PVB-联吡啶钌氧敏感膜荧光光度法对非水溶剂中微量溶解氧的测定

以聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)为共聚前驱体,联吡啶钌([Ru(bpy)3]Cl2·6H2O)为氧荧光指示剂,制备了一种新型氧敏感膜,据此建立了采用流动注射荧光光度法测定非水溶剂中微量溶解氧的新方法.在涂膜液中联吡啶钌浓度为1 mmol/L,涂膜液用量为2.5 mL,20 ℃下放置24 h,40 ℃恒温干燥48 h时,制备的氧敏感膜(膜厚0.5 mm)对氧响应的灵敏度最高.当激发波长为465 nm,溶液流速为1.0 mL/min时,该敏感膜对氧有较快的响应时间、良好的响应可逆性、较好的稳定性.对1,2-丙二醇和PEG-400中溶解氧的测定结果表明,两者的Stern-Volmer曲线的线性范围分别为0 ～69.12 mg/L和0 ～109.54 mg/L,检出限分别为4.25 mg/L和0.56 mg/L,RSD(n=6)分别为2.0%和1.8%.     

TNT及RDX蒸气对基于芘氧敏感膜荧光猝灭的研究

制备了以芘为敏感材料,聚苯乙烯(PS)以及聚氯乙烯(PVC)粉末为支持体系的两种荧光猝灭氧敏感膜.PS以及PVC氧敏感膜的最大激发波长分别为349 nm和355 nm,最大发射波长分别为399 nm和398 nm.分子氧对PS以及PVC氧敏感膜的荧光均有猝灭作用.同时,实验发现2,4,6-三硝基甲苯(TNT)和环三亚甲基三硝基胺(RDX)对这两种氧敏感膜的荧光也有一定的猝灭.     

二氧化硅-乙酸纤维素共混膜测溶解氧

制备了一种新型氧敏感膜用于测定水中的溶解氧。以乙酸纤维素(CA)为载体,八乙基铂卟啉(Pt OEP)为氧敏感指示剂制备氧敏感膜,并通过添加Si O2改善膜体的光学性能。膜片对氧饱和水溶液和氮饱和水溶液测定的相对标准偏差分别为1.1%(n=10)和0.92%(n=10),响应时间分别为19 s和23 s,线性相关系数为0.9972。敏感膜对氧有较快的响应时间、良好的响应可逆性以及较好的稳定性。     

用表面等离子体子共振免疫传感器检测B因子

研制了一种新型的基于表面等离子体子共振的光学传感器用于抗原识别。该传感器采用固定入射角,以波长为变量,在400-800nm范围内进行实时监测。分子自组装技术用于在金基底层上形成敏感膜,并对敏感膜形成的动力学过程进行了研究。B因子作为补体C3激活子与多种疾病有关,B因子的检测范围为1-80μgmL。在优化的实验条件下,该传感器具有良好的再现性、再生性及选择性。     

非水溶剂中微量溶解氧的测定

利用分子氧对联吡啶钌的荧光有淬灭作用的特点,建立了一种灵敏的测定非水体系中微量溶解氧的方法.以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)和四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)为共聚前驱体,以联吡啶钌为荧光指示剂制备了新的有机改性溶胶-凝胶氧敏感膜,并将该膜用于有机体系中溶解氧的测定,响应时间小于30 s.对1,3-丁二醇,丙二醇,丙三醇,PEG-400中溶解氧的测定线性范围分别为0～73.6 mg/L,0～116.4 mg/L,0～205.7 mg/L,0～165.0 mg/L;RSD(n=6)分别为3.5%.5.4%,2.8%和1.0%.该法可用于有机溶剂中溶解氧的测定.     

人血清白蛋白和牛血清白蛋白荧光量子产率的测量

以L-色氨酸荧光量子产率0．14为标准,测量了人血清白蛋白和牛血清白蛋白水溶液在不同激发波长下的荧光量子产率。在pH6．4和25℃条件下,人血清白蛋白和牛血清白蛋白在最大激发波长280nm的荧光量子产率分别为0．132和0．130。实验发现,pH对蛋白质荧光强度有明显影响,溶解氧对荧光量子产率基本没有影响。     

恒波长同步荧光猝灭法测定饮用水中微量溴酸根

在HCl介质中,Δλ=20nm,溴酸根对罗丹明123的恒波长同步荧光有猝灭作用,且猝灭程度与溴酸根的含量呈线性关系,据此建立了恒波长同步荧光猝灭测定饮用水中的微量测定溴酸根的新方法。该方法的线性范围为0～200μg/L,检出限为3.0ng/mL。该方法可用于化学试剂和各种饮用水中溴酸盐含量的测定。     

基于色相算法的表面等离子体共振成像传感器对苯并芘的敏感特性

报道了一种用于原位探测水中苯并芘的彩色表面等离子体共振成像(SPRI)传感器,该传感器既能提供直观的图像信息,又能借助色相算法定量分析待测物质的浓度及其吸附/脱附过程。首先利用自制的波长-图像同步检测型SPR传感器测试了裸金薄膜芯片在不同入射角下的共振波长和共振图像,然后利用色相算法建立了SPR共振波长与图像色相的依赖关系,基于该依赖关系获得了SPR传感器最佳色相灵敏度对应的起始共振波长约为650 nm;另一方面,制备了聚四氟乙烯涂覆的SPR传感芯片,基于聚四氟乙烯膜对水中苯并芘的可逆富集作用实现了苯并芘的原位快速探测。实验取得以下4个结果:(1)在20-100 nmol?L-1浓度范围内彩色SPR图像的平均色相值随着苯并芘浓度的升高线性减小;(2)对100 nmol?L-1的苯并芘的响应和恢复时间分别约为7和5 s;(3)由于聚四氟乙烯膜的厚度大于SPR消逝场穿透深度,检测结果不受溶液折射率影响;(4)在聚四氟乙烯敏感膜厚度较小且不均匀的情况下,传感器容许获取敏感膜的不同厚度区域对苯并芘的色相灵敏度。实验结果有力地证明了这种彩色SPR图像传感器在生化物质检测中具有良好的应用前景。     

双波长分光光度法同时测定水样中的Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)

以EDTA为显色剂,在pH 3.5~4.0,75℃水浴加热条件下,用双波长分光光度法同时测定水中Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)。选择测定Cr(Ⅵ)的波长对为352nm和441 nm,测定Cr(Ⅲ)的波长为542 nm,Cr(Ⅵ)的线性范围和检出限分别为0~120 mg/L和0.025 mg/L;Cr(Ⅲ)线性范围和检出限分别为0~140 mg/L和0.007 mg/L。Cr(Ⅵ)和Cr(Ⅲ)加标回收率分别为96.4%~100.4%和99.8%~104.5%。     

溴氧化法测定五倍子中单宁的研究

提出了五倍子中单宁的溴氧化紫外光度分析法。本法用过量溴氧化单宁,剩余的溴与I-作用生成I2。该I2在乙醇溶液中289nm波长下测定。其线性范围为0～2.0mg L,表观摩尔吸光系数为6.8×105L·moL-1·cm-1,相对标准偏差为2.3%。已用于五倍子中单宁的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).