SOI材料非对称脊型波导结构PDL标准样品研究

通过制备非对称结构SOI脊型波导,设计并优化得到一个偏振相关损耗标准样品,通过与标准单模光纤耦合封装,实现了偏振相关损耗测试仪表的快速校准。该器件偏振相关损耗值为0.58dB,测量重复性相对标准差为0.02,测量不确定度为0.2dB。     

基于45°倾斜光纤光栅的线偏振输出掺镱光纤激光器

对工作于1 064nm波段的45°倾斜光纤光栅的偏振依赖损耗特性与工作机理进行了分析.利用紫外曝光法,将周期为1 070nm的常规相位模板旋转33°后,在光敏光纤上写制了45°倾斜光纤光栅,写制的光栅栅区长度为12mm,在1 040~1 085nm范围内偏振依赖损耗值为7dB左右.影响其偏振依赖损耗值的主要原因为相位模板的周期不是最佳值和栅区长度不够.利用写制的45°倾斜光纤光栅作为起偏器件,实现了线偏振输出的掺镱光纤激光器,其激光消光比高于30dB,输出波长为1 065.4nm,3dB线宽为0.08nm,最高输出功率8.7mW,可长时间保持高偏振度稳定工作.     

偏振无关多模干涉型1×3光功分器的设计

设计具有宽带性能的偏振无关1×3光功分器,采用离子辅助沉积方法调节三明治结构芯层SiN_x的折射率,使得正交偏振模的拍长相等而实现偏振无关;梯形多模干涉波导与锥形波导的组合可实现器件宽带宽、低损耗及良好的分光均匀性。运用有限时域差分法进行建模仿真及参数优化,结果表明:器件的多模干涉波导长度仅为13.2μm,附加损耗低于0.07 dB,不均匀度低于0.03 dB,0.5 dB带宽高达255 nm,可覆盖S、C、L、U以及部分E波段,在未来集成光学系统中具有较高的应用价值。     

棱镜分光式光学环行器及其应用

本文介绍梭镜分光式光学环行器设计理论与制备工艺以及在光纤通信和光纤传感系统中的应用。所研制的光学环行器光纤-光纤(单模)插入损耗小于2.8dB,隔离比大于25dB,回波损耗优于40dB.器件性能与偏振无关。     

基于偏振态调制器的三级米勒矩阵测量

对基于偏振态调制器的三级米勒矩阵测量方案进行了理论推导和证明,并对其进行了实验验证。通过建立三级系统方程,利用最小二乘的数值算法回归出多个待测器件的米勒矩阵。这种基于系统估值的方案不同于以往文献中提到的使用在线偏振测量仪测量输入/输出偏振态求解单个米勒矩阵的方法。三级串联光学子系统或光器件的米勒矩阵及其物理偏振参量可在一次测量中同时求得。实验测得的三个光学器件延迟量的标准差分别为0.0012、0.0018和0.0040。还针对测量系统的不确定性进行了仿真模拟,并着重讨论了串联系统中存在的误差累积效应,与实验数据进行了比较。     

光纤光栅偏振模色散的测量及补偿研究

介绍了光纤光栅的偏振模色散测量，并利用一段偏光纤对光纤光栅的偏振模色散进行补偿，效果良好。在40Gb/s、60km光纤光栅色散补偿系统中，加入保偏光纤对光纤光栅的偏振模色散进行补偿前后的测试结果表明，误码率为10^-10时，系统的功率代价由1.21dB改善为0.46dB。     

1.3μm波长光纤偏振参数自动测试仪

本文介绍一种用于1.3μm波长的光纤偏振参数自动测试仪。它利用光路集成封装和计算机自动控制及信号处理等关键技术,方便、可靠、自动地进行1.3μm光纤及其器件偏振参数的测试,对于消光比为40dB以下的偏振态测量,误差优于0.3dB.     

基于悬浮式双芯多孔光纤的太赫兹偏振分离器

提出了一种基于悬浮式双芯多孔光纤的低损耗、宽带太赫兹偏振分离器.通过纤芯的多孔结构实现器件的低损耗特性,利用两个纤芯微结构的正交关系实现宽带的单偏振模式匹配.结构参数设计采用折射率反转匹配耦合法;数值计算采用全矢量有限元法;光纤基底材料选择太赫兹波段低损耗环烯烃共聚物COC.首先对单芯高双折射悬浮式多孔光纤的色散、模式双折射、基模在空气中的能量分数、以及损耗等特性进行了分析,在此基础上,对悬浮式双芯多孔光纤偏振分离器的特性进行了详细研究.发现该偏振分离器的工作带宽超过1.5 THz(0.8 THz到2.3 THz).其偏振分离长度和吸收损耗随频率的增大而增大,在1 THz,分离长度仅为0.66 cm;x,y两偏振的消光比分别为-14.64 dB和-14.84 dB,两偏振模式的实际吸收损耗均小于0.12 dB.相对于其他双芯光纤偏振分离器设计,该结构具有宽带、低损耗、设计简单、拉制容易、以及抗环境干扰等优点.     

全光学偏振自动控制器

本文报道新近研制的一种单模光纤偏振控制顺，该器件采用全光学的方法对光纤输出光信号的任意偏振态进行自动调整，使其成为一沿给定方向偏振的线偏振态，器件插入损耗小于１ｄＢ，与半导体激光放大器耦合损耗可小于５．５ｄＢ，其偏振灵敏度不大于０．５ｄＢ．     

硅基脊型波导器件过渡区损耗及偏振效应

在绝缘层上的硅材料上制作了四种具有不同输入输出结构的星形耦合器并进行了测试,对脊形波导与平板波导相互过渡时过渡区的损耗问题进行了研究和讨论,计算得到在所使用的材料参量下利用锥形结构可以得到1dB左右的最小损耗,这一损耗是由于脊型波导与平板波导间的模式失配造成的。以文献中的实验数据为出发点,分析了脊形波导的偏振问题,并通过对脊型波导器件层厚度、脊高、脊宽进行优化设计,得到了不同偏振模式的有效折射率差仅为10^-5量级的单模脊型波导结构,这样的偏振效应在器件设计中可以忽略。     

基于光纤光栅的磁场测量新方法

提出了一种基于光纤光栅中法拉第效应和测量偏振相关损耗的直接测量磁场的新方法,给出了理论分析和实验结果.当有外加磁场时,光纤光栅中的法拉第效应使两个圆偏振光的传播常量改变,从而导致光纤光栅的偏振相关损耗的变化.仿真结果表明,外加磁场与偏振相关损耗峰值在一定的测量范围内存在线性关系,测量结果对温度变化不敏感.分析了光栅的参量对测量性能的影响.实验中得到该方案测量磁场的灵敏度为7.8e-6B/Gs,利用现有精度为10-6 dB的光矢量分析仪得到最小可测磁场为2 Gs.实验与理论吻合较好.     

双面曝光长周期光纤光栅偏振相关损耗

研究了采用高频CO2激光脉冲通过单面和双面曝光制作出的长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)的偏振相关损耗特性。单面曝光制作的长周期光纤光栅由于光纤横截面折射率改变不均匀,对入射光偏振态有较强的依赖性,主要表现为偏振相关损耗较大;为了降低偏振相关损耗,在制作长周期光纤光栅的过程中采用双面曝光的方法,以使其横截面折射率调制受高频CO2激光曝光改变均匀。实验数据显示,高频CO2激光脉冲制作的普通单面曝光长周期光纤光栅最大偏振相关损耗高达1.24 dB,而采用双面曝光的相同谐振峰值长周期光纤光栅的偏振相关损耗则可降至0.42 dB。因此,双面曝光制作的长周期光纤光栅能较好地克服入射光偏振态的不良影响,从而满足对偏振敏感的光纤通信和传感系统的应用要求。     

Multi-Edge-Written Long-Period Fibre Gratings with Low PDL by Using High-Frequency CO2 Laser Pulses

A novel long-period fibre grating （LPFG） with low polarization-dependent loss （PDL） is fabricated by using a multi-edge exposure method with high frequency CO2 laser pulses. The experimental results show that the PDL of a triple-edge-written LPFG with a peak amplitude of-16.5 dB can be as low as 0.22 dB. These hovel LPFGs can find important applications in optical communication and sensing.     

保偏光纤偏振特性自动测试系统的研制与开发

介绍了保偏光纤偏振特性的基本测试原理,给出了高精度检偏系统的光路结构,硬件检测电路和分析软件的结构框图,并对实验结果进行了精度分析。实验表明:光功率测试范围可达0 2nW—2mW,测得2m长保偏光纤最大消光比47 2dB,对于40dB以下的偏振态测量,误差优于±0 1dB。     

Effect of Polarization Dependent Loss on Polarization-Multiplexed Transmission System

We report on the effects of the polarization-dependent loss (PDL) on the polarization-multiplexed system. The result shows that the PDL of 0.9 dB could cause 1-dB power penalty. Unlike PMD, the effect of PDL was not dependent on the transmission speed.     

Mueller Matrix Analysis of PDL Components

A detailed Mueller-Stokes analysis of an arbitrary elliptical dichroic polarizer is presented. Explicit expressions for the Jones matrix, the Stokes parameters, and the Mueller matrix for a distributed and localized dichroic polarizer acting as a polarization-dependent loss (PDL) element are derived. Application to wavelength-dependent PDL elements is discussed. The Poincare sphere representation and the application of the Mueller matrices for the study of randomly oriented concatenated PDL elements and PDL vector measurement are addressed.     

Wavelength-selective switch based on a high fill-factor micromirror array

A novel design and fabrication approach for a high fill-factor micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS) micromirror array-based wavelength-selective switch(WSS) is presented. The WSS is composed of a polarization-independent transmission grating and a high fill-factor micromirror array. The WSS is suc-cessfully demonstrated based on the fabricated high fill-factor micromirror array. Test results show that the polarization-dependent loss(PDL) is less than 0.3 dB and that the insertion loss(IL) of the wavelength channel is about -6 dB. The switching function between the two output ports of WSS is measured. The forward switching time is recorded to be about 0.5 ms,whereas the backward switching time is about 7 ms.     

3-D Electromagnetic Modeling of Polarization-Dependent Coupling Characteristics of 1×3 Linear Array Weakly Fused Fiber Couplers

Based on the full-wave surface integral equations method and the steplike approximation technique, a three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic model for simulating polarization-dependent power-coupling behavior of 1×3 linear array weakly fused fiber couplers is proposed. The accuracy of the proposed numerical model is confirmed to be good by comparing with the measured power transfer behavior at the fusing and elongating process of the couplers. In the 3-D modeling view, the polarization-dependent coupling behavior of two practical couplers, 1/3 power splitter and wavelength-flattened coupler, are numerically studied. It is seen that as the coupler is designed in a very weakly fused condition the polarization-dependent loss (PDL) is significantly increased. For designing the 1×3 coupler with low PDL, it is suggested that the aspect ratio has to be controlled in stronger fused range between 0.8 and 0.9.     

Fault-tolerant polarization-insensitive photonic delay line architectures using two-dimensional digital micromirror devices

A binary multichannel photonic delay line (PDL) module is introduced that gives balanced loss switched states and a polarization-insensitive operation via the use of binary operation Digital Micromirror Devices (DMDs). Experimental demonstration of a DMD-based PDL architecture is performed for a 6.84-ns time delay design. Experimental results include a 25-beam feed interchannel crosstalk test indicating a <−60 dB optical interchannel crosstalk level for a 0.381 mm interchannel distance in the multichannel PDL. An average optical signal-to-leakage noise ratio of 35.33 dB is measured for this PDL. A butterfly design PDL optical architecture is proposed for minimizing loss and improving assembly accuracy. These DMD-based variable PDLs can be used in applications ranging from radio frequency (RF) fiber-optic signal processing systems to adaptive optics for astronomical and laser radar arrays.