全氟丁炔-2的合成

据报导,全氟丁炔-2(5)在钴~(60)辐照下,或在电离辐照下得到耐强酸浓碱的白色固体,压成透明的薄膜后能用于高压设备的视窗,5还能在二苯基铬的催化下聚合成一种在850℃也不熔化的固体粉末,于任何溶剂中都不溶解。1961～1964年我们研究了它的制备。我们采用了下列合成路线:     

带功能基的全氟(烷基乙烯基)醚的研究 I: 7,7-二氯-3-氧杂全氟-1-庚烯和10,10-二氯-3,6-二氧杂全氟-5-甲基-1-癸烯的合成

本文报导两个新的全氟(烷基乙烯基)醚: 7,7-二氯-3-氧杂全氟-1-庚烯及10,10-二氯-3,6-二氧杂全氟-5-甲基-1-癸烯的合成。     

带功能基的全氟(烷基乙烯基)醚的研究 I: 7,7-二氯-3-氧杂全氟-1-庚烯和10,10-二氯-3,6-二氧杂全氟-5-甲基-1-癸烯的合成

本文报导两个新的全氟(烷基乙烯基)醚: 7,7-二氯-3-氧杂全氟-1-庚烯及10,10-二氯-3,6-二氧杂全氟-5-甲基-1-癸烯的合成。     

全氟4-甲基-3,6-二氧杂辛酸的合成

全氟4-甲基-3,6-二氧杂辛基磺酰氟与水合肼反应生成全氟4-甲基-3,6-二氧杂辛基磺酰肼,用稀盐酸处理可以得到相应的亚磺酸。亚磺酸与氢溴酸反应可以得到全氟4-甲基-3,6-二氧杂辛酸,后者与甲醇反应可制得相应的甲酯。它们的结构均由红外、核磁共振及元素分析确定。     

带功能基的全氟(烷基乙烯基)醚的研究 Ⅰ.7,7-二氯-3-氧杂全氟-1-庚烯和10,10-二氯-3,6-二氧杂全氟-5-甲基-1-癸烯的合成

本文报道两个新的全氟(烷基乙烯基)醚:7,7-二氯-3-氧杂全氟-1-庚烯(1)及10,10-二氯-3,6-二氧杂全氟-5-甲基-1-癸烯(2)的合成。 4,4-二氯全氟-1-丁烯(3)用次氯酸钠或碱性过氧化氢氧化,生成环氧化物4。     

π-二苯铬(0)催化共聚合全氟丁炔-2与全氟丙烯的研究

关于烯烃和炔烃用自由基或离子型催化剂引发的共聚反应,迄今尚未见报道,可能由于单体活性相差悬殊的缘故。但用过渡金属催化时,则可发生共聚,例如,乙烯、丙烯和乙炔可在VOCl_3-(C_6H_(13))_3A1/烷烃溶剂催化下共聚成弹性体~([1])。又如全氟丙烯和全氟丁炔-2不能在氟离子催化下共聚~([2]),可是应用了π-二苯铬(O)催化剂~([3])却能成功地将这两种单体共聚为液体、蜡状物和固体,后两者的比例视所用单体的克分子比而异,即全氟丙烯比例高时,蜡状物比例高;反之,固体比例高。值得指出的是,据我们所知,这是在氟碳化合物中首次发现的烯-炔共聚的例子.     

全氟己酮中间体全氟丙酰氟及全氟环氧丙烷的合成研究进展

全氟己酮是优良的灭火剂和清洁剂,环境友好且性能优异。本文对其合成工艺进行探究,指出了以六氟丙烯为原料的合成工艺具有工业化的前景,并对六氟丙烯工艺中的重要中间体六氟丙酰氟及六氟环氧丙烷(HFPO)的合成方法进行了分析,指出分子氧液相氧化六氟丙烯制HFPO及使用鼓泡反应器将HFPO异构化成全氟丙酰氟是最有应用前途的工业合成方法。     

全氟和多氟烷基磺酸的研究 Ⅸ.5-卤-3-氧杂-全氟戊磺酰氟的化学转化

5-卤-3-氧杂-全氟戊磺酰氟(1)依次用苛性钾、浓硫酸和五氧化二磷处理可顺利地得到相应的磺酸和磺酸酐.在吡啶存在下,[I(CF_2)_2O(CF_2)_2SO_2]_2O(3)与醇反应得磺酸酯(6).1在发烟硫酸作用下,可转化成酰氟9.随着反应温度的不同,9水解为酸10和/或二元酸11.氟羰基全氟甲磺酰氟的水解也有类似现象.醇与9的酰氟基反应得羧酸酯,而不与磺酰氟基反应.但可进一步转化为磺酸酯.由9与F~-生成的全氟烷氧基阴离子-O(CF_2)_2O(CF_2)_2SO_2F与活泼的卤代烷作用得醚.还研究了5-卤-3-氧杂-全氟戊磺酰氟与三氯化铝的作用,在无水三氯化铝存在下对9进行了芳烃的Friedel-Crafts酰基化,以四氯化碳为溶剂并改变加料顺序,可提高酮的产率.     

α-全氟烷基吡咯的合成及性质

前文已报道了全氟碘代烷在连二亚硫酸钠的引发下,对烯烃、富电子芳环的反应,并认为反应是自由基历程。本文报道应用这个反应合成α-全氟烷基吡咯。 Waksclman报道N-甲基吡咯与R_FI在自     

纺织品中全氟辛酸及全氟辛磺酰基化合物的气相色谱-μECD测试方法

建立了超声波辅助萃取-气相色谱-微电子捕获检测器测定纺织品中全氟辛酸(PFOA)及全氟辛磺酰基化合物(PFOS)的方法。通过单因子选择实验、正交实验等方法建立了纺织品中PFOA和PFOS的超声波萃取方法和PFOA的衍生反应条件。并采用加大流速和降低温度的方法,实现了3种PFOA和PFOS混合物的气相色谱分离及测试。方法的检测限为0.00591~0.02319μg/g;精密度为2.1%~9.7%;加标回收率为92.2%~101.9%。方法适用于纺织品中痕量PFOA和PFOS的监测分析。     

脱卤亚磺化研究——连二亚硫酸钠作为新的脱卤亚磺化试剂

全氟碘代烷与亚硫酸盐发生单电子转移反应生成全氟亚磺酸盐;连二亚硫酸钠水溶液热分解时,ESR表明生成SO_2~-主阴离子自由基,这两者促使我们尝试用连二亚硫酸钠代替亚硫酸盐与全氟卤代烷反应.实验表明对于全氟碘代烷及溴代烷它是一种有效的     

全氟和多氟烷基磺酸的研究 X:在亲核取代反应中全氟烷基3-氧杂全氟烷基磺酸酯的唯一的硫-氧键断裂

Perfluoroalkyl 3-oxaperfluoralkanesulfonates XCF2OCF2CF2SO3CF2OCF2X (1) (X=CF2I (1a), CF2Cl (1b), HCF2 (1c), Cl2CF (1d)) reacted readily with various mucleophiles leading to S--O seission exclusively, thus 1 -- XCF2OCF2CF2SO2Y+XCF2OCF2COZ In the presence of a catalytic amount of halide (F-, Cl-, Br-, I-) and thiecyanate in diglyme 1 decomposed to give the corresponding sulfonly fluoride 2 (X=F) and acyl fluoride 3(Z=F). At room temperature 1 did not react with excess ethanol, but under refluxing for 12.5h, 1 was converted to 2 (Y=F) and 3 (Z=OEt). More powerful nucleophile ethoxide ion reacted readily with 1 at-60 - -50`C yielding Et2O and 3 (Z=OEt) but no 2 (Z=F). When the reaction was carried out at 80`C the yields of the products varied with the order of mixing of the reactants i.e. when 1 was added to excess ethoxide in ethanol, products are 3(Z=OEt), Et2O and 2(Y=F), but with ethoxide adding to 1 the yield of 2 (Y=F) was increased and that of ether decreased whereas the yield of 3 (Z=OEt) remained constant. Carboxylates (CF3CO2-, CH3CO2-) also caused S--O cleavage of 1 to give acetyl fluoride, 2 (y=F) and 3 (Z=F) as a result of decomposition of the intermediary mixed anhydride by the fluoride ion. In the same manner R2NH, C6H5NH2 reacted with 1 giving the products of S--O cleavage. In contrast to the nucleophilic reactions of α, α-di-H-perfluoroalkyl perfluoroalkanesulfonates (mainly C--O cleavage) it has been found that all nucleophies attack the sulfur atom of 1 exclusively. A possible interpretation is that the SN2 attack at sp3 carbon atom in highly fluorinated system is made impossible by the shielding effect of the two fluorine atoms in the alcoholic moiety and leaving the attack on the sulfur as the only alternative.     

Preparation and synthetic applications of aryl tetraflates (ArOSO2CF2CF2H)

We have recently developed an improved synthetic route to 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethanesulfonic acid (HCF2CF2SO3H, TFESA) and explored the applications of this newly available superacid in catalysis. Low volatility, ease of handling, and a convenient 1H NMR handle make this acid an attractive alternative to triflic acid. TFESA can also be converted to several of its derivatives: anhydride, sulfonyl chloride, and sulfonyl fluoride, which provide a good entry point for the synthesis of aryl sulfonates. We prepared several aryl esters of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethanesulfonic acid (aryl tetraflates) and showed that they can be used in a number of palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions (Suzuki, Heck, and Buchwald-Hartwig couplings). While the reactivity of tetraflates lies between that of triflates and chlorides, tetraflates appear to be more thermally stable. Additionally, the presence of a hydrogen atom in the tetraflate group facilitates monitoring of reactions and characterization of derivatives.     

亚磺化脱卤研究 X: 全氟及多氟溴代烷的反应研究

本文报道溴代全氟烷和α,ω-二溴代全氟烷在亚磺化脱卤反应体系中与烯烃的反应及其与相应的碘代全氟烷的区别. 合成了全氟仲溴代烷CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO2F(7), 它与烯烃反应可得到1:1的加成物. 7的水解产物CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO3Na(11)与连二亚硫酸钠反应只得到氢化脱溴产物. 多氟溴化物CF3CBr2X(13X=F; 14X=Cl; 15X=Br)经亚磺化脱溴可得到相应的亚磺酸钠盐CF3CBrXSO2Na(16X=F; 17X=Cl; 18X=Br), 其中间体多氟烷自由基可用烯烃捕集, 得到高产率的1:1加成产物.     

全氟烷基磺酰碘的化学

报导了全氟烷基亚磺酸银与碘之间在二氯甲烷中的低温反应(-30℃). 生成相应的全氟烷基磺酰碘. 并用^1^9F NMR证实其结构, 磺酰碘与各种稀烃反应则可产生二种系列的加成物RfSO2CH2CHIR和RfCH2CHIR.     

The Synthesis of Phosphonate Ester Containing Fluorinated Vinyl Ethers

Three novel perfluorovinyl ethers containing phosphonate ester groups, diethyl 1,1,2,2,3,3,5,6,6-nonafluoro-4-oxa-5-hexenylphosphonate, (EtO)(2)P(O)(CF(2))(3)OCF=CF(2) (1), diethyl 1,1,2,2,4,5,5-heptafluoro-3-oxa-4-pentenylphosphonate, (EtO)(2)P(O)(CF(2))(2)OCF=CF(2) (2), and diethyl 1,1,2,2,4,5,5,7,8,8-decafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-3,6-dioxa-7-octenylphosphonate, CF(2)=CFOCF(2)CF(CF(3))O(CF(2))(2)P(O)(OEt)(2) (3), have been synthesized. Perfluorovinyl ethers 1 and 2 were synthesized from methyl 4-trifluoroethenoxy-2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorobutanoate and methyl 3-trifluoroethenoxy-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanoate, respectively, while perfluorovinyl ether 3 was synthesized either from 5-trifluoroethenoxy-4-trifluoromethyl-3-oxa-1,1,2,2,4,5,5-heptafluoropentylsulfonyl fluoride or methyl 6-trifluoroethenoxy-5-trifluoromethyl-4-oxa-2,2,3,3,5,6,6-heptafluorohexanoate. The carboxylate esters were converted to the corresponding fluoroalkyl iodides via a free-radical iododecarboxylation. The sulfonyl fluoride was converted to its corresponding fluoroalkyl iodide via iododesulfination. The intermediate iodides were found to be useful precursors for the incorporation of the phosphonic ester groups via a photoreaction with tetraethyl pyrophosphite to produce diethyl fluorophosphonites. The diethyl fluorophosphonites were oxidized to the desired phosphonates, 1, 2, and 3, utilizing hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant. Moderate to good overall yields of perfluorovinyl ethers 1-3 have been achieved.     

聚苯乙烯基N-甲基-N-酰基磺酰胺树脂的制备及其作为酰基转移试剂在酰胺合成中的应用

聚苯乙烯基磺酰氯树脂(树脂1)与甲胺水溶液在吡啶的催化作用下反应，制备了N—甲基磺酰胺树脂(树脂2)．用酰氯在吡啶中与树脂2反应，得到N—酰基—N—甲基磺酰胺树脂(树脂3)．树脂3作为胺底物的酰基转移试剂，用来制备N—取代的酰胺，收率14～81％．树脂3可以有选择性地酰化乙醇胺中的氨基而不会使羟基酰化。     

多氟代烃类的反应II: 氟氯烯烃与三氯化铝的反应

研究了以CFCl2CF2CF=CF2(1)和CFCl2CF=CFCF2(2)为原料与三氯化铝的反应.结果获得重排产品CCl2=CF2CF2CF3(3).结果支持了从1到3的分子间重排反应的机理.在激烈条件下,3进一步与氯化铝反应得到CCl2=CFCCl2CF3(4),CCl2=CClCCl2CF3(5),CCl2=CClCCl2CClF(6),CCl2=CClCCl2CFCCl2(7)和CCl2=CClCCl2CCl3(8).由分离所得产品的结构可推断化合物3中氟原子被氯原子取代的稳定性按以下次序:CF3->CF=>=-CF2CF=.反应条件对产品得率的影响也被讨论了.     

Stabilization of the tautomers HP(OH)2 and P(OH)3 of hypophosphorous and phosphorous acids as ligands

Treatment of [CpRu(PPh(3))(2)Cl] 1 with the stoichiometric amount of H(3)PO(2) or H(3)PO(3) in the presence of chloride scavengers (AgCF(3)SO(3) or TlPF(6)) yields compounds of formula [CpRu(PPh(3))(2)(HP(OH)(2))]Y (Y = CF(3)SO(3) 2a or PF(6) 2b) and [CpRu(PPh(3))(2)(P(OH)(3))]Y (Y = CF(3)SO(3) 3aor PF(6) 3b) which contain, respectively, the HP(OH)(2) and P(OH)(3) tautomers of hypophosphorous and phosphorous acids bound to ruthenium through the phosphorus atom. The triflate derivatives 2a and 3a react further with hypophosphorous or phosphorous acids to yield, respectively, the complexes [CpRu(PPh(3))(HP(OH)(2))(2)]CF(3)SO(3) 4 and [CpRu(PPh(3))(P(OH)(3))(2)]CF(3)SO(3) 5 which are formed by substitution of one molecule of the acid for a coordinated triphenylphosphine molecule. The compounds 2 and 3 are quite stable in the solid state and in solutions of common organic solvents, but the hexafluorophosphate derivatives undergo easy transformations in CH(2)Cl(2): the hypophosphorous acid complex 2b yields the compound [CpRu(PPh(3))(2)(HP(OH)(2))]PF(2)O(2) 6, whose difluorophosphate anion originates from hydrolysis of PF(6)(-); the phosphorous acid complex 3b yields the compound [CpRu(PPh(3))(2)(PF(OH)(2))]PF(2)O(2) 7, which is produced by hydrolysis of hexafluorophosphate and substitution of a fluorine for an OH group of the coordinated acid molecule. All the compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses and NMR measurements. The crystal structures of 2a, 3a and 7 have been determined by X-ray diffraction methods.     

The sulfinatodehalogenation of primary polyfluoroalkyl iodides by sodium sulfite

Polyfluoroalkyl iodides, such as Cl(CF2)nI(n=4, 6, 8, 1b-1d) and F(CF2)nI (n=6, 8,1e-1f) reacted with sodium sulfite in neutral aqueous DMF solution to give the corresponding sulfinates Cl(CF2)nSO2Na (n=4, 6, 8, 2b-2d) and F(CF2)nSO2Na (n=6, 8, 2e-2f) in moderate yields. I(CF2)2O(CF2)2SO2F ( la ) reacted under the same condition to give 3-oxa-octafluoropentane-1,5-disulfinates (2a).