迎风紧致格式与驱动方腔流动问题的直接数值模拟

本文给出了一种求解不可压缩流动问题的高精度差分格式,即迎风紧致格式.出发方程采用二维非定常原始变量Naiver-Stokes方程组.在差分方程中,对流项采用三阶精度的迎风紧致差分,其余空间导数项采用四阶紧致差分.本文利用该差分格式在等距网格上数值模拟了驱动方腔流动中的分离涡运动.在257×257的细网格上,Re数最高计算到10000.Re≤5000时的计算结果与前人结果符合得很好.当Re≥7500时发现流动不存在定常层流解而为非定常周期性解,并首次给出了非定常解的结果。     

二维分岔槽道内非牛顿流体流动的有限元分析

本文介绍二维分岔槽道内非牛顿流体流动的有限元分析.采用Galerkin法及混合有限元法,流体看作不可压缩的非牛顿流体,满足Oldyord微分型本构方程.由有限元法形成的非线性代数方程组用连续微分法求解.结果表明有限元法适于分析复杂流场中非牛顿流体的流动.     

不可压磁流体力学方程组的高精度数值解法

为数值求解低雷诺数下不可压流体在电磁场作用下的流动,提出一种四阶紧致差分方法.由二维原始变量的MHD方程组出发,推导出具有较少未知量的电流密度-涡量-流函数形式MHD方程组.建立了求解二维非定常不可压MHD方程组的电流密度-涡量-流函数形式的四阶精度紧致差分格式.为验证本文提出的高精度紧致差分方法的精确性和可靠性,对有...     

双币种期权定价模型的一个新ADI并行差分方法

双币种期权是一种重要的金融衍生产品,其定价模型是一个含有混合导数项的二维Black-Scholes方程,研究它的数值解法有着非常重要的理论意义和实际价值.本文给出求解双币种期权定价模型的基于Craig-Sneyd分裂法的一个新ADI差分方法(C-S ADI),该方法首先将二维B1ack-Scholes方程分裂为两个一维方程和一个含有混合导数的二维方程,然后分别对一维方程构造半隐式格式,对含混合导数的二维方程构造显式格式进行计算.C-S ADI差分方法具有以下优点:并行性,无条件稳定性,收敛性及空间二阶、时间一阶的计算精度.理论分析与数值试验表明,相比于经典的Crank-Nicolson差分格式和已有的基于Douglas Rachford分裂法的ADI差分格式(D-R ADI),本文格式计算精度更高,并且由于其具有天然的并行特性,本文格式比串行的Crank-Nicolson格式节省了近1/5的计算时间,证实了该方法对求解双币种期权定价模型是有效的.     

明渠中变密度变粘度牛顿流体紊动基本方程式

本文利用Navier－Stokes方程及雷诺时均法则,导出了变密度变粘度牛顿流体的紊动微分方程式,并进一步导出了变密度变粘度牛顿流体在明渠中紊流流动时的运动微分方程式.文中首次提出了密度紊动应力与粘度紊动应力的概念.     

非定常Stokes方程一种基于POD方法的简化有限差分格式

特征正交分解(proper orthogonal decomposition,简记为POD)方法是一种可对偏微分方程的物理模型(如流体流动)做简化的技术．这种方法已经成功地用于对复杂系统模型降阶．推广应用POD方法,将POD方法应用于具有实际应用背景的非定常Stokes方程经典的有限差分格式,建立一种维数较低而精度足够高的简化差分格式,并给出简化差分格式解与经典差分格式解的误差估计．数值例子说明数值计算结果与理论结果相吻合．进一步表明基于POD方法的简化差分格式对求解非定常Stokes方程数值解是可行和有效的．     

多孔介质中两相不可压缩流体的时间局部网格加密有限差分格式

引入Charent压力变量,对于多孔介质中两相不可压缩流体的非混溶驱动问题,其模型表现为耦合的非线性偏微分方程组,一个是压力方程,另一个为饱和度方程．文中考虑一维问题且假定达西速度“已知,建立了在时间上进行局部加密的有限差分格式,给出了饱和度的最大模误差估计．最后给出了数值算例．     

非定常的Navier-Stokes方程基于特征正交分解的差分格式

用特征正交分解和奇值分解去研究非定常的Navier-Stokes方程的有限差分格式, 并用有限差分格式计算出的非定常的Navier-Stokes方程瞬时解构成数据集合, 再 用特征正交分解和奇值分解求出这数据集合的元素的最优正交基函数. 结合Galerkin投影方法导出了非定常的Navier-Stokes方程具有较高精确度的低维模型. 并给出了特征正交分解格式解与有限差分格式解的误差分析. 数值例子表明特征正交分解格式解和有限差分格式解的误差与理论分析结果是一致的,从而验证特征正交分解的有效性.     

二维半线性反应扩散方程的交替方向隐格式

本文研究一类二维半线性反应扩散方程的差分方法.构造了一个二层线性化交替方向隐格式.利用离散能量估计方法证明了差分格式解的存在唯一性、差分格式在离散H~1模下的二阶收敛性和稳定性.最后给出两个数值例子验证了理论分析结果.     

透平机械内部三维可压缩Navier-Stokes方程的流面方法和维数分裂算法

在这篇文章中,运用经典的张量分析方法,把流动区域用-个二维流形序列分割成一系列流层之并,推得在流层内半测地坐标之下的Navier-Stokes方程,在流形的法线方向应用向后Euler差分,推导了两维流形上的可压缩Navier-Stokes方程,和流函数满足的方程.在这个基础上,提出了一种维数分裂法的新算法.这种方法不同于区域分解法.对于三维问题,在区域分解法中我们必须在每个子区域上仍解三维问题,但是在这种新方法中,只需要在每个子区域上求解二维问题,不过是几个二维流形上的NS方程.文中还给出了-个透平机械内部流动的数值计算实例.     

Effects of radiation and variable viscosity on unsteady MHD flow of a rotating fluid from stretching surface in porous medium

This work is focused on the study of unsteady magnetohydrodynamics boundary-layer flow and heat transfer for a viscous laminar incompressible electrically conducting and rotating fluid due to a stretching surface embedded in a saturated porous medium with a temperature-dependent viscosity in the presence of a magnetic field and thermal radiation effects. The fluid viscosity is assumed to vary as an inverse linear function of temperature. The Rosseland diffusion approximation is used to describe the radiative heat flux in the energy equation. With appropriate transformations, the unsteady MHD boundary layer equations are reduced to local nonsimilarity equations. Numerical solutions of these equations are obtained by using the Runge–Kutta integration scheme as well as the local nonsimilarity method with second order truncation. Comparisons with previously published work have been conducted and the results are found to be in excellent agreement. A parametric study of the physical parameters is conducted and a representative set of numerical results for the velocity in primary and secondary flows as well as the local skin-friction coefficients and the local Nusselt number are illustrated graphically to show interesting features of Darcy number, viscosity-variation, magnetic field, rotation of the fluid, and conduction radiation parameters.     

The effect of variable viscosity on MHD viscoelastic fluid flow and heat transfer over a stretching sheet

An analysis has been carried out to study the momentum and heat transfer characteristics in an incompressible electrically conducting non-Newtonian boundary layer flow of a viscoelastic fluid over a stretching sheet. The partial differential equations governing the flow and heat transfer characteristics are converted into highly non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations by similarity transformations. The effect of variable fluid viscosity, Magnetic parameter, Prandtl number, variable thermal conductivity, heat source/sink parameter and thermal radiation parameter are analyzed for velocity, temperature fields, and wall temperature gradient. The resultant coupled highly non-linear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by employing a shooting technique with fourth order Runge–Kutta integration scheme. The fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity, respectively, assumed to vary as an inverse and linear function of temperature. The analysis reveals that the wall temperature profile decreases significantly due to increase in magnetic field parameter. Further, it is noticed that the skin friction of the sheet decreases due to increase in the Magnetic parameter of the flow characteristics.     

Rheological effect on thermocapillary flow of a liquid film jet painted on a moving boundary

In the present paper, a liquid (or melt) film of relatively high temperature ejected from a vessel and painted on the moving solid film is analyzed by using the second-order fluid model of the non-Newtonian fluid. The thermocapillary flow driven by the temperature gradient on the free surface of a Newtonian liquid film was discussed before. The effect of rheological fluid on thermocapillary flow is considered in the present paper. The analysis is based on the approximations of lubrication theory and perturbation theory. The equation of liquid height and the process of thermal hydrodynamics of the non-Newtonian liquid film are obtained, and the case of weak effect of the rheological fluid is solved in detail.     

Effect of Hall current on transient hydromagnetic Couette–Poiseuille flow of a viscoelastic fluid with heat transfer

The unsteady Couette–Poiseuille flow of an electrically conducting incompressible non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluid between two parallel horizontal non-conducting porous plates is studied with heat transfer considering the Hall effect. A sudden uniform and constant pressure gradient, an external uniform magnetic field that is perpendicular to the plates and uniform suction and injection through the surface of the plates are applied. The two plates are kept at different but constant temperatures while the Joule and viscous dissipations are taken into consideration. Numerical solutions for the governing momentum and energy equations are obtained using finite difference approximations. The effect of the Hall term, the parameter describing the non-Newtonian behavior, and the velocity of suction and injection on both the velocity and temperature distributions is examined.     

Flow field of a third-grade non-Newtonian fluid in the annulus of rotating concentric cylinders in the presence of magnetic field

In this paper, the flow field of a third-grade non-Newtonian fluid in the annulus of rotating concentric cylinders has been investigated in the presence of magnetic field. For this purpose, the constitutive equation of such a fluid flow was simplified, and the existence of the solution to the governing equation was established using Schauder's fixed point theorem. Using the finite difference method, the numerical solution of the non-dimensionalized form of the established governing equation was obtained. The effect of sundry parameters such as the rotating speed of the cylinders, the physical properties of fluid, and magnetic field intensity on the fluid velocity field was studied as well.     

Effects of partial slip on the steady Von Kármán flow and heat transfer of a non-Newtonian fluid

The steady Von Kármán flow and heat transfer of a non-Newtonian fluid is extended to the case where the disk surface admits partial slip. The constitutive equation of the non-Newtonian fluid is modeled by that for a Reiner-Rivlin fluid. The momentum equations give rise to highly nonlinear boundary value problem. Numerical solutions for the governing nonlinear equations are obtained over the entire range of the physical parameters. The effects of slip and non-Newtonian fluid characteristics on the velocity and temperature fields have been discussed in detail and shown graphically.     

Effects of partial slip,viscous dissipation and Joule heating on Von Kármán flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting non-Newtonian fluid

The steady Von Kármán flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting non-Newtonian fluid is extended to the case where the disk surface admits partial slip. The fluid is subjected to an external uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the disk. The constitutive equation of the non-Newtonian fluid is modeled by that for a Reiner–Rivlin fluid. The momentum equations give rise to highly non-linear boundary value problem. Numerical solutions for the governing non-linear equations are obtained over the entire range of the physical parameters. The effects of slip, magnetic parameter and non-Newtonian fluid characteristics on the velocity and temperature fields are discussed in detail and shown graphically. Emphasis has been laid to study the effects of viscous dissipation and Joule heating on the thermal boundary layer. It is interesting to find that the non-Newtonian cross-viscous parameter has an opposite effect to that of the slip and the magnetic parameter on the velocity and the temperature fields.     

Effects of slip on steady Bödewadt flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting non-Newtonian fluid

The steady flow and heat transfer arising due to the rotation of a non-Newtonian fluid at a larger distance from a stationary disk is extended to the case where the disk surface admits partial slip. The constitutive equation of the non-Newtonian fluid is modeled by that for a Reiner–Rivlin fluid. The fluid is subjected to an external uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the disk. The momentum equation gives rise to a highly nonlinear boundary value problem. Numerical solution of the governing nonlinear equations are obtained over the entire range of the physical parameters. The effects of slip, non-Newtonian fluid characteristics and the magnetic interaction parameter on the momentum boundary layer and thermal boundary layer are discussed in detail and shown graphically. It is observed that slip has prominent effects on the velocity and temperature fields.     

Unsteady hydromagnetic Couette flow of dusty fluid with temperature dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity under exponential decaying pressure gradient

In the present paper the unsteady Couette flow and heat transfer of a dusty conducting fluid between two parallel plates with temperature dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity are studied. The fluid is acted upon by an exponential decaying pressure gradient and an external uniform magnetic field is applied. The governing coupled momentum and energy equations are solved numerically using finite differences. The effect of the variable viscosity and thermal conductivity of the fluid and the uniform magnetic field on the velocity and temperature fields for both the fluid and dust particles is discussed.     

精确计算Bingham流体圆管层流压降及速度分布规律的新方法

Bingham(宾汉)模型情况下,多采用通用公式进行圆管层流压降的解析计算,即将Bingham模型本构方程代入粘性流体圆管层流流动通用公式进行计算,仅能得到压降的解析解.新方法结合Bingham流体本构方程与运动方程,建立有关力学平衡方程,并运用代数方程的根式解理论对圆管层流流动时的非线性方程进行求解,可直接求得Bingham流体圆管层流压降及速度流核区半径的解析解,进一步可求得圆管层流速度解析解;Bingham流体圆管层流速度的直接影响因素为流量、塑性粘度和屈服值,研究发现速度流核宽度与屈服值成正比,与流量及塑性粘度成反比,且流核的宽度越大,流核区的速度越小.