自由落体实验的改进

针对教材中自由落体实验操作的不稳定性,改进了实验,增强了实验操作的稳定性,提高了实验的精确度,减少了实验次数,节省了时间,提高了课堂效率.     

“光的折射”实验改进技巧

中学物理实验,有的实验好说难做,有的实验由于学校实验器材的限制无法改为学生实验,有的实验演示效果不好,没有足够的可观度,有的实验复杂不易成功.所以,在进行教学时,就变学生探究实验为教师演示实验,或者直接借助多媒体进行模拟实验.使物理实验失去了真实感,学生对实验的理解缺少一定的感性认识,学生不能亲自参与实验,而用课件模拟实验又没有真实感,大大地影响了学生学习物理的积极性,为此笔者在"光的折射"教学设计中尝试改进了一些教具和实验方法,解决了实验教     

高精度气液相平衡实验系统的建立和实验测定

本文搭建了循环法气液相平衡实验系统,介绍了该实验系统的组成,设计了循环法实验系统的实验流程.本实验系统的温度、压力和摩尔组分浓度的测量不确定度分别为5 mK,600 Pa和0.001.使用该实验系统测定了R125和R290纯净物饱和蒸气压,并进一步开展了R125+R290体系的气液相平衡实验研究,给出了该体系在3个温度下的等温气液相平衡实验数据,采用状态方程法相平衡模型对实验数据进行了关联分析,并与文献值进行了比较,结果表明本文实验数据具有较高精度,也说明了实验系统的可靠性.     

拉脱法测量纯水表面张力系数实验的研究

从实验和理论上对拉脱法测量表面张力系数的实验进行了研究.用微力传感器代替约利弹簧,并在此基础上改进了实验仪器.研究分析了使用约利弹簧和传感器测量表面张力系数实验的实验原理,指出了它们的区别,并给出了利用传感器测量表面张力系数实验的理论计算公式.改进后的实验降低了拉脱法测量表面张力系数实验的技术难度,提高了测量表面张力系数的精确度.     

对浮力实验和阿基米德实验的改进

通过学生自主实验,提出了相对简易的探究浮力方向的实验方法,同时对阿基米德实验进行了改进。改进后的阿基米德实验降低了实验偏差,实验效果直观、明显。本文还对教材的编排提出了建议和意见。     

演示记忆合金弹簧的形状记忆效应的实验设计

设计了测试记忆合金弹簧的形状记忆效应的物理实验.描述了实验装置的设计和结构,给出了实验内容的设计和实验方法,包括观察测试记忆合金弹簧的温度-形变记忆效应实验和电流-形变记忆效应实验.根据测量数据,描绘了用该仪器得到的温度-形变曲线和电流-形变曲线.该实验可作为设计性实验在大学物理实验课中开出.     

物理实验仪器深度开发的试验与探讨

重点讨论实验室中现有物理实验仪器的深度开发,围绕相关的实验内容、实验材料、实验演示传播方式等方面展开探讨和深度开发,利用此方式拓展了物理实验内容,加深巩固了物理实验原理的理解,实现了实验仪器的最大程度利用和更大使用价值的发挥,提高了实验仪器的利用率,在节约能源上起到很好的示范作用。     

光电效应伏安特性实验改进研究

光电效应实验及理论解释,为量子理论的建立奠定了基础,在光电效应伏安特性实验中,如何有效减少实验影响因素,提高测量结果的精确度,成为光电效应伏安特性实验改进的一个关键点。本从光电效应实验测量的伏安曲线出发,分析理论与实验结果上的差异,提出了影响实验结果的因素以及相应的实验操作办法,为光电效应伏安特性实验的改进,获得更加精确的实验数据以及光电效应实验的应用奠定了基础。     

虚拟物理实验平台建设的探索与实践

重点阐述了虚拟物理实验平台建设的主要内容,并对虚拟物理实验平台与传统实验进行比较,总结了虚拟实验平台的优势,最后对虚拟实验平台的教学模式进行了研究和探讨。     

温度传感器在固体比热容实验中的运用

基于固体比热容实验的传统实验,利用温度传感器对实验进行了改进,对混合温度进行了全程监控,取得了较好的实验效果并降低实验技术难度,清晰地观察到热力学现象,运用软件对数据图像进行线性拟合处理,提高了实验的准确性.     

关于"太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系"的讨论

讨论了银道面内的引力场强分布和太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系，指出引力场强g并不是与r的平方成反比，这是由于银河系的大小和形状不能忽略造成的．强调了万有引力定律的适用条件．     

Set the controls for the heart of the Sun

In this paper we describe experiments conducted with high-power lasers that are attempting to replicate, for a very short time and in miniature, conditions found in the Sun. Experiments to date have reached conditions in the outer part of the Sun. To reach the Sun's centre requires compression of material to very much greater than solid density and heating to over ten million degrees. To achieve this, a new class of experiments and a new generation of high-power lasers are required.     

On the connection between the solutions to the Dirac and Weyl equations and the corresponding electromagnetic four-potentials

In this work we study in detail the connection between the solutions to the Dirac and Weyl equations and the associated electromagnetic four-potentials.First,it is proven that all solutions to the Weyl equation are degenerate,in the sense that they correspond to an infinite number of electromagnetic four-potentials.As far as the solutions to the Dirac equation are concerned,it is shown that they can be classified into two classes.The elements of the first class correspond to one and only one four-potential,and are called non-degenerate Dirac solutions.On the other hand,the elements of the second class correspond to an infinite number of four-potentials,and are called degenerate Dirac solutions.Further,it is proven that at least two of these fourpotentials are gauge-inequivalent,corresponding to different electromagnetic fields.In order to illustrate this particularly important result we have studied the degenerate solutions to the forcefree Dirac equation and shown that they correspond to massless particles.We have also provided explicit examples regarding solutions to the force-free Weyl equation and the Weyl equation for a constant magnetic field.In all cases we have calculated the infinite number of different electromagnetic fields corresponding to these solutions.Finally,we have discussed potential applications of our results in cosmology,materials science and nanoelectronics.     

On the Local Detectability of the Passage Through the Schwarzschild Horizon

Using the property of the simplest invariant built from the covariant derivatives of the curvature tensor to change sign on the Schwarzschild horizon, and the relativistic quadratic geodesic deviation equation to express the invariant in terms of locally measurable quantities, viz., separation, relative velocity and acceleration of test particles, a scheme is presented which can, in principle, be used by an imaginary observer to detect by local measurements the passage through the event horizon in the Schwarzschild spacetime.     

Testing the mechanism for the LSP stability at the LHC

The lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is a natural candidate for the cold dark matter of the universe. In this Letter we discuss how to test the mechanism responsible for the LSP stability at the LHC. We note that if R-parity is conserved dynamically one should expect a Higgs boson which decays mainly into two right-handed neutrinos (a “leptonic” Higgs) or into two sfermions. The first case could exhibit spectacular lepton number violating signals with four secondary vertices due to the long-lived nature of right-handed neutrinos. These signals, together with the standard channels for the discovery of SUSY, could help to establish the underlying theory at the TeV scale.     

建立力学模型,研究单杠运动中旋转的有关问题

建立相关的力学模型,讨论运动员在单杠旋转运动中如何增加旋转能量,杠的刚柔性对旋转运动的影响和伸展、收缩的最佳时机选择等若干问题．充分展示了力学模型对研究问题的重要意义和作用．     

关于等价电子组态波函数与Young盘间变换性质的讨论

指出了等价电子组态波函数与Young盘间变换性质是幺正的，而不是厄米幺正的.指出了一个谱项波函数的符号错误. 关键词： 群论 量子力学     

Extracting the wavefunction of the LSP at the LHC

We consider associated production of squarks and gluinos with the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), or states nearly degenerate in mass with it. Though sub-dominant to pair production of color SU(3)-charged superpartners, these processes are directly sensitive to the wavefunction composition of the lightest neutralinos. Exploiting event-shape variables - including some introduced here for the first time - we are able to identify the composition of the LSP by selecting events involving a single high-pT jet recoiling against missing transverse energy. We illustrate the proposed technique on a set of benchmark cases and propose methods for applying these results in more realistic experimental environments.     

On the solutions of the Wick-Cutkosky model in the instantaneous approximation

By reexamining the analysis of Basu and Biswas, based on the stereographic projection method of Fock and Levy, it is shown that the general solution of the Wick-Cutkosky model in the instantaneous approximation, hitherto unreported, involves only one quantum number; this is contrasted with the well-known solution which involves two quantum numbers, but for which the spectrum is degenerate with respect to one of them. The latter situation is shown to hold under a rather special circumstance.     

On the reversibility of the Meissner effect and the angular momentum puzzle

It is generally believed that the laws of thermodynamics govern superconductivity as an equilibrium state of matter, and hence that the normal-superconductor transition in a magnetic field is reversible under ideal conditions. Because eddy currents are generated during the transition as the magnetic flux changes, the transition has to proceed infinitely slowly to generate no entropy. Experiments showed that to a high degree of accuracy no entropy was generated in these transitions. However, in this paper we point out that for the length of times over which these experiments extended, a much higher degree of irreversibility due to decay of eddy currents should have been detected than was actually observed. We also point out that within the conventional theory of superconductivity no explanation exists for why no Joule heat is generated in the superconductor to normal transition when the supercurrent stops. In addition we point out that within the conventional theory of superconductivity no mechanism exists for the transfer of momentum between the supercurrent and the body as a whole, which is necessary to ensure that the transition in the presence of a magnetic field respects momentum conservation. We propose a solution to all these questions based on the alternative theory of hole superconductivity. The theory proposes that in the normal-superconductor transition there is a flow and backflow of charge in direction perpendicular to the phase boundary when the phase boundary moves. We show that this flow and backflow explains the absence of Joule heat generated by Faraday eddy currents, the absence of Joule heat generated in the process of the supercurrent stopping, and the reversible transfer of momentum between the supercurrent and the body, provided the current carriers in the normal state are holes.