety in order to mimic the anisotropic membrane properties of the native reaction centre of photosynthesis. Photophysical characterization of this system in homogeneous solution is a prerequisite for a better understanding of the effects occurring in anisotropic medium. For this reason, we studied the fluorescence and phosphorescence quenching and lifetime of the charge-separated state. Time-resolved fluorescence measurements indicated an effective singlet PET. The complete set of PET parameters was calculated using Marcus theory of non-adiabatic electron transfer (ET). Steady state measurement of singlet oxygen luminescence, which allows indirect access to phosphorescence quenching, indicated that no triplet PET was involved in the decay processes. Using transient absorption spectroscopy, the lifetime of the charge-separated state was found to be 1.9 ns.     

Electronic and fluorescence spectral studies of a novel porphyrin-polypyridyl ruthenium(II) hybrid linked by a butyl chain

The electronic and fluorescence spectroscopic properties of a novel porphyrin-polypyridyl ruthenium(II) hybrid, [C(4)-TPP-(ip)Ru(phen)(2)](ClO(4))(2) (TPP=5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin, ip=imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline and phen=1,10-Phenanthroline), in which a polypyridyl ruthenium(II) moiety is linked to a porphyrin moiety by a butyl chain have been investigated and compared to its corresponding reference compounds. The studies of electronic absorption spectra have shown that there is an electronic interaction between the porphyrin moiety and the polypyridyl ruthenium(II) moiety in the hybrid. It can be found that intramolecular photoinduced electron and energy transfer processes may occur in the hybrid from the fluorescence spectra. When exciting in Soret band and Q band of porphyrin, the fluorescence quenching of the porphyrin moiety of the hybrid takes place due to electron transfer from the lowest singlet excited state (S(1)) to the appended polypyridyl rutherium(II) moiety, while the decay of S(2) (the second-excited singlet state) of the porphyrin moiety is mainly contributed to internal conversion to S(1). When exciting in MLCT band of the polypyridyl ruthenium(II) moiety, fluorescence corresponding to the polypyridyl ruthenium(II) moiety is quenched by intramolecular energy transfer from (3)MLCT of the ruthenium moiety to the lowest-energy triplet state localized on the porphyrin moiety.     

Scanning tunneling microscopy observation of self-assembled monolayers of strapped porphyrins

In this paper, we reveal that the free-base and zinc strapped porphyrins possessing long alkyl chains, C 24OPP-HQ and Zn(C 24OPP-HQ), respectively, can be arranged on surfaces. We used scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to observe alkyl-chain-assisted self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of these strapped porphyrins at the solid-liquid interface. STM images revealed that the strapped benzene moiety was detectable on the porphyrin core: that is, the strapped porphyrins could be differentiated from nonstrapped analogues. We compared the population of the nonstrapped porphyrin (C 24OPP) and either of the strapped porphyrins C 24OPP-HQ or Zn(C 24OPP-HQ) in the mixed SAMs. We then confirmed that Zn(C 24OPP-HQ) is more favorably incorporated in the mixed SAMs than C 24OPP-HQ. From (1)H NMR spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses, we concluded that the factors increasing the population of Zn(C 24OPP-HQ) in the mixed SAMs are the enhanced rigidity of the porphyrin core by the zinc coordination and the flat structure of the porphyrin moiety in the saddle conformation. This study demonstrates that strapped porphyrins possessing long alkyl chains are available to arrange the functional modules on the surface via chemical modification on the strapped moiety.     

Dyads and triads containing perylenetetracarboxylic diimide and porphyrin: efficient photoinduced electron transfer elicited via both excited singlet states

Synthesis, characterizations, and photophysical properties of new photoactive dyads and triads containing perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PIm) and porphyrin (free-base porphyrin (H(2)P) and zinc porphyrin (ZnP)), in which both entities were connected with a short ether bond, were examined with the aim of using these systems for molecular photonics. The porphyrin(P)-PIm systems absorbed strongly across the visible region, which greatly matched the solar spectrum. The geometric and electronic structures of the dyads and triads were probed using density function theory method at the B3LYP/3-21G level. It was revealed that the majority of the highest-occupied molecular orbital was located on the porphyrin entity, while the lowest-unoccupied molecular orbitals were entirely on the PIm entity. The excited-state electron-transfer processes were monitored by both steady-state and time-resolved emission as well as transient-absorption techniques in polar solvent benzonitrile. Upon excitation of the P (H(2)P and ZnP) moieties, efficient fluorescence quenching of the P moiety was observed, suggesting that the main quenching paths involved charge separation from the excited singlet porphyrin ((1)P) to the PIm moiety. Upon excitation of the PIm moiety, fluorescence quenching of the (1)PIm moiety was also observed. The nanosecond transience of spectra in near-IR region revealed the charge separation process from the P moieties to the PIm moiety via their excited singlet states. The lifetimes of the charge-separated states were evaluated to be 7-14 ns, depending on the solvent polarity. Photosensitized electron mediation systems were also revealed in the presence of methyl viologen and sacrificial electron donor.     

Conformations and electronic structures of axially coordinated fullerene-porphyrin-fullerene triad (C60CHCOO)2-Sn(IV) porphyrin

The conformational (cis and trans) stability and electronic structures of (C(60)CHCOO)(2)-Sn(IV) porphyrin, recently synthesized as a novel fullerene-porphyrin-fullerene triad linked by metal axial coordination, have been studied by ab initio calculations. The cis conformer was found to be slightly more stable than the trans by 1.38 kcal/mol in the neutral compound. Upon the addition of an electron to the triad, the relative stability of the cis conformer was found to be higher (3.29 kcal/mol) than that in the neutral one. From the investigation of frontier molecular orbitals, for the cis conformer, it was found that the electrons are localized in HOMO of the porphyrin, while the electrons are localized in LUMO of the syn-fullerene. For the trans conformer, it was found that the electrons are localized in HOMO of the porphyrin, while the electrons are localized in LUMO of one of the two fullerene moieties, and the electrons are localized in LUMO2 of the other fullerene moiety, but the LUMO and LUMO2 have the same orbital energy. Thus, the PET may take place unidirectionally in the cis conformer from the porphyrin to the syn-fullerene, while it is bidirectional from the porphyrin to both of the fullerene moieties.     

Self‐Sorting of Cyclic Peptide Homodimers into a Heterodimeric Assembly Featuring an Efficient Photoinduced Intramolecular Electron‐Transfer Process

We describe the thermodynamic characterisation of the self‐sorting process experienced by two homodimers assembled by hydrogen‐bonding interactions through their cyclopeptide scaffolds and decorated with Zn–porphyrin and fullerene units into a heterodimeric assembly that contains one electron‐donor (Zn–porphyrin) and one electron‐acceptor group (fullerene). The fluorescence of the Zn–porphyrin unit is strongly quenched upon heterodimer formation. This phenomenon is demonstrated to be the result of an efficient photoinduced electron‐transfer (PET) process occurring between the Zn–porphyrin and the fullerene units of the heterodimeric system. The recombination lifetime of the charge‐separated state of the heterodimer complex is in the order of 180 ns. In solution, both homo‐ and heterodimers are present as a mixture of three regioisomers: two staggered and one eclipsed. At the concentration used for this study, the high stability constant determined for the heterodimer suggests that the eclipsed conformer is the main component in solution. The application of the bound‐state scenario allowed us to calculate that the heterodimer exists mainly as the eclipsed regioisomer (75–90 %). The attractive interaction that exists between the donor and acceptor chromophores in the heterodimeric assembly favours their arrangement in close contact. This is confirmed by the presence of charge‐transfer bands centred at 720 nm in the absorption spectrum of the heterodimer. PET occurs in approximately 75 % of the chromophores after excitation of both Zn–porphyrin and fullerene chromophores. Conversely, analogous systems, reported previously, decorated with extended tetrathiafulvalene and fullerene units showed a PET process in a significantly reduced extent (33 %). We conclude that the strength (stability constant (K)×effective molarity (EM)) of the intramolecular interaction established between the two chromophores in the Zn–porphyrin/fullerene cyclopeptide‐based heterodimers controls the regioisomeric distribution and regulates the high extent to which the PET process takes place in this system.     

Diastereochemically controlled porphyrin dimer formation on a DNA duplex scaffold

DNA-porphyrin conjugates were designed and synthesized for the preparation of the conformationally controlled porphyrin dimer structures constructed on a d(GCGTATACGC)2. Porphyrin derivatives were introduced to the central TATpA sequence where p represents the phosphoramidate for the attachment of the free-base porphyrin (FbP) and zinc-coordinated porphyrin (ZnP), which allows contact of the two porphyrins in the minor groove. The porphyrin dimers were characterized using CD, UV-vis, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopies, indicating that the porphyrins form face-to-face conformations. Also the co-facial conformation was confirmed by comparison with spectra of the non-self-complementary duplex containing one porphyrin moiety. Introduction of zinc into porphyrin moiety destabilized the duplex formation. Two diastereomers showed different thermal stabilities and affected the conformations of porphyrin dimers. The temperature-dependent assembly and the conformational change of the porphyrin dimer on the duplex DNA were observed in the UV-vis spectra, indicating that the dynamic movement of the porphyrin dimer occurs on the duplex. The results indicate that the porphyrin dimers of DNA-FbP conjugates are overlapped clockwise and are located in the minor groove of the usual B-form DNA backbone. The interaction and conformation of two porphyrin moieties are controlled by the following three factors: (1) temperature change during and after formation of the duplex porphyrins at lower temperature; (2) diastereochemistry of the phosphoramidates where porphyrins are connected via a linker; and (3) zinc ion coordination that destabilizes the interaction of porphyrins as well duplex formation.     

Structural Multiplicity of Monomers of an Amphiphilic Porphyrin at the Outer Surface of CTAB Micelle

AggregationofporPhyrinsindifferentmedia,suchasinsolventswithvariouspolarity"'.insurfactantsolutionsofdifferentconcentrations'-',inmembranemedia',etc.,hasattTactedanincreasedinterestinthepastyears.ltiswellacceptedthattheSoretbandsaresensitivetosolventmicroenvironmentandaggregationformsofporphyrins.Thusspectra1characteristics,suchasfullwidthathalfheight(FWHH),peakposition,arecommonparameterstounderstandthesolubiIizationsiteandaggregationbehaviorsofporphyrinicmoleculesinmembranemedia'-'.Broade…     

Photoinduced energy and electron transfer in phenylethynyl-bridged zinc porphyrin-oligothienylenevinylene-C60 ensembles

Donor-bridge-acceptor triad (Por-2TV-C(60)) and tetrad molecules ((Por)(2)-2TV-C(60)), which incorporated C(60) and one or two porphyrin molecules that were covalently linked through a phenylethynyl-oligothienylenevinylene bridge, were synthesized. Their photodynamics were investigated by fluorescence measurements, and by femto- and nanosecond laser flash photolysis. First, photoinduced energy transfer from the porphyrin to the C(60) moiety occurred rather than electron transfer, followed by electron transfer from the oligothienylenevinylene to the singlet excited state of the C(60) moiety to produce the radical cation of oligothienylenevinylene and the radical anion of C(60). Then, back-electron transfer occurred to afford the triplet excited state of the oligothienylenevinylene moiety rather than the ground state. Thus, the porphyrin units in (Por)-2TV-C(60) and (Por)(2)-2TV-C(60) acted as efficient photosensitizers for the charge separation between oligothienylenevinylene and C(60).