由蒽镁真空热解合成的活性镁的加氢性能

蒽镁真空热解合成活性镁是一种原则上不消耗试剂的活化镁的方法 。这种活性镁在常压即可加氢生成氢化镁, 最适加氢温度为230℃。加氢反应的速度对镁的表面积为一级。反应的表观活化能为43kJ/mol。活性高的原因是和它的高分散性以及干净的大比表面积有关。电镜结果表明这种活性镁的基本颗粒属于nm规格范围。     

金属镁与铵盐水溶液反应实验探究

镁与铵盐溶液反应的原理在中学化学中存在多种矛盾解释。通过测定镁与不同铵盐溶液、镁与不同阴离子溶液反应的速率和生成氢气的体积,得出镁与铵盐溶液的反应实质：铵根离子是镁与水反应生成氢气的催化剂;部分阴离子（Cl-,SO42-）催化了镁与水的反应。并从热力学和动力学2个方面探讨了铵盐溶液对镁与水反应的影响。     

铝土矿中低含量钙、镁的连续比色测定——甲基百里酚蓝比色法

甲基百里酚蓝(MTB)作为镁的显色剂测定微量镁已有报导,但未见其应用于钙的测定。而MTB与钙也有良好的显色性能,本文提出在MTB与钙镁同时显色后,加入EGTA,利用其对钙镁络合物稳定常数的差别,仅使钙褪色,藉以连续比色测定试样中的钙和镁。方法特别适用于铝土矿等钙镁含量大致相当的试样中低含量钙镁的测定。一、主要试剂MTB(0.15%) 0.15克MTB和1克盐     

茂钛配合物掺杂的高活性纳米镁粉的加氢性能

镁粉可作为储氢材料和某些化学反应试剂,但普通的工业镁粉不够活泼。文献中陆续出现一些制备活性镁的方法,例如用碱金属还原卤化镁 [1,2],用催化法合成氢化镁后脱氢 [3,4],以及在不同条件下使蒽镁分解 [5]。我们曾报道过用蒽镁真空热解制备高活性纳米镁粉的结 果 [6～ 7],由此得到的镁对氢具有很高的反应活性。将这种镁用于制备双格氏化合物 [8,9]和制备纳米氮化镁 [10],表明这种镁粉比著名的 Rieke镁活性高。 Bogdanovic等曾报道过合成氢化镁后用环辛二烯基镍掺杂对 MgH2的放 /吸氢行为有显著的改善 [11]。本文报道用茂钛配合物 (C…     

甲亢病人血清镁含量及其临床意义

用火焰原子吸收法测定了２０００例甲亢病人的血清镁含量及１２００例天津市正常人群血清镁含量，结果显示，甲亢病人血清镁含量显著低于正常人群，有显著统计意义（Ｐ〈０．０１）。提示：甲亢病人血清镁含量对甲亢病诊断及治疗过程的镁的摄入补充有重要的意义。     

偶氮胂-DCS作为钙镁络合滴定指示剂的研究及其应用

研究了利用光度显色剂偶氮胂－ＤＣＳ作为钙镁联合滴定指示剂的可能性及使用该指示剂滴定钙镁的准确性,与常用的钙镁络合滴定指示剂进行了比较,并成功地应用于水泥试样中钙镁含量测定。结果表明,偶氮胂－ＤＣＳ是一种良好的钙镁络合滴指示剂。     

CO2矿化反应基础研究 I.镁橄榄石和蛇纹石盐酸浸出动力学研究

对盐酸浸取镁橄榄石和蛇纹石的过程进行了研究,考察了酸浓度、浸取温度对镁浸出率的影响。结果表明,提高酸浓度和浸取反应温度能够提高镁橄榄石和蛇纹石中镁的浸出率。采用单粒级矿物原料浸出实验获得的动力学数据,利用收缩核模型分析了橄榄石和蛇纹石的镁浸出过程动力学,镁橄榄石浸出动力学属表面化学反应控制,而蛇纹石浸出反应为产物层扩散控制。两种矿物结构的差异影响镁浸出的难易程度,也决定了不同的浸出动力学行为。     

活性镁及活性氢化镁的合成

研究了在真空下90-150℃间使蒽镁分解生成高活性镁. 再常压加氢, 制得氢化镁的方法. 这一过程中, 镁的活化可循环使用蒽, 基本上不消耗任何试剂, 在分解前用过渡金属化合物掺杂到蒽镁中去可改善活化镁的氢化行为. 当蒽镁中掺杂5%的Cp2TiCl2时, 吸氢温度可降至90℃.     

镁-过渡金属复合物正极材料

高能量密度、大容量、高工作电压、低成本、环境友好的二次电池是未来储能电池技术的发展方向。高比能的镁离子电池（MIBs）是以镁或镁合金为负极的二次电池,是一种重要的有望用于电动汽车的新型绿色储能电池。镁离子电池发展缓慢的主要问题是镁离子在正极材料中扩散速度慢。因此,本文综述了五类晶体结构的镁-过渡金属复合物类型（包括一维隧道结构、二维层状结构、三维尖晶石结构、三维NASICON结构、三维橄榄石结构）、制备方法、电化学性能等,还阐述了镁离子在固体中扩散行为及提高扩散速度的措施,最后展望了镁离子电池正极材料镁-过渡金属复合物的重要研究方向。寻找高电压（大于3 V）、高比能量、高可逆性的正极材料和与其匹配的电解液是实现镁离子电池第三次突破的关键。我们希望本文有利于更深入地了解镁离子电池正极材料,促进镁离子电池的发展。     

锂对EDTA滴定镁和钙的影响

卤水和盐中常量镁和钙的测定，通常采用EDTA络合滴定法，作者在锂镁分离试验工作中发现，锂对镁和钙的测定有较大影响，锂对镁的干扰已有报道，但其消除方法适用范围较窄；锂对钙的干扰尚未见报道。因此，作者进行了一系列探讨，在更宽的锂镁质量比范围内消除锂对镁的干扰，找到     

Fourier transforms of atomic orbitals. II. Convolution theorems

Analytic expressions have been derived for tensor convolutions of basis functions of exponential class (the reduced Bessel functions, the Slater, and the hydrogen-like functions). For reduced Bessel functions, in particular, the method suggested in the paper is a more clear and compact alternative to the laborious proof of the important Filter and Steinborn convolution theorem.     

Selectivity of the stationary phase in gas chromatography

The reaction of some simple molecules with polar and nonpolar stationary phases in gas-liquid chromatography has been examined. The important part played by the structure of the stationary phase in determining the form of the thermodynamic functions has been demonstrated. The individual elementary characteristics of the thermodynamic functions for dissolution in gas-liquid chromatography have been determined.     

On the theory of electron correlation in atoms and molecules: Relation between cluster expansion theory and the correlated wave functions method

A relation between the cluster expansion theory of many electron wave functions and the correlated wave functions method is established. In this way, the theoretical basis of the method is elucidated and the approximations involved in its application become apparent. General forms of the correlated wave function, differing in certain important respects from that form usually assumed, are derived.     

XMVB: a program for ab initio nonorthogonal valence bond computations

An ab initio nonorthogonal valence bond program, called XMVB, is described in this article. The XMVB package uses Heitler-London-Slater-Pauling (HLSP) functions as state functions, and calculations can be performed with either all independent state functions for a molecule or preferably a few selected important state functions. Both our proposed paired-permanent-determinant approach and conventional Slater determinant expansion algorithm are implemented for the evaluation of the Hamiltonian and overlap matrix elements among VB functions. XMVB contains the capabilities of valence bond self-consistent field (VBSCF), breathing orbital valence bond (BOVB), and valence bond configuration interaction (VBCI) computations. The VB orbitals, used to construct VB functions, can be defined flexibly in the calculations depending on particular applications and focused problems, and they may be strictly localized, delocalized, or bonded-distorted (semidelocalized). The parallel version of XMVB based on MPI (Message Passing Interface) is also available.     

非线性光学极化率密度泛函理论计算的基组效应

由于分子的非线性光学性质与分子外层电子行为及激发性质密切相关,扩散函数对分子的非线性光学极化率计算非常重要.在ADF程序中的DZP基组基础上缀加扩散函数,构造出我们称之为DZP+df的新基组.通过对5个模型分子的含频二阶非线性光学极化率的密度泛函理论计算,表明新基组可以得出较DZP基组更为准确可靠的结果,同时比较ADF程序内置带有扩散函数的大基组,计算量大为减少.     

Three-dimensional-IR spectroscopy: beyond the two-point frequency fluctuation correlation function

Three-dimensional-IR spectroscopy is proposed as a new spectroscopic technique that is sensitive to three-point frequency fluctuation correlation functions. This will be important when the statistics of the underlying stochastic process is non-Gaussian, and hence when the system does not follow the linear response hypothesis. Furthermore, a very general classification of nonlinear spectroscopy in terms of higher order frequency fluctuation correlation functions is introduced, according to which certain moments of a multidimensional spectrum are related to certain frequency fluctuation correlation functions. The classification is rigorous in the so-called inhomogeneous limit, but remains valid approximately also when motional narrowing becomes important. The work also puts a recent paper [J. Bredenbeck et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 083201 (2005)] onto solid theoretical grounds, where we have shown for the first time that fifth-order spectroscopy--in this case transient two-dimensional spectroscopy--is indeed sensitive to the three-point frequency fluctuation correlation function.     

Selenium and human nervous system

Selenium plays various biological functions in the form of selenoprotein in human body. Brain is one of the most abundant organs of selenoprotein, which plays an important role in maintaining brain redox homeostasis, signal transduction pathway regulation and neuroimmune regulation. Yet, nano-selenium have attracted much attention for their high bioavailability and low toxicity. Nano-selenium are of great application potential in field of biomedical nervous system. Recently, investigation on selenoprotein and nano-selenium has gradually become a new hotspot for the important functions of selenium in human nervous system. In this article, we wish to review recent progresses and give a perspective.     

Preparation and Properties of Electrospun Sheath-core Modified-PMMA Nanofibers with Photoluminescence and Photochromic Functions

Multi-functional nanofibers are playing an important role in the optical field, and are widely used in fluorescence indication, product anti-counterfeit identification and smart clothing. Nanofibers with photoluminescence and photochromic functions are already attracting more interest from researchers. In this work, based on electrospun technology, the modified-PMMA nanofibers[PMMA=poly(methyl methacrylate)] with photoluminescence and photochromic functions were prepared through the design of the sheath-core structure(SCNFs 1-4). Compared with other samples, SCNF-4 shows outstanding photoluminescence and photochromic functions. SCNF-4 can produce green light and its fluorescence intensity and fluorescence lifetime can reach 7144 a.u. and 1031.32 μs, respectively. In photochromic functions, SCNF-4 can show purple in 1 min under the 365 nm ultraviolet light, and the color can be preserved for more than 4 h under the sunlight. When SCNF-4 is irradiated by far infrared light, the color of the samples can fade quickly in 40 s. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet light of different wavelengths, SCNF-4 can display multi-color fluorescence and achieve a reversible transition between white and purple. The design of the sheath-core structure realizes the complementarity of photoluminescence and photochromic functions of the electrospun modified-PMMA nanofibers, which is important to promote the wide application of multi-functional nanofibers in the optical field.     

组态相互作用中的特征波函数

提出了完全活性空间组态相互作用方法中对称化算符、本征基、特征矩阵、特征波函数等概念和将多电子波函救按空间与自旋对称分类的统一方法。按此法对称化算符并作用在特征波函数上,再按等价权空间求和即得全组态波函数。因对称性使组态函数中物理因子与几何因子完全分离,可消除了变分求解中多余的变量。特征基化学概念明确,直接对应给定的价键结构。     

Analytical HDMR formulas for functions expressed as quadratic polynomials with a multivariate normal distribution

High Dimensional Model Representation (HDMR) is a general set of quantitative model assessment and analysis tools for systems with many variables. A general formulation for the HDMR component functions with independent and correlated variables was obtained previously. Since the HDMR component functions generally are coupled to one another and involve multi-dimensional integrals, explicit formulas for the component functions are not available for an arbitrary function with an arbitrary probability distribution amongst their variables. This paper presents analytical formulas for the HDMR component functions and the corresponding sensitivity indexes for the common case of a function expressed as a quadratic polynomial with a multivariate normal distribution over its variables. This advance is important for practical applications of HDMR with correlated variables.