基于超材料的可调谐的太赫兹波宽频吸收器

随着频谱资源的日益稀缺,太赫兹波技术在近十几年的时间里得到了越来越多的关注,并取得了巨大的进展.由于高吸收、超薄厚度、频率选择性和设计灵活性等优势,超材料吸收器在太赫兹波段备受关注.本文设计了一种"T"型结构的超材料太赫兹吸收器,同时获得了太赫兹多频吸收器和太赫兹波宽频可调谐吸收器.它们结构参数一致,唯一的区别是在太赫兹波宽频可调谐吸收器的顶端超材料层上添加了一块方形光敏硅.这种吸收器都是三层结构,均由金属基板、匹配电介质层以及顶端超材料层组成.仿真结果表明,太赫兹波多频吸收器拥有6个吸收率超过90%的吸收峰,其平均吸收率高达96.34%.而太赫兹波宽频可调谐吸收器通过改变硅电导率,可以控制吸收频带的存在与否,同时可以调整吸收峰的频率位置,使吸收峰频率在一个频带宽度大约为30 GHz的范围内调整.当硅的电导率为1600 S/m时,吸收率超过90%的频带宽度达到240 GHz,而且其峰值吸收率达到99.998%.     

基于树枝结构单元的超材料宽带微波吸收器

本文设计并制作了一种基于树枝结构单元的超材料宽带微波吸收器.该超材料吸收器采用夹层结构,由按六边形密集排布的金属树枝阵列、双层介质基板和金属薄膜组成.通过调节树枝单元的几何参数和金属树枝阵列的排布方式,可以出现三个吸收峰,实现三频工作.通过调节三个吸收峰工作的频率形成宽频吸收,采用夹层结构提高吸收效率,从而对垂直入射到超材料表面的微波实现高吸收.实验表明吸收器的反射曲线从9.79 GHz到11.72 GHz出现了反射率小于10%的较宽吸收带,透射曲线恒等于0,吸收率大于90%的带宽为1.93 GHz.这种 关键词： 树枝状结构 夹层结构 吸收效率 吸收带宽     

基于石墨烯超材料的宽频带太赫兹吸收器

为了拓展太赫兹吸收器的相对吸收带宽,设计了一种基于石墨烯超材料的超薄、宽频带、可调谐的太赫兹吸收器,其由图案化石墨烯层、电介质层和金属反射底板层叠构成。仿真结果表明：该吸收器在4.48 THz频率处的吸收率为99.98%,通过调节石墨烯的化学势可使该频点处的吸收率变化至25.08%;同时,该吸收器表现出对入射波极化不敏感的吸收特性,且在太赫兹波倾斜入射的情况下仍能保持一定的宽频带吸收特性。在此基础上设计了基于三层图案化石墨烯的太赫兹吸收器,其可进一步拓展吸收频带宽度,仿真结果表明该吸收器在1.90～5.49 THz频率之间的吸收率高于90%,相对吸收带宽为97%。     

基于超材料的微波双波段吸收器

基于闭合双环单元结构, 设计、仿真、测试了对偏振无依赖性的双波段超材料吸收器. 实验结果表明, 该设计在频率4.06 GHz和6.66 GHz存在两个显著吸收峰, 吸收率分别为99.60%和95.83%, 并且在入射角达到50°时, 吸收率仍然保持在83%以上. 由于单元结构具有旋转对称性, 使得该吸收器对偏振不敏感, 能同时实现横电波和横磁波的双波段吸收. 吸收频率决定于闭合环大小, 调节闭合环尺寸能够灵活实现特定频率的吸收. 这些优点使我们的设计在多频谱成像、热辐射探测等应用中表现出较大的潜力.     

缺陷组合嵌入VO2薄膜结构的可调太赫兹吸收器

提出一种多缺陷组合嵌入VO2薄膜结构的可调太赫兹吸收器,它由上表面金属图案层、基体和底层金属板三层结构组成,在上表面和基体之间嵌入二氧化钒介质.计算结果表明在f=4.08 THz和f=4.33 THz两频点吸收率分别为99.8%和99.9%.通过改变外界环境温度可控制二氧化钒相变,从而使两个频点吸收率从99.8%变化到1.0%.改变入射角和偏振态,计算结果表明在入射角0°-40°,吸收器在TE和TM两种极化波下吸收率都能在98%以上.该太赫兹波吸收器具有高吸收、动态调谐、极化不敏感等特性,本文所设计的可调太赫兹吸收器在太赫兹波相关领域,例如探测器、开关、动态调制器、隐身技术等方面具有很好的应用前景.     

极化控制的双波段宽带红外吸收器研究

红外吸收器在红外隐身、辐射制冷、红外探测、传感器等方面有重要的应用前景.一维光栅型吸收器由于其结构简单、易于加工的优势备受关注,然而其不足之处是频带很窄,且只对一种极化有效.本文提出了一种基于简单一维周期结构的双波段宽带吸收器,对横磁波和横电波都有效,且吸波频段随入射波的极化方式而改变.该结构的基本单元由八个梯度排列的子单元构成,每个子单元由两层金属-介质双层膜垂直层叠组成.全波仿真结果表明,在1.68—2μm波段,该结构对横磁波吸收超过90%,而对横电波吸收很小(小于6%);在3.8-3.9μm波段,该结构对横电波吸收超过90%,而对横磁波吸收很小(小于5%).另外,该结构具有宽角度吸收特性,当入射角增大到60°时仍然能够保持较高的吸收率和较宽的吸收频带.     

宽波段纳米超材料太阳能吸收器的设计及其吸收特性

在纳米偶极子等效电路的基础上,结合多层波导与谐振腔结构,设计了一种高吸收率、宽波段的纳米超材料太阳能吸收器。该吸收器的单元结构是由双六边形超材料纳米柱与Si圆环柱组成,其中Si圆环中镶嵌了8个微型Au纳米圆柱。采用时域有限差分方法分析了纳米超材料吸收器在宽波段、不同偏振状态的入射光以及大角度入射光下的吸收特性。数值分析表明,该吸收器的吸收波段主要集中在400~1500nm,其平均吸收率可以达到94%。不同偏振状态的入射光对吸收器的吸收率影响较小,且在±60°大入射角度时该吸收器的平均吸收率仍可达到90%。该吸收器宽波段的高吸收率是由慢波效应与局域表面等离子体共振的共同作用引起的。     

太赫兹超材料吸收器的逆向设计

提出一种顶层图案为圆环加双开口谐振环结构的吸收器,并通过神经网络实现太赫兹超材料吸收器结构参数的逆向设计。该神经网络由输入层、输出层和5层隐藏层构成,输入为所需吸收率和品质因子,根据电磁共振理论将3个结构参数设定为输出。仿真结果表明,该吸收器在1.192 THz频率处的吸收率可达99.99%,在1.22 THz频率处品质因子可达31.7,其吸收性能与目标性能的误差最小为0.9%。所提方法显著简化了吸收器的设计过程,为太赫兹超材料的快速发展提供可能。     

基于科赫分形的新型超材料双频吸收器

本文提出了一种基于科赫(Koch)分形结构的新型超材料双频吸收器,其由二阶科赫分形阵列、介质层和金属背板三部分组成.通过利用分形结构的空间填充性,其单元尺寸在相同吸收频率下相对于具有正方形谐振结构的传统吸收器有近17.5%的尺寸缩减.与传统实现多频工作的组合法、层叠法不同,该型吸收器的双频特性来源于科赫分形曲线在电磁波激励下呈现出的两种不同的谐振模式.而且由于结构上具有旋转对称性,该型吸收器对入射波的极化方向不敏感,在横电波、横磁波大角度入射时仍能保持较高的吸收率.文中采用等效介质理论对该型吸收器进行了分析,测量结果与仿真结果取得了较好的一致性.     

W/VO2周期性纳米盘阵列可调中红外宽频吸收器

为了实现对3～5μm中红外光的完美吸收,仿真设计了一种基于W/VO2周期性纳米盘阵列的可调中红外宽频吸收器,利用时域有限差分法模拟计算了结构参数对吸收器性能的影响.在最佳结构参数条件下,吸收器表现出偏振无关和广角吸收的特性,在3.1～3.6μm范围内吸收率达99%以上,峰值吸收率为99.99%.低温时入射光的磁场被束缚在各单元VO2介质层的中心并得到完美吸收;高温时VO2发生相变表现为金属相,抑制吸收,高低温的吸收率差值可达78.8%.该吸收器有效弥补了传统吸收器吸收频带窄、吸收率不可调的缺陷,对中红外光电器件的应用有参考价值.     

An ultra-thin dual-band wide-angle polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber with near-unity absorbance

In this paper, a dual-band metamaterial absorber (MMA) with wide-angle and polarization-insensitivity is proposed. The MMA consists of two copper layers with a layer of FR-4 between them. And its top layer consists of a cross-shaped resonator and a square ring resonator. The calculation result demonstrates that there are two distinct absorption peaks, whose absorptivity are 99.933% at 3.8441 GHz and 99.99% at 9.1094 GHz. And its thickness is only 1.34% of the wavelength of the lowest absorption frequency. The dual-band MMA shows polarization-insensitivity for normal incident wave and shows high absorptivity in a wide incident angle for both TE and TM polarization wave. In addition, we discuss the working mechanism. The influences of main parameters on the dual-band MMA's absorption are also analyzed. The proposed ultra-thin MMA has simple structure and high absorptivity, which has many potential applications, such as thermal radiometer, detection sensor, stealth technology.     

基于等效介质原理的宽角超材料吸波体的理论分析

目前,很少有文章就如何实现宽角度吸波材料进行详细的理论分析和设计指导,设计宽角度吸波材料仍然是一件很困难的事情.本文基于等效介质理论对带有反射地板的单层介质超材料吸波体进行较为详细的理论分析.从基础电磁理论出发,推导TE波(横电波,电场方向与入射面垂直的平面电磁波)和TM波(横磁波,磁场方向与入射面垂直的平面电磁波)照射下吸波体的反射系数,分析实现宽角度吸波效果所需的等效电磁参数,为宽角度超材料吸波体的设计提供了理论基础.此外,论文还理论分析了实现宽带宽角吸波等效电磁参数所要满足的条件,并做了计算检验.结果表明,当介质等效电磁参数按照特殊曲线随频率发生变化时,理论上能实现宽带宽角的吸波效果.     

Numerical study of metamaterial absorber and extending absorbance bandwidth based on multi-square patches

A simple design of metamaterial absorber (MA) was proposed based on a periodic array of metal patch at microwave frequencies. Our design could exhibit absorption of 99.9% confirmed by numerical simulation. Such high narrowband absorption which mainly based on strong electric and magnetic resonances overlapping in a certain frequency range and perfect impedance-matched (z = 1) to the free space. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the MA could achieve very high absorptivity at wide angles of incidence for both transverse electric (TE) wave and transverse magnetic (TM) wave. The absorption band of our device is effectively extended by patterning multi-square patches of different dimension elements with appropriate geometrical parameters in a co-planar. Finally, the composite MA is only 0.4 mm thick, with a maximum absorption of 99.8% at 15.8 GHz, and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) bandwidth of 2 GHz by numerical simulation, which may have potential applications in the detection of explosives and stealth.     

Broadband,polarization-insensitive,and wide-angle microwave absorber based on resistive film

A simple design of broadband metamaterial absorber(MA) based on resistive film is numerically presented in this paper.The unit cell of this absorber is composed of crossed rectangular rings-shaped resistive film,dielectric substrate,and continuous metal film.The simulated results indicate that the absorber obtains a 12.82-GHz-wide absorption from about 4.75 GHz to 17.57 GHz with absorptivity over 90% at normal incidence.Distribution of surface power loss density is illustrated to understand the intrinsic absorption mechanism of the structure.The proposed structure can work at wide polarization angles and wide angles of incidence for both transverse electric(TE) and transverse magnetic(TM) waves.Finally,the multi-reflection interference theory is involved to analyze and explain the broadband absorption mechanism at both normal and oblique incidence.Moreover,the polarization-insensitive feature is also investigated by using the interference model.It is seen that the simulated and calculated absorption rates agree fairly well with each other for the absorber.     

Perfect metamaterial absorber based on a split-ring-cross resonator

In this paper, we present a polarization-insensitive metamaterial (MM) absorber which is composed of the dielectric substrate sandwiched with split-ring-cross resonator (SRCR) and continuous metal film. The MM absorber is not limited by the quarter-wavelength thickness and can achieve near-unity absorbance by properly assembling the sandwiched structure. Microwave experiments demonstrate the maximum absorptivity to be about 99% around 10.91 GHz for incident wave with different polarizations. The surface currents distributions of the resonance structure are discussed to look into the resonance mechanism. Importantly, our absorber is only 0.4 mm thick, and numerical simulations confirm that the MM absorber could achieve very high absorptivity at wide angles of incidence for both transverse electric (TE) wave and transverse magnetic (TM) wave. The sandwiched structure is also suitable for designing of a THz and even higher frequency MM absorber, and simulations demonstrate the absorption of 99% at 1.105 THz.     

基于宽边耦合螺旋结构的低频小型化极化不敏感超材料吸波体

设计、仿真并实验验证了基于宽边耦合螺旋结构的低频小型化超材料吸波体. 实验测试结果表明, 该超材料吸波体在1.39 GHz吸收率达到最大为98%, 其单元尺寸和总厚度均为6.8 mm, 约为1/32工作波长, 实现小型化窄带吸波. 由于吸波体中螺旋结构是旋转对称排列的, 因而其对垂直入射电磁波的极化方向是不敏感的. 此外, 该超材料吸波体对斜入射横电和横磁极化电磁波在60°时, 仍具有强吸收. 关键词： 超材料 吸波体 小型化     

Single-/dual-band metamaterial absorber based on cross-circular-loop resonator with shorted stubs

A single-/dual-band metamaterial absorber (MMA) based on cross-circular-loop resonator (CCLR) with shorted stubs is discussed at microwave frequencies in this paper. The single-/dual-band characteristics are realized by adjusting the positions of the shorted stubs. We briefly analyze the equivalent circuit model of the MMA unit cell and then numerically and experimentally investigate the near-perfect absorptions in such two conditions (single- and dual-band). The results indicate that the proposed MMA exhibits near-perfect impedance matching with free space and high absorptivity of 99.74?% at 8.65?GHz for single-band condition, and absorptivities of 99.75?% and 97.35?% at 8.525 and 9.1?GHz, respectively, for dual-band condition. It also exhibits a wide range of angles of incidence for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) radiation. The two operating frequency bands, in dual-band condition, can be further controlled by adjusting the positions of shorted stubs or adding other shorted stubs. So it opens the way to fabricate controllable MMAs, and so controllable perfectly matched layers and bolometers.