有机聚合物整体柱的改性与应用进展

有机聚合物整体柱具有制备简单、易于改性和通透性好的优点,不仅可作为微柱色谱分离分析的固定相,而且可用作样品纯化富集的载体,广泛应用于基体复杂的生化样品分析领域.该文综述了近年来有机聚合物整体柱的研究进展,重点介绍了其制备方法、改性技术及在生化样品预处理领域的研究动态.针对其制备方法,从制备过程、制备原料(单体、交联剂、...     

有机聚合物整体柱及其在生物大分子色谱分离中的应用

整体柱是近年发展起来的一种新型的色谱分离分析技术，与传统的色谱柱相比，具有制作简单、背压低、分辨率高、柱容量大等优点。本文介绍了有机聚合物整体柱及其在生物大分子色谱分离领域的应用，分析了其存在的问题，并展望了其应用前景。     

色谱最新研究亮点——新型功能化色谱分离介质的研究进展

整体柱由于具有制备方法简单、通透性好、柱容量大、易实现快速分离的优点,近年来在生物大分子的高效、快速、高通量分离分析方面得到了较快的发展。但是由于有机聚合物整体柱的表面积小（只有几十平米/g）,内部结构不均一,因此还存在分离小分子物质柱效低的缺点。最近,人们在努力寻求一种较为完美的低压高效的功能化色谱分离介质的制备方法,以期能够在大分子和小分子等多种物质的分离分析中得到普遍应用。     

有机聚合物整体柱及其在生物样品分离分析前处理中的应用

整体柱由于具有制备简单、内部结构均匀、重现性好、柱效较高和可进行快速分离等优点,在分离、催化等众多领域具有良好的应用前景。 本文综述了近年来有机聚合物整体柱在生物样品分离分析中的应用,并对其存在的问题和发展趋势进行了讨论。     

新型整体材料的制备及其在蛋白质组学中的应用

蛋白质组学是后基因时代生命科学研究的核心内容之一,其中发展高分辨、高灵敏度、高准确性和高通量的分析技术至关重要。整体材料具有制备简单、传质速度快、色谱柱反压低、表面易修饰等优点,因此已被广泛用于蛋白质组学研究中。本文对各种整体材料(包括有机聚合物整体材料、硅胶整体材料、有机-无机杂化整体材料)的制备方法及其在蛋白质组学研究(如蛋白质的酶解、蛋白质和肽段的分离以及在线酶解-分离-鉴定的高通量分析)中的应用进行了系统综述。     

“色谱分离新材料专辑”引言北大核心CSCD

随着人类科学技术的不断进步,人们面临的分析样品日益复杂,色谱作为复杂样品的重要分离分析技术之一,在化学化工、生命分析、环境监测、材料科学、生物医药、食品安全等诸多领域扮演着越来越重要的角色。色谱分离的核心是色谱柱,色谱柱的灵魂是色谱分离材料。色谱分离的选择性和效率极大程度上取决于所采用的色谱分离材料。因此,色谱分离材料一直是色谱研究领域的前沿和热点之一。     

整体柱富集技术在微流控芯片系统中的应用

样品预处理技术是微流控芯片技术发展的瓶颈之一。整体材料是近几年在色谱领域发展起来的一种新型色谱填料,具有结构均匀、传质速度快、通透性好、制备过程简单等优点,被广泛用于微流控芯片系统中。该文综述了整体柱富集技术在微流控芯片系统中的应用进展,引用文献80篇。     

复杂样品痕量极性小分子化合物的样品前处理及分析方法研究进展

核苷、胺、氨基酸等极性小分子化合物是生物、食品、环境等领域重要的研究对象,但各种复杂基体中痕量极性小分子的分离分析需要高效的前处理介质和技术以及快速灵敏的分析方法。本文综述了硅胶材料、有机聚合物、炭材料和硼酸材料等样品前处理分离介质及反相液相色谱、亲水作用色谱等分析方法在复杂样品痕量极性小分子化合物分析中的应用,并展望了其发展趋势。     

引言

色谱柱是色谱分离分析的“心脏”,而色谱柱的分离性能主要由色谱固定相的性质所决定;因此,液相色谱技术的发展与色谱固定相的创新密切相关,如近年来细粒度(＜3 [WTBZ]μ[WTB4]m)固定相的研制成功为高压液相色谱(UHPLC)技术的发展奠定了基础。色谱固定相一直以来也是色谱研究领域的前沿和热点。近年来,整体柱材料、超细色谱固定相和基于介孔纳米材料的固定相等制备技术得到了快速发展,其在复杂样品的高效分离分析和样品预处理中的应用也获得了广泛的关注,并取得了重要进展。     

基于共价有机框架的色谱固定相制备及其应用研究进展北大核心CSCD

工业领域与科学研究的不断发展,使得复杂体系的高灵敏、高通量和高选择性分离分析面临新的挑战。色谱法在分离科学中发挥着不可替代的作用,已被广泛应用于环境监测、药物分析和食品安全等领域。由于载样量高、定量分析精确和重现性好等突出优势,基于多种保留机制的色谱分离技术已被应用于不同分析物的检测。固定相作为色谱柱的核心,对色谱的分离性能有着极其重要的影响。分离的选择性和效率极大程度上取决于所采用的固定相。然而,传统固定相如硅胶基质制备工艺复杂、pH适用范围窄,聚合物基质机械稳定性较差且易溶胀等缺点限制了其在分离领域的进一步应用。因此,开发高效的新型色谱固定相以满足不同情况下的分离要求是提高色谱分离效率的关键。共价有机框架(COFs)是一类由共价键连接而成的多孔晶体聚合物,具有低密度、高孔隙率、大比表面积和性质稳定等优点。这些突出优势使得COFs材料在分离分析领域具有潜在应用价值,且被认为是新型色谱固定相的理想材料。本文综述了最近5年基于COFs的色谱固定相的制备及其应用的最新研究进展,简要介绍了基于COFs的色谱固定相的制备,详细总结了基于COFs的固定相在色谱分离领域方面的最新应用,展望了基于COFs的色谱固定相的未来发展前景与趋势。     

Recent progress in polar stationary phases for CEC

This review summarizes most of the recent developments in the preparation and application of polar stationary phases for CEC covering the literature published since the year 2004. These polar stationary phases have been adopted for separation of analytes by the modes of packing column CEC, open-tubular CEC (o-CEC) and monolithic column CEC. Currently, development of o-CEC using biomolecules, such as protein and DNA, as the immobilized ligands is highlighted partly due to the simplicity of preparation. Furthermore, monolithic columns have been extended quickly, particularly inorganic materials-based monoliths, such as silica, zirconia, hafnium, etc., as an alternative to packed columns have been developed quickly.     

整体柱制备技术的新进展及其在蛋白质组学中的应用

整体柱是通过在柱管内原位聚合或固化的方法制备得到的具有多孔结构的整体棒状固定相,与传统的填充柱相比,具有通透性好、传质速率快、容易制备等优点,因此在分离分析领域特别是生物分离分析中发挥的作用日益增大。整体柱的制备及应用近年来也得到了快速发展,层出不穷的新型整体柱已被广泛用于色谱高效分离分析、固相萃取及酶反应器等方面,大大推动了分离分析科学的发展。本文主要总结了近五年来整体柱的制备技术及其在蛋白质组学应用中的一些最新研究进展。     

毛细管电色谱整体柱制备新进展

毛细管电色谱整体柱以其制备相对简单,渗透性好,柱效高等优点,成为电色谱领域中的一个研究热点.主要包括有机聚合物型和硅基整体柱两种类型.其制备方法还不十分成熟,有待完善.     

Preparation and application of organic-silica hybrid monolithic capillary columns

Organic-silica hybrid monolithic columns have drawn more and more attention due to the ease of preparation and good mechanical stability in recent years. Many synthetic approaches have been developed and a variety of hybrid monolithic capillary columns have been prepared. The sol-gel process is well recognized in the fabrication of hybrid monolithic columns, which can be mainly classified as one-step, acid/base two-step procedures. The new approaches such as the "one-pot" and nano-scaled inorganic-organic hybrid reagent of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane used as a cross-linker have also emerged for the preparation of hybrid monolithic columns. The applications of the organic-silica hybrid monolithic capillary columns for capillary electrochromatography, micro high-performance liquid chromatography, solid-phase micro-extraction and enzymatic reactor etc. are included in this review.     

Monolithic bed structure for capillary liquid chromatography

Monolithic stationary phases show promise for LC as a result of their good permeability, ease of preparation and broad selectivity. Inorganic silica monoliths have been extensively studied and applied for separation of small molecules. The presence of a large number of through pores and small skeletal structure allows the chromatographic efficiencies of silica monoliths to be comparable to columns packed with 5 μm silica particles, at much lower back pressure. In comparison, organic polymeric monoliths have been mostly used for separation of bio-molecules; however, recently, applications are expanding to small molecules as well. Organic monoliths with high surface areas and fused morphology rather than conventional globular morphology have shown good performance for small molecule separations. Factors such as domain size, through-pore size and mesopore size of the monolithic structures have been found to govern the efficiency of monolithic columns. The structure and performance of monolithic columns are reviewed in comparison to particle packed columns. Studying and characterizing the bed structures of organic monolithic columns can provide great insights into their performance, and aid in structure-directed synthesis of new and improved monoliths.     

高效液相色谱整体柱技术研究进展

高效液相色谱整体柱作为一种新型的分离介质,由于其制备工艺简单、易于修饰改性和分离性能优异,近年来引起了人们的广泛关注。聚合物整体柱具有生物相容性好、柱效高、寿命长、选材范围广、重现性好及使用不受p H限制等优势,广泛应用于食品、化工、农业、环境及生物医学领域小分子化合物及蛋白质的分离和检测,显示出较好的应用前景。本文就近10年液相色谱整体柱的制备、改性方法及应用的研究成果进行综述,并对其在不同应用领域的发展前景作了展望。     

Monolithic column in gas chromatography

Monolithic columns invented in chromatographic praxis almost 40 years ago gained nowadays a lot of popularity in separations by liquid chromatographic technique. At the same time, application of monolithic columns in gas chromatography is less common and only a single review published by Svec et al. [1] covers this field of research. Since that time a lot of new findings on application and properties of monolithic columns in gas chromatography have been published in the literature deserving consideration and discussion. This review considers preparation of monolithic columns for GC, an impact of preparation conditions on column performance, optimization of separation conditions for GC analysis on monolithic columns and other important aspects of preparation and usage of monolithic capillary columns in GC. A final part of the review discusses the modern trends and possible applications in the future of capillary monolithic columns in GC.     

Electrochromatography with a 2.7 mm inner diameter monolithic column

Monolithic columns of 2.7 mm I.D. have been prepared and used in electrochromatography (EC) separation. Although capillary electrochromatography (CEC) has higher separation efficiency, it displays some shortcomings, such as limited sample loadability and restricted concentration detectability etc. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of EC separation with millimeter diameter monolithic columns. By using a designed preparation method of monolithic column packed with about 150 microm quartz sand, the effect of Joule heating can be reduced, and the processes of frit making and column packing can be avoided. The concentration detectability of the EC is improved comparing with that of CEC. Moreover, the separation efficiency of 52,000 plates/m was achieved with a 70 mm length and 2.7 mm I.D. monolithic column.     

Applications of silica-based monolithic HPLC columns

The recent invention and successive commercial introduction of monolithic silica columns has motivated many scientists from both academia and industry to study their use in HPLC. The first paper on monolithic silica columns appeared in 1996. Currently about 200 papers have been published relating to applications and characterization of monolithic silica columns, including monolithic capillaries. This review attempts to give an overview covering various aspects of this new column type in the field of high throughput analysis of drugs and metabolites, chiral separations, analysis of pollutants and food-relevant compounds, as well as in bioanalytical separations such as in proteomics. Some of the applications are described in greater detail. The numerous publications dealing with the physicochemical and chromatographic characterization of monolithic silica columns are briefly summarized.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备毛细管硅胶整体柱的研究进展

毛细管硅胶整体柱作为一种新型的分离介质,在色谱领域显示出了强大的生命力。本评述介绍了溶胶-凝胶法制备毛细管硅胶整体柱的方法,重点分析了溶胶-凝胶法制备毛细管硅胶整体柱的影响因素,总结了近几年毛细管硅胶整体柱在高效液相色谱和电色谱中的应用。