偏振光斯托克斯参量的高速实时测量技术

为了满足对高速变化的偏振态的测量,提出一种能够对偏振态实现高速测量的技术。阐述了利用1/4波片与起偏器测量偏振光的斯托克斯参量常规的原理和方法,根据高速测量的要求推导出了新的斯托克斯参量计算公式,并依据此公式设计了基于多通道偏振态高速测量的方案,设计了具体的方法并编写了控制与算法程序。测试表明,该系统的测量速度达到了每秒700次偏振态测量,测量速度主要由电子线路的性能决定,测得的结果稳定可靠实现了光纤传输偏振态的高速测量。     

基于偏振态调制器的三级米勒矩阵测量

对基于偏振态调制器的三级米勒矩阵测量方案进行了理论推导和证明,并对其进行了实验验证。通过建立三级系统方程,利用最小二乘的数值算法回归出多个待测器件的米勒矩阵。这种基于系统估值的方案不同于以往文献中提到的使用在线偏振测量仪测量输入/输出偏振态求解单个米勒矩阵的方法。三级串联光学子系统或光器件的米勒矩阵及其物理偏振参量可在一次测量中同时求得。实验测得的三个光学器件延迟量的标准差分别为0.0012、0.0018和0.0040。还针对测量系统的不确定性进行了仿真模拟,并着重讨论了串联系统中存在的误差累积效应,与实验数据进行了比较。     

高消光比多偏振态光源系统设计

在现代工程测量中,由于工程的各项技术指标要求越来越高,相应地对光源也提出了更高的要求。依据晶体双折射和晶体相位延迟对光偏振态的影响以及光的折射角与光振动方向有关的原理,设计了高消光比多偏振态光源系统,并设计测试方案对该系统实现的偏振态和消光比进行了验证。该光源系统通过计算机精密控制电机旋转设计的转盘结构很方便快捷地实现了S偏振态、P偏振态和圆偏振光的输出,并且系统中设计了平移和旋转装置自动控制偏振棱镜,获得了高消光比的偏振光,出射光消光比小于等于510-6。     

基于两光子宇称门接近确定性的制备偏振Cluster态(英文)EI北大核心CSCD

基于弱的交叉克尔效应和线性光学元件,利用光子偏振宇称门呈现了一个关于制备Cluster态的方案.本方案引入了交叉克尔非线性介质,采用了对相干探测模的非破坏测量,有效实现了光子与光子间的相互作用,进而获得所期望的光子纠缠态,同时可以提高制备的成功概率和制备态的保真度.通过本方案可以制备接近完美保真度的四光子偏振Cluster态,并具有接近1的成功概率.在本方案的基础上通过利用线性光学元件还可以获得3N+1个光子的偏振Cluster态.     

基于量子隐形传态的完全Bell基测量

完全区分4个Bell态是实现量子隐形传态过程的关键,目前线形光学的办法还不能对Bell态进行完全的测量.我们根据两光子量子隐形传态方案利用Mach-Zehnder干涉仪,通过高位希尔伯特空间中偏振与路径之间的纠缠实现了完全bell基测量.通过引入参考光的方法,达到干涉仪两臂相位的自动稳定;该方案成功应用于16 km自由空间量子隐形传态实验中.     

基于偏振门的动态光散射颗粒测量法的研究

为了解决动态光散射纳米颗粒测量技术无法测量高浓度颗粒粒径的难题,提出了一种基于偏振门的动态光散射测量法。从动态光散射和Mie理论出发,理论分析了在高浓度溶液下多重散射效应对散射光偏振态和颗粒粒度测量结果的影响。根据散射光偏振特点,结合偏振门检测技术,改进了传统的动态光散射光学系统。实验研究了在低浓度和高浓度溶液时,不同偏振角度下的散射光强和粒度测量值,完善了散射光的偏振理论。采用90°偏振门检偏,通过各种浓度下的实验,证明了方法的可行性。该方法较之目前同类方法具有原理和结构简单,系统易于维护的特点。     

基于旋转不变态的测量设备无关量子密钥分配协议研究

本文提出了一种基于旋转不变态的偏振无关测量设备量子密钥分配协议,既适用于偏振编码测量设备无关量子密钥分配系统,也应用于相位编码测量设备无关量子密钥分配系统的相干过程.通过在线偏振基进入信道传输前嵌入2块q玻片,使得在传输过程中将线偏振基转化为旋转不变的圆偏振基,而第三方对接收到的脉冲进行Bell态测量前,利用q玻片的算符可逆性,将圆偏振基还原为线偏振基进行测量,可以有效消除信道传输中偏振旋转导致的误码.本文分析了偏振无关的三诱骗态测量设备无关量子密钥分配系统的误码率,研究了密钥生成率与安全传输距离的关系,仿真结果表明,对于偏振编码测量设备无关量子密钥分配系统,该协议可以有效提高系统的最大安全通信距离,为实用的量子密钥分配实验提供了重要的理论参数.     

星载偏振扫描仪星上偏振定标器

为了满足偏振扫描仪的偏振测量精度要求,提出一种利用偏振扫描仪星上偏振定标器精确测量标准偏振态数值的方法。首先介绍了偏振扫描仪的技术特点、测量原理和偏振定标模型;其次结合仪器特性,将地球反照光+线偏振定标器/非偏振定标器作为在轨偏振定标的偏振态标准源;然后分别设计了专用的线偏振定标器和非偏振定标器;最后利用马吕斯定律确定线偏振定标器的偏振态数值,将星下点数据筛选出线偏振度小于0.4的下垫面反射光作为非偏振定标器的有效光源,以获得符合要求的非偏振光。所设计的定标器符合全光路、全孔径、端到端的要求,可保障长期在轨偏振测量精度为0.005。     

空间振幅调制光谱偏振测量技术信息提取研究

基于空间振幅调制的偏振测量技术，通过由复合光楔和检偏器组成的偏振调制模块将入射光偏振信息调制到空间维，再结合色散模块能够在单次测量中同时获取目标的偏振信息和光谱信息。首先，介绍了系统测量原理，推导出系统调制和解调方程。然后，通过对解调方程的分析，证明了系统具有区分不同偏振态入射光的能力，评估了检偏角对测量结果的不确定度和系统调制效率的影响。最后，给出了系统空间维和光谱维的定标方法，利用系统原理样机进行了偏振测量实验。实验结果表明，系统偏振度测量误差小于0.060，斯托克斯参数Q、U、V的测量误差分别小于0.052、0.035、0.057，测量结果说明了理论分析的正确性。     

退相干条件下两比特纠缠态的量子非局域关联检验

量子纠缠态的量子非局域关联特性在当前量子信息和量子计算协议中起着重要的作用.然而,任何实际的物理系统都不可避免地与周围环境相互作用,使得在量子信道中的传输过程中,量子态会发生相干性退化,进而弱化量子态的量子非局域关联特性.本文利用一种基于Hardy-type佯谬的高概率量子非局域关联检验方案,分别研究了两比特偏振纠缠态在经过振幅阻尼信道(ADC)、相位阻尼信道(PDC)和退极化阻尼信道(DC)后的量子非局域关联检验情况.研究结果表明,DC传输信道对量子态的量子非局域关联检验特性影响较大,而PDC传输信道对量子态的量子非局域关联检验特性影响较小.最后,本文还给出了利用弱测量结合弱测量反转操作克服ADC退相干时,偏振纠缠态成功进行量子非局域关联检验的条件.结果表明,当弱测量的强度增大时,可有效地降低ADC退相干效应对偏振纠缠态成功进行量子非局域关联检验造成的影响.     

Spectroscopic polarimetry with a channeled spectrum

We describe a novel method for the spectroscopic measurement of the state of polarization (SOP) of light. A pair of thick birefringent retarders is incorporated into the spectroscopic polarimeter, so the generated channeled spectrum is composed of three quasi-cosinusoidal components carrying the information about the SOP of the light that is being measured. Fourier inversion of the channeled spectrum provides significant parameters for determination of the spectrally resolved Stokes parameters of light. No mechanically movable components for polarization control or active devices for polarization modulation are used, and all the Stokes parameters can be determined at once from only the single spectrum. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated by the generation of elliptically polarized light whose SOP varies with wave number.     

Stabilization of a channeled spectropolarimeter by self-calibration

A novel method to stabilize a channeled spectropolarimeter is described. The fluctuating retardations of the high-order retarders used in the spectropolarimeter are calibrated in parallel to the measurement of the wavenumber-dependent state of polarization (SOP) of light. Both the calibration of the retarders and the measurement of the SOP can be made simultaneously using a single light to be measured, and hence the resultant wavenumber-dependent SOP is almost immune to fluctuation of the retardations. The effectiveness of this method is experimentally demonstrated with retardation fluctuations induced by a temperature change up to 40 degrees C.     

Visibility in magnetostrictive fiber-optic interferometric sensors and its dependence on the input SOP

The visibility in magnetostrictive fiber-optic interferometric sensors using a Gaussian laser beam is analyzed. It is shown that the conventional Gaussian laser beam has little influence on the visibility. The visibility depends strongly on the input state of polarization (SOP). We implement a cylindrical transducer and build a measurement setup with a polarization controller. The visibility dependent on the SOP of input light is measured. The estimated values are similar to the experiment results, which verifies the analysis.     

利用旋转波片组实现偏振变换器的两种新方法

偏振变换器作为一种重要的光学器件．以其高偏振变换精度、低成本、低插入损耗以及控制算法简单的特性在相干光纤通信和高速光纤通信领域具有十分重要的地位。提出了利用两个λ／4波片和一个λ／2波片的三波片组合实现任意偏振态变换的新方法。用改进的三维庞加莱球方法—偏振态投射平面的二维几何方法分别推导出了λ／4 λ／4 λ／2组合以及λ／2 λ／4 λ／4组合实现任意偏振态变换时每个波片的位置参量计算公式。研究结果表明：两个λ／4波片和一个λ／2波片的任意组合都可以实现任意偏振态的变换;用偏振态投射平面的几何方法处理偏振变换的相关问题比庞加莱球方法和矩阵处理方法简洁明了。研究结果为偏振变换器的设计提供了理论依据。     

SOP and PMD monitoring on deployed aerial optical fibres

State of polarization (SOP) and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) are stochastic in nature due to changes in the properties of the optical fibres and its positions because of both intrinsic and extrinsic perturbations. With 184 PMD values obtained by use of the FTB-5700 single-ended dispersion analyzer, the predicted theoretical Gaussian fit was obtained with a mean of 0.47 ps and standard deviation of 0.08 ps. This small standard deviation was justification for its accuracy in measuring PMD of aerial optical fibres. A comparison is also made on the accuracy of the GINTY and the FTB-5700 on measurement of PMD of aerial optical fibres with results showing that the latter is more accurate compared to the former. The time scale over which to compensate PMD in aerial optical fibres was determined and it is slightly higher than 400 s; the decorrelation time obtained for SOPs on a particular windy and hot day. This is because the changes of the PMD vector are known to be slower than SOP changes.     

Study of the stability of polarization mode dispersion in fibre

Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is the ultimate limitation to high bit-rate fibre communication system. The stability of PMD is very important to its measurement and compensation. This paper puts forward a method to measure the stability of PMD by measuring the stability of the state of polarization (SOP) and introduces the conception of time evolution vector (TEV) of SOP. We observe the fact that the regularity of the principal state of polarization changing with time is the same as other SOPs‘‘, if we neglect the dependence of TEV on wavelength. We also measure the SOP‘‘s stability of some fibres with different lengths, and obtain results of PMD changing with time.     

Single-shot full-field interferometric polarimeter with an integrated calibration scheme

A simple interferometric polarimeter with an integrated calibration scheme is proposed for accurate and fast mapping of the state of polarization (SOP). Conventional single-shot polarimeters that detect the amplitude and phase of orthogonally polarized field components by interferometry using Fourier fringe analysis suffers from errors caused by the imperfect reference beam and ambiguity in the spatial carrier frequency in the fringe pattern. In the proposed system, the integrated calibration scheme eliminates those error sources and enables accurate measurement of SOP without prior knowledge of the reference beam and the spatial carrier frequency.     

Polarization dependence of gain and amplified spontaneous Brillouin scattering noise analysis for fiber Brillouin amplifier

The polarization dependences of gain and amplified spontaneous Brillouin scattering(ABS) noise for fiber Brillouin amplifier(FBA) are analyzed through theories, simulations, and experiments.Modified vector propagation equations for calculating the gain of the probe signal and the ABS noise are derived and analyzed in the Stokes spaces.In simulations and experiments, we prove that the gain of the probe signal and the ABS noise are strongly dependent on the relative state of polarization(SOP) of the pump and probe signals.The closer the relative SOP of the pump and probe signals is, the more obvious ABS noise suppression effect will be brought by increasing the power of the input probe signal.     

Uniformly high-speed semi-open loop polarization control and PMD suppression

We propose and demonstrate a novel scheme of semi-open-loop polarization control(SOL-PC), which controls the state of polarization(SOP) with high accuracy and uniform high speed. For any desired SOP, we first adjust the initial SOP using open-loop control(OLC) based on the matrix model of a three-unit piezoelectric polarization controller, and quickly move it close to the objective one. Then closed-loop control(CLC) is performed to reduce the error and reach precisely the desired SOP. The response time is three orders faster than that of the present closed-loop polarization control, while the average deviation is on par with it. Finally, the SOL-PC system is successfully applied to realize the suppression of the polarization mode dispersion(PMD) effect and reduce the first-order PMD to near zero. Due to its perfect performance, the SOL-PC energizes the present polarization control to pursue an ideal product that can meet the future requirements in ultrafast optical transmission and quantum communication.