固相萃取–气相色谱法测定海水中异狄氏剂含量的不确定度评定

采用末取代聚苯乙烯/二乙烯基苯(Cleanert PS)固相萃取–气相色谱法测定海水中异狄氏剂浓度,对测量结果的不确定度进行评定。分析了测量程序中不确定度的各项来源,包括样品采集、标准溶液制备、校准曲线回归、前处理方法、样品回收率等引入的不确定度及其计算方法,最后合成得标准不确定度。当海水中异狄氏剂含量为2.9ng/L时,扩展不确定度为0.17 ng/L(k=2)。实验结果表明,标准校准曲线引入的不确定度对测量结果的影响最大。     

高效液相色谱法测定氨基酸口服液中L-色氨酸的不确定度评定

采用高效液相色谱法测定氨基酸口服液中L-色氨酸的含量,对测量结果的不确定度进行评定。结果表明,标准曲线校准和测量重复性是测量过程中不确定度的主要来源,其中标准曲线校准对合成不确定度的影响最大。当氨基酸口服液中L-色氨酸的测定结果为8.8μg/mL时,其扩展不确定度为1.1μg/mL。     

血清雌二醇标准物质的研制

介绍高浓度血清雌二醇标准物质的研制。采集的全血不加任何添加剂和抗凝剂,离心分离出血清,分装。采用同位素稀释–液相色谱串联质谱法(ID–LC–MS/MS)对高浓度血清雌二醇标准物质进行定值及均匀性和稳定性检验,对定值不确定度进行了评定。结果表明,高浓度血清雌二醇标准物质定值结果为3.06 ng/g,扩展不确定度为0.08 ng/g(k=2),均匀性和稳定性符合国家标准物质技术要求。采用IFCC RELA比对样品和欧洲标准局标准物质血清17β-雌二醇标准物质对定值方法进行确认,测量结果的标准偏差在该标准物质量值的不确定度范围内。研制的标准物质量值经过日本计量院验证,测量结果为(3.03±0.1)ng/g。该标准物质的量值具有溯源性和准确性。     

10 mL单标线刻度吸管检定结果的不确定度评定

分析了10 mL单标线刻度吸管进行容量检定时测量不确定度的主要来源,对各不确定度分量进行了分析和量化,得出合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度结果分别为0.00068 mL和0.001 5 mL.     

直接测汞仪的校准及检出限不确定度评定

介绍直接测汞仪的计量特性和校准方法。校准项目和技术指标:线性误差在±10%之内,检出限不大于1.0 ng,重复性不大于3%。直接测汞仪检出限的不确定度由精密度测量不确定度、回归曲线测量不确定度、标准物质浓度引入的不确定度、温度引入的不确定度组成。对各不确定度分量进行评定,得到检出限的扩展不确定度为U=0.06 ng (k=2)。该方法能客观全面反映仪器的计量性能,可为该类仪器的校准和计量标准的考核提供参考。     

GC-MS法测定发酵食品中氨基甲酸乙酯含量的测量不确定度评定

采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法测定了发酵食品中氨基甲酸乙酯含量,找出了影响测量结果不确定度的主要因素,并用计量学方法对测量不确定度进行了评定.当发酵食品样品中氨基甲酸乙酯的测定结果为21.51ng/mL时,其相对扩展不确定度为8.7%(k=2).该方法可以用于发酵食品中氨基甲酸乙酯含量的质量控制.     

离子色谱仪检定及整机性能不确定度评定

介绍电导检测器离子色谱检定方法。采用氯离子标准物质,使用泵流量设定值误差、流量稳定性、基线噪声、基线漂移、最小检测浓度、线性相关性、整机性能定性定量重复性等参数对离子色谱仪进行检定。同时用5 μg/mL氯离子为检测离子,结合JJF 1059.1–2012 《测量不确定度评定与表示》对整机性能不确定度来源进行考察。结果表明:在置信区间为95%时(包含因子k=2),氯离子的质量浓度为(4.94±0.35)μg/mL。经不确定度分析,标准工作曲线拟合引入的不确定度最大,其次是样品的重复随机测试过程。     

甲基对硫磷溶液标准物质的研制

采用重量–容量法研制了1.00 ng/μL甲基对硫磷农药标准物质,对研制的甲醇中甲基对硫磷溶液标准物质量值进行了均匀性和稳定性检验,对定值结果的不确定度进行了评定。结果表明,该标准物质均匀性良好,在一年内量值没有显著性变化,具有良好的稳定性,定值结果的相对扩展不确定度为3%(k=2)。该标准物质可用于农药残留测量结果的准确性评价。     

原子吸收光谱法测定载金碳中金含量的不确定度评定

介绍了原子吸收光谱法(AAS)测定载金碳中金含量的不确定度评定方法。建立了不确定度评定的数学模型,对不确定度来源进行分析,并对不确定度分量进行量化。测量不确定度的主要来源为测量重复性引入的标准不确定度、样品称量引入的标准不确定度、样品溶液中金含量测定值的标准不确定度、样品溶解后定容体积的不确定度,其中测量重复性引入的标准不确定度和样品溶液中金含量测定值引入的标准不确定度为不确定度主要来源。当载金碳中金含量为0.56 g/kg时,其扩展不确定度为0.02 g/kg(k=2)。     

诺龙甲醇溶液标准物质的研制

利用色-质联用法和红外光谱法对诺龙纯品原料定性后,采用高效液相色谱多家定值方法对诺龙纯度进行定值,经重量法配制,制得了诺龙甲醇溶液标准物质,并对制备的溶液标准物质进行均匀性和稳定性检验.对定值不确定度进行了评定,当诺龙甲醇溶液标准物质的浓度为1.00 mg/mL时,相对扩展不确定度为1.0%,k=2.     

气相色谱仪检定结果的不确定度评定

气相色谱仪检定结果的不确定度主要来源于流速稳定性、柱箱温度稳定性、基线噪声、定量重复性和标准物质进样量的不确定度。以TCD检测器为例进行分析,对气相色谱仪检定结果的不确定度进行评定,相对扩展不确定度为5%。     

电化学电极气体氧分析器计量标准不确定度的评定

简述电化学电极气体氧分析器的计量检定方法及过程。给出了检定过程中测量误差的数学模型及电化学电极气体氧分析器计量标准不确定度的来源，并对各不确定度分量进行了评定。电化学电极气体氧分析器计量标准的扩展不确定度小于5％。     

气相色谱法测定人体血液中乙醇含量的测量不确定度评定

对气相色谱法测定人体血液中乙醇含量的测量不确定度进行评定。人体血液中乙醇含量测量结果的测量不确定度主要来源于相对定量校正因子、检材量、检材中添加内标物叔丁醇的体积、检材中乙醇峰面积的平均值与添加内标物叔丁醇峰面积的平均值之比、无水乙醇的纯度及密度等参数引起的不确定度。当检材中乙醇的含量为0．915mg／mL时,扩展不确定度为O．030mg/mL(k=2)。     

气相色谱仪检测器的灵敏度和检测限测量结果不确定度的评定

依据JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》评定了气相色谱仪检测器的主要技术指标灵敏度和检测限测量结果的不确定度。分析了各不确定度分量,建立了评定灵敏度、检测限测量结果不确定度的数学模型,并计算了其测量结果的扩展不确定度。     

Evaluation of an Element-Tagged Duplex Immunoassay Coupled with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Detection: A Further Study for the Application of the New Assay in Clinical Laboratory

Background: Element-tagged immunoassay coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection has the potential to revolutionize immunoassay analysis for multiplex detection. However, a further study referring to the standard evaluation and clinical sample verification is needed to ensure its reliability for simultaneous analysis in clinical laboratories. Methods: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and α-fetoprotein (AFP) were chosen for the duplex immunoassay. The performance of the assay was evaluated according to guidelines from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Moreover, reference intervals (RIs) of CEA and AFP were established. At last, 329 clinical samples were analyzed by the proposed method and results were compared with those obtained with electrochemiluminescent immunoassay (ECLIA) method. Results: The measurement range of the assay was 2–940 ng/mL for CEA and 1.5–1000 ng/mL for AFP, with a detection limit of 0.94 ng/mL and 0.34 ng/mL, respectively. The inter-assay and intra-assay imprecision were all less than 6.58% and 10.62%, respectively. The RI of CEA and AFP was 0–3.84 ng/mL and 0–9.94 ng/mL, respectively. Regarding to clinical sample detection, no significant difference was observed between the proposed duplex assay and the ECLIA method. Conclusions: The ICP-MS-based duplex immunoassay was successfully developed and the analytical performance fully proved clinical applicability. Well, this could be different with other analytes.     

Reference measurement procedure for Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in serum

An isotope dilution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (ID-GC/MS) reference measurement procedure for Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in serum was developed and validated. The method complies with the concept of a ratio primary reference measurement procedure. The uncertainty was determined for two concentrations of THC in serum (1 ng/mL and 2.4 ng/mL). The calculation procedure is based on the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). The relative expanded uncertainty was found to be less than 2% for both concentration levels, corresponding to a 95% confidence interval. For the reference method, it was shown that the measurement of THC within the concentration range covered by the current threshold values is very accurate. The method has the potential to provide traceability for the methods used in practical forensics.     

Nickel quantification in serum by a validated sector-field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method: Assessment of tentative reference values for an Italian population

The daily exposure to Ni from food, industrial processes, jewellery and coins makes the determination of Ni in human serum an important way to monitor the health status in non-occupationally exposed subjects. To this end, a method based on sector-field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was developed and validated. The limits of detection (LoD) and quantification (LoQ), sensitivity, linearity range, trueness, repeatability, within-laboratory reproducibility and robustness were the considered issues of the validation process. The uncertainty associated with the measurements was also calculated, according to the Eurachem/Citac Guide. The method LoD and LoQ were 0.03 and 0.09 ng mL(-1), linearity was over two order of magnitude, trueness was -3.57%, and the repeatability and reproducibility showed relative standard deviations equal to 4.56% and 6.52%, respectively. The relative expanded uncertainty was 21.8% at the Ni levels found in the general population. The tentative reference value for serum Ni was 0.466 +/- 0.160 ng mL(-1) with a related interval between 0.226 and 1.026 ng mL(-1).