两个α,β-不饱和酮药物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

以3-吡啶甲醛与环己酮或N-甲基-4-哌啶酮进行Claisen-Schmidt缩合反应,经柱层析纯化得到2,6-二(3-吡啶亚甲基)-1-环己酮(L1)和3,5-二(3-吡啶亚甲基)-4-哌啶酮(L2),并通过核磁共振(1H NMR)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、元素分析等进行结构表征。采用CCK-8法评价其对A549(肺癌细胞)、He PG2(肝癌细胞)、MCF-7(乳腺癌细胞)、SGC-7901(胃癌细胞)、OVCA-433(卵巢癌细胞)等细胞系的抗肿瘤活性以及对HUVEC(脐静脉内皮细胞)的细胞毒性。结果显示,L1对SGC-7901和He PG2,L2对A549,SGC-7901,OVCA-433和He PG2均有较好的抑制活性,其半抑制率IC50均小于10μmol/L,但对正常细胞HUVEC的毒性较小。另外,通过共聚焦显微成像技术,实时检测了He PG2肿瘤细胞和正常细胞HUVEC对L2的体外摄取情况,随着药物浓度的增大和作用时间的延长,肿瘤细胞中的荧光强度不断增强,说明肿瘤细胞对药物的摄取量明显增加;但在正常细胞中,细胞的药物量变化不明显,说明药物对正常细胞具有一定的选择性。     

3-取代-B-降胆甾醇-6-(N-甲基)缩氨硫腙衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性评估

从胆甾醇出发,经过4步反应,合成了系列不同的3-取代-B-降胆甾醇-6-(4′-甲基)缩氨硫腙衍生物,采用IR、NMR及HRMS对合成物进行了结构表征。同时,分别采用人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)、人卵巢癌细胞(SKOV3)、人乳腺导管癌细胞(T47D)及人正常肾上皮细胞(HEK293T),研究了目标产物对这些细胞的抑制生长增殖活性。结果表明,除了乙酯基取代化合物外,当底物中3-羟基改变成为其它酯取代基或含氮的肟基及肟醚官能团后,原底物的细胞毒性显著降低。然而,3-乙酯基的存在对底物的抑制肿瘤细胞生长增殖活性没有明显影响,却大大降低化合物对人正常肾上皮细胞(HEK293T)的抑制生长增殖活性。     

新型3-取代苯甲酰基-4-取代噻吩基吡咯类化合物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

以取代苯乙酮和取代噻吩-2-甲醛为原料,经过Aldol缩合和Van Leusen吡咯合成法合成了29个未见文献报道的3-取代苯甲酰基-4-取代噻吩基吡咯类化合物2a~5c.以噻唑蓝(MTT)法测定目标化合物对人结肠癌细胞(HCT-116)、人胃腺癌细胞(SGC-7901)、人宫颈癌细胞(Hela)和H人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(UVEC)的细胞增殖抑制活性,结果显示化合物2c,2i,3i,3j,4a~4f和5c对HCT-116细胞有较强(IC_(50)≤20μmol·L~(-1))或中等(20μmol·L~(-1)IC_(50)≤50μmol·L~(-1))增殖抑制作用;化合物2j对Hela细胞有较强增值抑制作用,其IC_(50)值为4.3μmol·L~(-1),化合物2i,3j对Hela细胞有中等增殖抑制作用;化合物3j对SGC-7901细胞有较强增殖抑制作用,化合物2i对SGC-7901细胞有中等增殖抑制作用.几乎所有化合物对HUVEC细胞无显著增殖抑制作用,具有高选择性.     

2-芳基-4-三氟甲基喹唑啉衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

为寻找高效低毒的含三氟甲基取代的喹唑啉类新型抗肿瘤活性化合物,以2-硝基-5-氯苯甲酸为原料,通过水解、还原、偶联、环合、三氟甲基加成消除等反应,合成了14个2-芳基-4-三氟甲基喹唑啉衍生物,并通过¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、¹⁹F NMR等进行了结构确证。采用MTT法评价了目标化合物对PC3(前列腺癌细胞)、LNCaP(前列腺癌细胞)、K562(人慢性髓系白血病细胞)、HeLa(宫颈癌细胞)和A549(人肺癌细胞)等肿瘤细胞株的生长抑制活性。结果显示,在5μmol/L浓度下,部分目标化合物对上述5种肿瘤细胞均具有较好的生长抑制活性,其中,化合物8c、13e对LNCaP细胞的IC₅₀(半数抑制浓度)分别为2.9和1.9μmol/L,值得进一步深入研究。     

N9位芳基取代嘌呤-8-酮类衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

合成了一系列N9位芳基取代嘌呤-8-酮类衍生物, 利用核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)、 核磁共振碳谱(¹³C NMR)和高分辨质谱(HRMS)进行了结构确证. 采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法测定了目标化合物的体外抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性. 结果表明, 嘌呤酮环的C2位及N9位的取代对活性有较大影响, C2位引入对位由含氮六元环取代的苯胺, N9位引入对三氟甲基苯均有利于提高抗肿瘤活性. 化合物12c对人白血病细胞(K562)、 人前列腺癌细胞(PC-3)、 人乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)及人结肠癌细胞(HCT116)的抑制效果明显优于阳性对照药R-Roscovitine.     

2-(1H-吲哚-3-基)-5-砜基噁二唑衍生物的合成及其生物活性研究

以吲哚-3-甲酸甲酯为原料,通过肼解、环合生成5-(1H-吲哚3-基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫醇,再对其进行亲核取代和氧化反应得到目标化合物,并通过¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和HRMS确认其结构。采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法测试了目标化合物对几种癌细胞的体外抑制活性,同时采用比浊法对几种植物病原菌进行了体外抑菌活性测试。结果表明,化合物对于A549(人肺癌细胞)、PC-3(人前列腺癌细胞)、K562(人慢性髓原白血病细胞)和HepG2(人肝癌细胞)四种癌细胞有一定的抑制活性;对水稻白叶枯病菌(Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae,Xoo)、柑橘溃疡病菌(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri,Xac)以及猕猴桃溃疡病菌(Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae,Psa)三种植物病菌同样具有一定的抑菌活性。其中,化合物4f对Xoo的体外抑制率可达87.09%(100μg/mL)和54.02%(50μg/mL)。本文结果可为具有砜结构的吲哚衍生物的合成及应用研究提供参考。     

N,N′-二-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-3,6-二甲基-1,4-二氢-1,2,4,5-四嗪-1,4-二甲酰胺的合成

1,2,4,5-四嗪衍生物具有抗肿瘤,杀菌,杀虫等活性,我们曾合成了具有抗肿瘤活性的N,N′-二苯基-3,6-二甲基-1,4-二氢-1,2,4,5-四嗪-1,4-二甲酰胺(3a)[1,2,3],合成路线见图1.研究它们的抗肿瘤活性时发现该化合物的苯环间位若以N,N-二甲基取代,对小鼠白血病细胞(P-388)和人肺腺癌细胞(A-549)有很强的抗肿瘤活性.     

新型异长叶烷基二氢嘧啶硫酮类衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究（英文）

以异长叶烷酮为起始物,经羟醛缩合、环化等手段,合成了12种异长叶烷基二氢嘧啶硫酮类衍生物,通过~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR及高分辨质谱(HRMS)对其结构进行了表征,通过X射线衍射分析测定了化合物3e的晶体结构.探索了这些衍生物对人乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)、人宫颈癌细胞(HeLa)、人肝癌细胞(Hep G-2)等三种癌细胞和一种正常细胞即小鼠巨噬细胞(RAW-264.7)的体外抗增殖活性.结果表明,这12种化合物显示出较好的抗肿瘤活性,其IC_(50)值在3.12～44.28μmol/L范围内.其中,化合物3j对MDA-MB-231细胞表现出最强的抗肿瘤活性(IC_(50)=3.12μmol/L),化合物3g对He La细胞表现出最强的抗肿瘤活性(IC_(50)=4.04μmol/L),化合物3k对Hep G-2细胞表现出最强的抗肿瘤活性(IC_(50)=5.43μmol/L).此外,化合物3j将MDA-MB-231细胞阻滞在G0/G1期,并以剂量依赖的方式诱导MDA-MB-231细胞的早期凋亡.     

左氧氟沙星3-芳苄叉基-喹啉-4-酮衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

为进一步发现提高氟喹诺酮抗肿瘤活性的有效结构修饰策略,基于片段药物设计原理,通过喹啉-4(1H)-酮与芳香醛缩合反应合成了(S)-6-氟-7-(4-甲基-哌嗪-基)-8,1-(1,3-氧丙基)-3-芳苄叉基-2,3-二氢-喹啉-4(1H)-酮(3a-3l)目标化合物。 体外抗肿瘤活性结果表明,所合成的12个新化合物的活性均强于母体左氧氟沙星,其中F、Cl、Br取代的卤苯基化合物对人肝癌细胞株(SMMC-7721)和人胰腺癌细胞株(Capan-1)的半数抑制浓度(IC₅₀)低于其它取代基化合物,尤其是氯苯基化合物(3k)与对照抗肿瘤药阿霉素活性相当。 为此,芳苄叉基替代C-3羧基构建的3-芳苄叉基-喹啉-4-酮化合物有助于提高氟喹诺酮的抗肿瘤活性,提示α,β-不饱和酮片段作为一个有发展前景的氟喹诺酮的候选修饰基团值得进一步发展。     

(20R)-孕甾-5-烯-20-(2-甲氧基苯甲酸酯)类化合物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

从孕烯醇酮出发,通过酯化反应在3-位羟基上引入不同结构酯链,再对20-位羰基进行结构修饰,合成了10个(20R)-孕甾-5-烯-20-(2-甲氧基苯甲酸酯)类化合物,并通过IR、NMR及HR-MS等进行结构表征。通过噻吩蓝比色(MTT)法体外测试了这些化合物及相应的中间体对人宫颈癌细胞(He La)、人肺癌细胞(A549)、人甲状腺癌细胞(TPC-1)、人鼻炎癌细胞(CNE-2)以及人正常肾上皮细胞(HEK-293T)的增殖生长抑制活性,结果显示,中间体2d和3d对A549的抑制效果显著,IC_(50)达到了7. 9和10. 3μmol/L,其对HEK-293T细胞无毒性。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.