急性肺栓塞患者血浆脑钠肽与右心功能的关系及其预后评估价值

目的研究血浆脑钠肽（BNP）与急性肺栓塞（APE）患者右心室功能不全（RVD）的关系及其预后评估价值。方法采用酶联免疫法测定44例APE患者血浆BNP水平，同时根据超声心动图检查分为RVD组和无RVD组。观察两组间血浆BNP水平差异及血浆BNP水平与不良事件发生率的关系。结果 APE患者RVD组BNP水平[（2352.5±1987.8）pg/ml]高于无RVD组[（349.9±299.4）pg/ml]（P＜0.01）；低BNP者不良事件发生率（10.0％）低于高BNP者（69.2％），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；低BNP者1年生存率高于高BNP者（χ2=6.554,P＜0.05）。结论 BNP可作为反应APE患者RVD的有效手段，对预测患者不良事件及预后有重要作用。     

慢性心力衰竭患者血清CA125水平及其与BNP的相关性研究

目的评估慢性心力衰竭患者血清CA125水平,研究血清CA125与B型脑钠肽(BNP)之间的相关性.方法选择住院患者64例,男29例,女35例,年龄55~83(68±15)岁.据纽约心功能(NYHA)分级分为NYHAI~II、NYHAIII与NYHAIV级3组,血清CA125及BNP均在入院24h测定.结果血清CA125水平NYHAI/II级组为(21.6±6.2)U/ml,NYHAIII级组为(35.0±6.7)U/ml,NYHAIV级组为(59.0±24.0)U/ml.NYHAIV级和NYHAIII级组CA125均高于NYHAI~II级组(t=7.3、6.8,均P<0.01).相关分析显示血清CA125与BNP呈正相关(r=0.77,P<0.01).结论血清CA125反映慢性心力衰竭的严重程度,CA125与BNP相关,两者结合可作为心力衰竭的重要诊断依据.     

大鼠缺血再灌注损伤对心肌超微结构的影响及LXA4的保护作用

目的探讨脂氧素A4(LXA4)对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤(MIRI)超微结构的保护作用.方法72只SD雄性大鼠随机分成假手术一组(C1组)、假手术二组(C2组)、MIRI一组(I/R1组)、MIRI二组(I/R2组)、MIRI前用药组(LX1组)、MIRI后用药组(LX2组),每组12只.建立大鼠MIRI模型,各组于开胸前取血(T1)、实验结束后取血(T2)测IL-1β、IL-8、cTnI血清浓度;同时测定SOD活性、MDA含量;TUNEL法检测心肌细胞凋亡率;电镜下观察心肌超微结构的变化.结果 I/R1、LX1与C1组相比,I/R2、LX2与C2组相比,血清IL-1β、IL-8、cTnI浓度(均为T2),SOD、MDA以及凋亡率增高(P<0.05).LX1与I/R1组,LX2与I/R2组相比,血清IL-1β、IL-8、cTnI浓度(均为T2),MDA含量及凋亡率均降低(均P<0.05);SOD活性提高(P<0.05);同时心肌超微结构损伤明显改善,线粒体排列整齐,电子密度增高,肿胀及空泡明显减轻.结论 LXA4通过抑制组织促炎细胞因子、氧自由基损伤,降低细胞凋亡来减轻心肌超微结构的损伤,对大鼠MIRI起明显的保护作用.     

sST2在脓毒症中的变化及临床意义

目的通过检测脓毒症患儿血液可溶性ST2(sST2)的水平,探讨其在脓毒症中的临床意义.方法采用ELISA法分别检测不同程度脓毒症患儿血液中sST2的水平.同期将健康体检的儿童列为对照组,检测其sST2水平.结果 sST2浓度在脓毒症组为(3.64±0.55)pg/dl、脓毒症伴休克组为(4.38±0.84)pg/dl、脓毒症伴多脏器损害组(7.23±2.18)pg/dl,正常对照组为(1.92±0.67)pg/dl,脓毒症患儿血液中sST2水平与对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),不同程度脓毒症患儿的sST2水平差异也有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 sST2参与了全身炎症反应的过程,且与疾病的严重程度有关,检测血液中sST2水平可预测脓毒症的严重程度,反映病情变化及预后.     

HBsAg 对脂多糖诱导树突状细胞分泌IL-6和IL-12的影响

目的 研究HBsAg 对脂多糖诱导树突状细胞（DCs）分泌IL-6 和IL-12 的影响。方法 采用重组人粒- 单核 集落刺激因子（rhGM-CSF）联合重组人白细胞介素4（rhIL-4）诱导单个核细胞得到未成熟树突状细胞（iDCs）,分别加入HBsAg1、2、5μg/ml,并设对照组,各组再加入脂多糖诱导为成熟DCs。采用流式细胞术鉴定各组iDCs 的表型（CD11c、HLA-DR）,ELISA 法检测脂多糖诱导后培养上清液中IL-6 和IL-12 的水平。结果 iDCs 的CD11c/ HLA-DR 双阳性率为（83.62±6.89）%,显著高于单纯培养组（20.57±11.19）%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。HBsAg 1、2、5μg/ml 组培养上清液中IL-6 分别为（609.36±127.06）、（566.01±173.46）、（295.03±76.08）pg/ml,低于对照组（1356.97±181.78）pg/ml（均P＜0.05）;HBsAg2、5滋g/ml 组IL-12 分别为（854.49±67.92）、（472.09±55.70）pg/ml,低于对照组（1248.78±112.09）pg/ml（均P＜0.05）;1滋g/ml 组IL-12（1103.53±134.15）pg/ml,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 低浓度HBsAg 可下调脂多糖诱导的DCs 细胞因子分泌。     

二甲胺四环素在蛛网膜下腔出血中保护作用的研究

Objective To investigate the effect of minocycline on early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) in rats. Methods SAH was induced by the filament perforation model in male Sprague Dawley rats. SD rats(n=77) were randomly assigned to sham (n=22), SAH+vehicle (n=28), and SAH+minocycline (n=27) groups. Minocycline (135mg/kg) or equal volume of vehicle was administered 1 h after SAH induction. Mortality, neurological scores, brain edema were evaluated 24 h after SAH. Cell apoptosis were examined by TUNEL staining, and the expression of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 was assayed by Western blot at the same time point. Results The mortality was 21.4% in SAH+vehicle group, 18.5% in the SAH+minocycline group, while no death was observed in sham-operated rats; there was no significant difference in mortality between SAH+vehicle and SAH+minocycline groups (P＞0.05), but the mortality in these two groups was much higher than that in shamgroup(P＜0.05). The water content of brain was significantly increased in the SAH+vehicle group (80.00±0.16)% compared with that in sham group [(79.13±0.08)%, P＜0.05]. Minocycline treatment markedly reduced brain water content (79.36±0.07)% compared with that in SAH+vehicle group (P＜0.05). Caspase-3 levels were markedly increased in SAH+vehicle group (1.53±0.24) compared with sham group (1.00±0.21). Minocycline treatment significantly reduced caspase-3 levels, compared to SAH+vehicle group (1.11±0.18, P＜0.05). A significant decrease in Bcl-2 expression was observed in SAH+vehicle group(0.65±0.03) compared with the sham group (1.00±0.12). The treatment of minocycline upregulated the expression of Bcl-2,compared to SAH+vehicle group (0.93±0.13, P＜0.05). TUNEL-positive cells were increased in the cortex of SAH+vehicle rats,compared to sham group [(31.50±3.70)%, P＜0.05]. Minocycline treatment significantly reduced the number of TUNEL positive cells, compared to SAH+vehicle group [(14.25±2.50)%, P＜0.05]. Conclusion Minocycline may reduce early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats by inhibiting cell apoptosis, which is associated with down-regulation of caspase-3 and up-regulation of Bcl-2.     

血浆β-内啡肽水平和阿片类药物治疗癌痛的临床观察

目的观察癌痛患者接受阿片类药物镇痛治疗前后体内β-内啡肽(BE)的血浆浓度变化,探讨镇痛治疗疗效与血浆BE浓度的关系.方法选取应用阿片类缓释制剂治疗的癌痛患者42例,在治疗前接受数字分级疼痛评分(NRS),并利用放免法检测治疗前BE血浆浓度.1周后疼痛控制后复查NRS和BE血浆浓度.结果患者治疗前后BE血浆浓度有统计学差异[(17.92±3.43)pg/ml vs(27.73±5.10)pg/ml,P<0.05],治疗前后NRS评分也有统计学差异[(6.93±1.73)分vs(2.24±0.88)分,P<0.05].相关性分析提示治疗前后患者的NRS评分和BE浓度均呈负相关(均P<0.05).结论癌痛患者使用阿片类药物镇痛的疗效和体内BE浓度有关,定期监测患者血浆BE浓度有助于评估镇痛治疗疗效.     

呼吸困难患者NT-proBNP浓度监测的临床价值研究

目的探究肺源性与心源性呼吸困难患者血浆氨基末端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）浓度监测的临床价值,为呼吸困难患者的病因鉴别提供切实有效的依据。方法将2014年1月至2015年1月以呼吸困难为首要症状的194例患者分为两组,肺源性呼吸困难组（Ⅰ组,104例）及心源性呼吸困难组（Ⅱ组,90例）,100例同期常规体检者为对照组,以酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA法）分别测量3组受试者血浆中NT-proBNP的浓度,并进行比较分析。结果3组受试者比较,对照组血浆NT-proBNP浓度（356.0±66.8）pg/ml最低,Ⅰ组NT-proBNP浓度（453.0±89.5）pg/ml次之,Ⅱ组NT-proBNP浓度（3012.0±196.0）pg/ml最高,3组间比较具有统计学差异（P＜0.05）。Ⅱ组中年龄越大、心功能分级越高的患者血浆NT-proBNP浓度高于年龄较轻、心功能分级较低的患者（均P＜0.05）。结论对血浆中NT-proBNP浓度的监测有助于急诊医师快速、准确地鉴别呼吸困难患者的病因;NT-proBNP浓度在评价患者的心功能方面具有较高的临床推广价值。     

静息血压控制正常的运动高血压患者临床特征分析及动脉弹性的比较

目的分析静息血压控制正常的运动高血压患者临床特征及动脉弹性.方法原发性高血压患者101例,根据运动血压结果分为运动高血压组(运动收缩压峰值≥200mmHg,48例)和运动血压正常组(运动收缩压峰值<200 mmHg,53例),用心-踝血管指数(CAVI)作为反映大动脉硬度的指标.结果与运动中血压反应正常组相比,出现运动高血压患者中,老年人、吸烟、肥胖、高HbA1C、高LDL-C、合并脑卒中的比例显著增多,服用他汀类药物比例减少(P<0.05).运动高血压组亚极量运动收缩压、收缩压增量、血压升高速率较运动血压正常组明显偏高,分别为(213.73±5.8)、(177.9±8.4)mmHg,(71.5±6.6)、(44.7±7.6)mmHg,(8.6±1.9)、(4.9±1.0)mmHg/min(均P<0.05);运动高血压组患者CAVI显著大于运动血压正常组,分别为(10.61±0.78)、(9.03±0.91)m/s (P<0.05).亚极量运动收缩压与CAVI、BMI、HbA1c、是否服用他汀类药物相关(P<0.05或0.01).结论即使静息血压控制正常,出现运动高血压的患者中,心血管危险因素比例显著增多,动脉僵硬度增高.运动血压与动脉弹性、BMI、是否服用他汀类药物、HbA1C密切相关.     

快速康复外科在肝癌肝切除术中的应用及对细胞免疫功能的影响

目的探讨快速康复外科（FTS）在肝癌肝切除患者围术期的临床应用效果及对细胞免疫功能的影响。方法选取择期行肝癌肝切除术患者48例,按随机数字表法分为FTS组与常规组,各24例,比较两组患者术后肝功能、细胞免疫功能及临床疗效指标。结果两组患者临床基线资料比较差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。术后第３天,FTS组TBil为（113.96±61.39）μmol/L,ALT为（146.17±72.51）U/L,AST为（155.04±54.04）U/L;常规组TBil为（165.25±64.38）μmol/L,ALT为（213.46±107.48）U/L,AST为（225.92±81.51）U/L,两组比较差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;FTS组CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+指标均明显优于常规组（均P＜0.05）。FTS组患者术后首次肛门排气时间、首次进半流质时间、首次排便时间均较常规组提前（均P＜0.05）,术后住院时间亦缩短（P＜0.05）。结论FTS理念用于肝癌肝切除术患者围术期处理可降低患者术后应激反应、提高术后细胞免疫功能,改善患者术后肝功能恢复效果、缩短术后肛门排气时间和住院时间,安全性好,加快患者康复,值得临床应用。     

Qualitative Analysis of Bifurcating Solutions in the Lengyel-Epstein Model

One of the most fundamental problems in theoretical biology is to explain the mechanisms by which patterns and forms are created in the＇living world. In his seminal paper ＂The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis＂, Turing showed that a system of coupled reaction-diffusion equations can be used to describe patterns and forms in biological systems. However, the first experimental evidence to the Turing patterns was observed by De Kepper and her associates（1990） on the CIMA reaction in an open unstirred reactor, almost 40 years after Turing＇s prediction. Lengyel and Epstein characterized this famous experiment using a system of reaction-diffusion equations. The Lengyel-Epstein model is in the form as follows     

RECENT PROGRESS ON SPHERICAL HARMONIC APPROXIMATION MADE BY BNU RESEARCH GROUP ——In memory of Professor Sun Yongsheng

As early as in 1990, Professor Sun Yongsheng, suggested his students at Beijing Normal University to consider research problems on the unit sphere. Under his guidance and encouragement his students started the research on spherical harmonic analysis and approximation. In this paper, we incompletely introduce the main achievements in this area obtained by our group and relative researchers during recent 5 years （2001-2005）. The main topics are： convergence of Cesaro summability, a.e. and strong summability of Fourier-Laplace series; smoothness and K-functionals; Kolmogorov and linear widths.     

(0,1 ;0)-INTERPOLATION ON INFINITE INTERVAL (-∞, +∞)

In this paper, we study the explicit representation and convergence of (0, 1; 0)-interpolation on infinite interval, which means to determine a polynomial of degree ≤ 3n - 2 when the function values are prescribed at two set of points namely the zeros of Hn(x) and H′n(x) and the first derivatives at the zeros of H′n(x).     

On a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments in higher order Wiener chaoses

We study a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments belonging to higher order Wiener chaoses which are similar to Hermite processes. We obtain an almost sure wavelet-like expansion of these processes. This allows us to compute the pointwise and local Hölder regularity of sample paths and to analyse their behaviour at infinity. We also provide some results on the Hausdorff dimension of the range and graphs of multidimensional anisotropic self-similar processes with stationary increments defined by multiple Wiener–Itô integrals.     

A REPRESENTATION FORMULA RELATED TO SCHR(O)DINGER OPERATORS

Schr(o)dinger operator is a central subject in the mathematical study of quantum mechanics.Consider the Schrodinger operator H = -△ V on R, where △ = d2/dx2 and the potential function V is real valued. In Fourier analysis, it is well-known that a square integrable function admits an expansion with exponentials as eigenfunctions of -△. A natural conjecture is that an L2 function admits a similar expansion in terms of "eigenfunctions" of H, a perturbation of the Laplacian (see [7], Ch. Ⅺ and the notes), under certain condition on V.     

Boundedness for commutators of multipliers on Hardy type spaces

In this paper, we study the commutators generalized by multipliers and a BMO function. Under some assumptions, we establish its boundedness properties from certain atomic Hardy space Hb^p（R^n） into the Lebesgue space L^p with p 〈 1.     

A unified approach to certain problems of best local approximation

In this paper we study best local quasi-rational approximation and best local approximation from finite dimensional subspaces of vectorial functions of several variables. Our approach extends and unifies several problems concerning best local multi-point approximation in different norms.     

Journal of the Operations Research Society of China Special issue on Operations Research in Healthcare Management

正Guest Editors:Hong Chen,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,China Guohua Wan,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,China David Yao,Columbia University,New York,USA Scope:Healthcare delivery worldwide has been fraught with high cost,low efficiency and poor quality of patient care service.For the field of operations research(OR),healthcare offers some of the biggest challenges as well as best opportunities in     

ANALYSIS IN THEORY AND APPLICATIONS Vol. 30, 2014 CONTENTS

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